296 



C H R 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL 



C H R 



close, cartilaginous, permanent. Corolla : chaffs extremely 

 numerous, heaped into a fascicle, setaceous, membranaceous, 

 coloured, bright, longer than the calix, permanent. Stamina . 

 filamenta solitary, between the chaffs capillary, the length 

 of the chaffs ; antherne linear, growing on each filainentuni, 

 except the tip of the filamentum. ' Pistil: germen oblong, 

 obtuse j style filiform, length of the stamina : stigmas simple. 

 Male, in a distinct plant, differing in nothing from the hcr- 

 aiaphrodite but the want of a pistil. ESSENTIAL CHARAC- 

 TER. Glume: bivalve. Corolla of numerous setaceous 

 chaffs. Stamina: many, solitary, between the chaffs. Pistil: 

 one. The only known species is, 



1. Chrysitrix Cpensis : Cape Golden Hair. Root peren- 

 nial j leaves ensiform, equitant, even, a palm or foot in length. 

 The flower comes forth from the upper edge of the scape, 

 like a fastigiate fascicle of golden bristles, straightened by a 

 cartilaginous perianth. Jussieu remarks, that this herb has 

 grassy-rooted leaves ; a compressed ancipital scape towards 

 the top, cloven on one side at the edge, putting.forth a single 

 sessile head, with one-valved coriaceous spathe below it, and 

 that the germen is sometimes abortive. Native of the Cape. 



Chrysobalanus ; a genus of the class Icosandria, order Mo- 

 nogynia. GENERIC CHARACTER Calix : perianth one- 

 leafed, bell-shaped, five-cleft; divisions expand ing, wit he ring. 

 Corolla : petals five, oblong, flat, spreading, inserted by their 

 claws into the calix. Stamina: filamenta very numerous, 

 placed in a circle, erect, inserted into the calix : anthenu small, 

 twin . Pistil : germen ovate ; style of the shape and length 

 of the stamina, inserted laterally at the base of the germen ; 

 .-tigmn obtuse. Pericarp ; drupe ovate, large, one-celled. 

 Seed .- nut ovate, marked with five furrows, wrinkled, five- 

 valved. ESSEXTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : five-cleft. Petals: 

 five. Style: lateral. Drupe: with a five-furrowed, five- 

 valved nut. The only species is, 



1. Chrysobalanus Icaco ; Cocoa Plum. It is an irregular 

 shrub, from three to ten feet high, covered with a ferruginous 

 bark, with pale spots ; leaves ovate-roundish, obtuse, on short 

 petioles, two inches long, alternate ; racemes branched, co- 

 rymbed, lax, terminating and axillary ; flowers inodorous, 

 small, with white petals, having almost the character of the 

 Plum. Fruits roundish, about an inch in diameter, red, 

 purple, yellow, whitish, or variegated : the skin is very thin, 

 and the pulp small, white, with very little smell, adhering 

 very firmly to the nut : it is of the consistence of a baked 

 apple ; the taste austere, but rather sweet, and not unplea- 

 sant : they are sold in the markets in the West Indies, and 

 are eaten both raw and preserved : the nut or stone varies in 

 form, but approaches to the ovate-acuminate, and sometimes 

 h-is six or seven angles. It is a native of theCarihbvan islands, 

 and the neighbouring continent, near the sea. There are 

 several varieties. As these trees are natives of the hot 

 regions of America, they will not thrive in England, unless 

 protected by a warm stove. They are propagated by w 

 which must be imported from their native country, and sown 

 in the spring, in small pots filled with light earth, and |>1 i 

 into a hot-bed of tanner's bark, observing to water them 

 frequently in small quantities at each time. In six weeks 

 the plants will come up, and, if properly maiia.-cd, will be fit 

 10 remove in a month after, when they should be Carefully 

 -eparated, and each planted into a small pot filled with light 

 '.itchen-ganlen earth, and then plunged into the hot-bed 

 iigain.observing to shade them from the sun till the) have taken 

 fivshroot; after which they must havoair every -day in propor- 

 tion to the warmth of the season, and their waterings should be 

 frequent, hut sparing, during the summer. In autumn remove 

 them into the bark-stove, and plunge them into the tan-bed. 



