268 



C A U 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



C E A 



2. Catesbaea Parviflora. Tube of the corolla four-cornered, 

 abbreviated ; berries roundish. Native of Jamaica. This as 

 well as the first plant may be propagated by planting cuttings 

 in small pots, filled with light earth, during the months of 

 June and July ; the pots should be plunged into a moderate 

 hot-bed of tanner's bark, and the cuttings closely covered 

 with small bell-glasses, to exclude the external air. If this 

 be properly performed, the cuttings will put out roots in 

 about two or three months, when they may be carefully 

 separated, planting each into a small pot filled with light 

 earth, and plunged into the hot-bed again, and must after- 

 wards be treated as the seedling plants. 

 Cat-Mint. See Nepeta. 

 Cats-Tail. See Typlui. 

 Cat's- Grass. See Phleum. 

 Cat-Thyme. See Teucrium. 



Caturus ; a genus of the class Dioscia, order Triandria. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Male. Calix: none. Corolla: mo- 

 nopetalous, tubular, semitrifid ; divisions ovate, concave, 

 acute, permanent. Stamina : filamenta three, capillary, 

 longer than the corolla ; anthers roundish. Female. Calix .- 

 perianth tripartite ; leaflets ovate, flat, permanent. Corolla : 

 none. Pistil : germen villose ; styles three, long, pinnate- 

 multifid; stigmas acute. Pericarp rapsule roundish, tricoc- 



cous, trilocular. Seed: solitary, round. The species are, 



1. Caturus Spiciflorus. Spikes axillary, pendulous. This 

 is a tree about twenty feet in height, with many branches 

 diffused all round ; the wood is white and close, with a thick, 

 dusky, unctuous, inodorous bark, and a yellow pith within ; 

 flowers small, of an herbaceous colour. Native of the East 

 Indies ; where a conserve of the flowers is used in the diarrhoea, 

 and all disorders arising from a laxity of the vessels. 



2 Caturus Scandens. Spikes axillary, upright ; leaves ob- 

 long, subserrate ; stem scandent. This is an unarmed shrub, 

 with a long branching stem, climbing, but without tendrils. 

 Flowers very small, white, in close short spikes, with small 

 subulate bractes. The male flower has three petals, and three 

 filamenta longer than the petals, both diverging elastically. 

 Native of the woods of Cochin-china. 



Caucalis ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Digynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. .Calix : umbel universal unequal, 

 with very few rays ; umbel partial unequal, with more co- 

 pious rays, of which the five exterior are longer. Involucre 

 universal with leaflets of the number of the rays, undivided, 

 lanceolate, membranaceous at the edge, ovate, short Invo- 

 lucre partial, with consimilar leaflets, longer than the rays, 

 often five; perianth proper five-toothed, protruded. Corolla: 

 universal difform, radiate ; disk florets abortive; proper one 

 male, small ; petals five, inflected-cordate, unequal, the 

 exterior one very large, bifid. Stamina: in all the flowers; 

 Filamenta five, capillary ; antherae small. Pistil: germen of 

 the ray oblong, rugged, inferior ; styles two, subulate ; stig- 

 mas two, spreading, obtuse. Pericarp : fruit ovate, oblong, 

 with longitudinal streaks, hispid with little rigid bristles. 

 Seeds : two, oblong, convex on one side, armed in the direc- 

 tion of the streaks with subulate points, flat on the other side. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Corolla: radiated in the disk, male. 

 Petals: index emarginate. Fruit: hispid, with bristles. 

 Involucres : entire. These plants are all annual, or at most bi- 

 ennial, and are seldom cultivated except in botanic gardens. 

 They will rise readily from seeds, where they are permitted 

 to scatter; or if any person be desirous of raising them, the 

 seeds should be sown in autumn, or soon after they are ripe. 



They will grow in any soil or situation. The species are, 



1. Caucalis Grandiflora; Great-Jlowered Bastard Parsley. 

 Each involucre five-leaved j one leaflet double the size of the 



rest. Stem very smooth and even, nearly two feet in 

 height, and branched ; leaves twice or thrice winged, finely 

 cut, pale green, slightly villose ; umbels two inches or 

 more in diameter, of from five to eight rays ; flowers white. 

