966 



CAS 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL , 



CAS 



pairs, oval-oblong, smooth, bluntish ; a cylindric gland be- 

 tween the lower ; petiole without any gland at the base. It 

 flowers in March and April. Native of the West Indies. 



41). Cassia Sericea. Leaflets about four pairs, ovate, hir- 

 sute ; a subulate gland between the leaflets; peduncles four- 

 flowered ; legumes four-cornered. Native of Jamaica. 



50. Cassia Lineata. Leaflets five pairs, somewhat oblong, 

 pubescent beneath, equal ; an obsolete gland beneath the 

 lowest ; peduncles one-flowered. Native of Jamaica. 



51. Cassia Virgata. Leaflets ten pairs, ovate-lanceolate, 

 villose; a petiolar pedicelled gland ; peduncles one-flowered, 

 longer than the leaves. Native of Jamaica. 



Cassia, Poet's. See Osyris. 



Cassine ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Trigynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth quinque-partite, 

 inferior, very small, obtuse, permanent. Corolla : quinque- 

 partite, spreading ; divisions subovate, obtuse, larger than 

 the calix. Stamina : filamenta five, subulate, spreading ; an- 

 therae simple. Pistil : germen superior, conic ; style none ; 

 stigmas three, reflex, obtuse. Pericarp : berry roundish, tri- 

 locular, umbilicated with the stigmas. Seeds: solitary, subo- 

 vate. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : quinquepartite. Petals: 

 five. Berry : trispermous. The species are, 



1. Cassine Capensis; Cape Cassine, or Phillyrea. Leaves 

 petioled, ovate-oblong, retuse, crenate. It has a woody stalk, 

 which seldom rises above five or six feet high in this country, 

 \vith brown or purplish bark ; flowers white, in axillary 

 branched corymbs. Native of the Cape. It is too tender to 

 live abroad in England, but as it requires no artificial heat, may 

 be preserved throughout the winter in a good green-house, 

 where it deserves a place for the beauty of its leaves : it may 

 lie propagated by laying down those shoots which are near 

 the root, but they are long in putting out roots ; to facilitate 

 this, the shoots should be twisted in the part which is laid ; 

 they should be laid in autumn, as they will then put out roots 

 sufficient to remove in the following autumn. They may also 

 be propagated by cuttings ; but this is a tedious method, as they 

 are seldom rooted enough to transplant in less than two years. 



2. Cassine Peragua. Leaves petioled, serrate, elliptic, 

 somewhat acute ; branchless ancipital. Native of Virginia 

 and Carolina. It is propagated by laying down the 

 branches, which afford shoots in plenty for that purpose from 

 the root and lower part of the stem, so as to become very 

 bushy and thick if they are not cut off; there are numbers 

 of those shrubswhich produce flowers in England every year, 

 but none of them ripen their seeds ; the leaves are frequently 

 pinched by the frost in March, when they appear so soon .- 

 it loves a light soil, not too dry, and should have a warm 

 situation ; for in exposed places, the young shoots are fre- 

 quently killed in the winter, whereby the shnibs are rendered 

 unsightly ; but where they are near the shelter of trees or 

 walls, they are very rarely hurt. 



3. Cassine Barbara. Leaves sessile, serrate-toothed, cor- 

 date, oblong ; branchlets quadrangular. Native of the Cape 



4. Cassine Maurocenia ; Great Hottentot Cherry. Leaves 

 sessile, quite entire, obovate, coriaceous. Native of the 

 Cape of Good Hope. For the propagation and culture of 

 this plant, see the first species. It ripens its fruit in the 

 winter ; and having remarkably stiff and fine green leaves, 

 makes a arood appearance when fruit abounds. 



Citssioberry Bush. See Viburnum. 