In summer they must have a good share of air, and be treated 

 as other tender plants from the same countries. 



Chrysocoiiifi ; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Poly- 

 gamia ^Equalis. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : common 

 hemispherical, imbricate ; scales linear, outwardly convex, 

 acuminate. Corolla ; compound, tubular, longer than the 

 calix ; corollets hermaphrodite, tubular, numerous, equal ; 

 proper funnel-form ; border five-cleft, revolute. Stamina : 

 filamenta five, filiform, very short : antherae cylindric, tubu- 

 lar. PiitU : germen oblong, crowned ; style filiform, scarcely 

 longer than the florets , stigmas two, oblong, depressed, in- 

 volute. Pericarp; none. Calix: scarcely changed. Seetls .- 

 solitary, ovate-oblong, compressed ; pappus hairy, liecep- 

 tacle : naked, flat. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calir : hemis- 

 pherical, imbricate. Style : scarcely longer than the florets. 

 Pappus: simple ; receptacle naked. Most of these plants 

 are perennial, and natives of the Cape of (rood Hope. 

 They may be increased by cuttings, which if planted in a 

 common border in any of the summer months, and covered 

 with hand-glasses, will easily take root, provided they be 

 shaded from the sun, and duly watered : when these have 

 gotten good roots, they should be carefully taken up, and 

 each planted in a separate pot, filled with light earth, placing 

 them in the shade till they have taken new root ; they may 

 then be exposed with other hardy exotic plants till autumn, 

 when they must be removed into the green-house during the 

 winter season; and should have a large share of fresh air in 

 mild weather, for they only require a protection from frost, 



and must not be too tenderly treated. The species are, 



* S/iriibby. 



1. Chrysocoma Oppositifolia ; Opposite-leaved GoUylocks. 

 Leaves opposite, obovate ; flowers fascicled, peduncled. 

 A shrub with brachiated distorted branches ; flowers yellow, 

 terminating. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



2. Chrysocoma C'omaurca ; Great Shrubby Gohly'urks. 

 Leaves linear, straight, smooth, decurrent by the back. This 

 rises with a ligneous stalk, about a foot high, dividing into 

 many small branches, which are garnished with deep 

 narrow leaves. The flowers are produced at the end of the 

 branches, on slender naked foot-stalks, and are of a pale 

 yellow. It is chiefly esteemed forflowering during the greater 

 part of the year ; and the seeds ripen very well in autumn.- 

 Native of the Cape. Both it and the sixth species may be 

 increased by so wing them in spring, on a border of light earth : 

 but the mode of raising them by cuttings is most expeditious, 

 and therefore most common. 



3. Chrysocoma Sericea. Shrubby, silky white : leaves 

 linear, channelled ; small branches pnnicled at top. This is 

 eisily distinguished by its very white silky leaves, bran 



and peduncles, and by its yellow flowers. The bark and 

 wood have an acrid pungent taste. Native of Spain ; where 

 it is used as a remedy for the tooth-ache. 



4. Chrysocoma Montana. Leaves oblong, quite entire ; 

 flowers solitary. Stem shrubby, with round villosc branches : 



acute, villosc ; flowers single at the ends of the branches 

 Komid upon Mount lloreb, in Palestine. 



5. Chrysocoma Patula. Undershrubhy : leaves linear, 

 smooth ; branches divaricate ; flowers terminating, solitary, 

 scarcely peduneled. Native of the Cape. 



(>. Chrysocoma Cernua ; >;// Shrubby Goldi/l 

 i,c-i-.es linear, recurve,!, subseahrous ; flowers, during im- 

 pregnation. dropping, of a brown sulphur colour, nodding on 

 Me he-tore they are blown. It flowers the greater part 

 of the year, and ripens seed very well. Native of the Cape 

 of (iood Hope. .See the second species. 



7. Chrysocoma Ciliata; lleatlt-li-ari-il t'inlilylorks. Un- 