 Native of the south of Europe. 



2. Caucalis Daucoidf s ; Carrot-leaved Bastard Parsley. 

 Umbels trifid, leafless ; umbellules three-seeded, three-leaved. 

 Stemafoothigh,upright,angular-grooved,branched,andeven. 

 the joints white with bristles. Native of the south of Europe. 



3. Caucalis Latifolia ; Broad-leaved Bastard Parsley. In- 

 volucres and involucrets membranaceous ; universal umbel 

 with about four rays ; bristles of the seeds clustered and his- 

 pid ; leaves pinnate, gashed, and hairy. This is the most 

 beautiful of our native umbelliferous plants; stem from afoot 

 to eighteen inches, or sometimes nearly two feet in height, 

 branched, angular, set with short prickles pointing upwards. 

 Corolla purplish ; the outer petal large, the rest small. Na- 

 tive of Germany, Switzerland, Italy, France, and England. 

 It is one of our rare plants, and has been observed in Cam- 

 bridgeshire and Hampshire, in corn-fields, flowering from 

 June to August. 



4. Caucalis Mauritanico ; Barbary Bastard Parsky. Uni- 

 versal involucre one-leafed ; partial involucres three -leaved. 

 Native of Barbary. 



5. Caucalis Orientalis ; Eastern Bastard Parsley. Umbels 

 spreading, partial ; leaflets superdecompound, lacinated; small 

 divisions linear. Stem herbaceous, round, straight, streaked, 

 branching, three feet high. Native of the Levant and China. 



6. Caucalis Leptophylla ; Fine-leaved Bastard Parsley. 

 Universal involucre scarcely any ; umbel bifid ; involucrets 

 five-leaved. Stem low, round, rugged backwards. Native 

 of the south of Europe, and of England, in corn-fields, and 

 by way-sides ; in Cambridgeshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, 

 &c. flowering in June and July. 



7- Caucalis Arvensis ; Corn Bastard Parsley. Universal 

 involucre scarcely any; seeds ovate ; styles reflex ; leaves de- 

 compound ; outmost leaflet linear-lanceolate ; stem branch- 

 ing very much. Common in England ; and growing wild 

 in Switzerland. 



8. Caucalis Anthriscus ; Hedge Bastard Parsley. Invo- 

 lucres many leaved ; seeds ovate ; styles reflex; leaves de- 

 compound ; outmost leaflet linear, lanceolate. Stem from 

 four to six feet high, upright, somewhat flexuose, round, 

 purplish, rough, covered with minute white rigid bristles, 

 pressed downwards to the stem, and scarcely visible. Dr. 

 Withering says, that horses are fond of it. It is common 

 in hedges and bushes, flowering in July and August. 



9. Caucalis Nodosa; Knotted Bastard Parsley. Umbels 

 simple, subsessile ; leaves superdecompound. Stems two, 

 three, or more, round, striated, rough, branched, commonly 

 prostrate, from a span to a cubit in length. Native of the 

 south of Europe, and of England, on the borders of corn- 

 fields, and on banks ; flowering from May till August. 



Cauliflower. See Brassica. 



Ceanothus ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one-leafed, 

 turbinate ; border five-parted, acute, close, converging, 

 permanent. Corolla : petals five, equal, roundish, of an 

 arched saccular shape, compressed, very obtuse, spreading, 

 smaller than the calix, seated on claws the length of the pe- 

 tal, growing from the interstices of the calix. Stamina : fila- 

 menta five, subulate, erect, opposite to the petals, the length 

 of the corolla ; antherae roundish. Pistil .- germen superior, 

 triangular ; style cylindric, semitrifid, the length of the sta- 

 mina ; stigma obtuse. Pericarp .- berry dry, three-grained or 

 three-celled, obtuse, rctuse, set with tubercles. Seed: soli- 