Cassyta ; a genus of the class Enneandria, order Monogy- 

 nia. GENEBIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth triphyllous, 

 very small, permanent ; leaflets semi-ovate, acute, concave, 

 erect. Corolla . petals three, roundish, acute, concave, per- 

 manent; nectary of three glands, oblong, truncate, coloured, 



length of the germen, standing round it. Stamina .- fila- 

 menta nine, erect, compressed ; two globular glands seated 

 on the sides of the base of the three interior filamenta ; an- 

 therte adjoined to the filamenta below the tip. Pistil : ger- 

 men ovate, within the corolla and calix ; style thickish, 

 length of the stamina ; stigma obscurely trifid, obtuse. Pe- 

 ricarp : receptacle growing out into a depressed globular 

 drupe, crowned with the converging calix and corolla, per- 

 forated with a navel. Seeds: nut globular, acuminate with 

 the converging stamina. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Corolla : 

 calicine, sexpartite : nectary of three truncate glands, sur- 

 rounding the receptacle ; interior filamenta glanduliferous. 

 Drupe: monospernious. These maybe propagated by cut- 

 tings, taken a week before planting, that they may have time 

 to dry ; then to be put into small pots of light sandy earth, 

 and plunged into a moderate hot-bed. The species are, 



1. Cassyta Filiformis. Filiform, lax. Stems parasitical, 

 twining, slender, succulent, branched, leafless, putting out 

 numerous warts, resembling the feet of caterpillars, by which 

 they adhere strongly to the stems and leaves of shrubs ; 

 flowers small, white, with a tinge of red ; fruit about the size 

 of a pea, white, shining, and sweet to the taste. This plant 

 grows naturally in both Indies : Jacquin found it in the island 

 of Tierra Bomba near Carthagena ; it also occurs in the 

 Society and Friendly islands. 



2. Cassyta Coniculata. Branches woody, spinous. Na- 

 tive of the mountains of the island of Celebes, among rotten 

 trunks of trees ; and of Java. 



Castilleia ; a genus of the class Didynamia, order Angio- 

 spermia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : one-leafed, ru- 

 bular, longitudinally cloven in front beyond the middle, 

 nerved, pubescent, coloured, somewhat swelling at the base, 

 compressed at top ; upper lip bifid, obtuse ; lower none. 

 Corolla : monopetalous, ringent ; upper lip very long, curved 

 inwards, emarginate, pubescent on the back ; lower very 

 short, trifid, with acute segments ; nectary two glandular 

 corpuscles, inserted into the throat of the corolla between 

 the divisions of the upper lip. Stamina : filamenta four, in- 

 serted into the base of the corolla, the length of the upper 

 lip, filiform, smooth, the lower pair a little shorter; untherte 

 twin, linear, oblique. Pistil : germen superior, oblong, com- 

 pressed ; style filiform, the length of the stamina ; ;-tignia 

 simple, obtuse. Pericarp: capsule ovate, acuminate, com- 

 pressed, even, two-celled, the partition contrary to the valves. 

 Seeds: numerous, small. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix . 

 tubular, compressed ; upper lip bifid ; lower none. Corolla : 

 lower lip trifid, with two glands between the segments. 

 Capsule: two-celled. The species are, 



1. Castilleia Fissifolia. Leaves pinnate, gashed at the tip; 

 root branched, fibrous. Stem four or five feet high, rather 

 herbaceous, erect, roundish, with few branches, pubescent. 

 Grows in New Granada. 



2. Castilleia Integrifolia. Leaves linear-lanceolate, entire; I 

 stem herbaceous, round, upright, branched, leafy, slightly 

 rough with hairs. Grows in New Granada. 



Casuarina ; a genus of the class Monoecia, order Monan- 

 <lria. GENERIC CHARACTER. Males, in a filiform ament, 

 Calix: common ament loosely imbricate, consisting of small 

 one-flowered one-leafed scales. Corolla: scales two-parted, 

 ovate, minute. Stamina: filamenta capillary, longer than 

 the calix ; antherse twin. Females, on the same plant. 

 Calix : ament, ovate-cylindric ; with ovate, acute, keeled, im- 

 bricate scales. Corolla : none. Pistil .- germen minute j 

 style filiform, longer than the calix, bifid ; stigmas two. Pe- 

 ricurp : strobile of bivalve scales, gaping perpendicularly, 

 Seeds: solitary conic, with a membranaceous edge. Ei- 



