CIS 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



C I S 



311 



the calix ; the outer stamina are barren. Native of the 

 south of France, in the neighbourhood of Montpellier. 



1(5. Cistus Calicinus. Erect: leaves linear ; peduncles one- 

 flowered ; calices three-leaved. Stem a foot high ; branches 

 opposite, reddish ; leaves opposite, even, underneath ob- 

 tusely keeled, crowded ; leaflets from the axils ; peduncles 

 terminating, solitary, scarcely longer than the leaves ; calix 

 three-leaved, even, equal : corolla yellow, with scarcely the 

 edge red; stamina very short, yellow, all fertile; pistilwhite; 

 style very short ; stigma warted. Native of the south ot 

 Europe. 



17. Cistus Syriacus ; Syrian Cistus. Erect: leaves lan- 

 ceolate, revolute ; flowers racemed : petals yellow. Native 

 of the Levant. 



18. Cistus Fumana ; Heath-leaved Cistus. Procumbent : 

 leaves alternate, linear, rugged about the edge ; peduncles 

 one-flowered. Stem five to eight inches high, woody, more 

 or less upright, twisted, branched ; branches slender, dif- 

 fuse, lower ones often procumbent; leaves resembling those 

 of Antirrhinum Linaria, but smaller, greenish ; lower ones 

 shorter and stiffer ; flowers yellow, on a solitary peduncle ; 

 calix smooth or clothed with a very short down, sometimes 

 with a purple tint, five-leaved ; capsule three-celled, three- 

 valved. In the autumn this species is often covered with 

 tufts of leaves, in shape of roses, so as to resemble a Ledum 

 more than a Cistus. Native of Gothland, France, Switzer- 

 land, Austria, and Carniola. 



19. Cistus Canus ; Myrtle-leaved Dwarf Cistus. Procum- 

 bent : leaves opposite, obovate, villose, tomentose under- 

 neath; flowers subumbelled ; peduncles from the upper axils, 

 and those almost naked ; petals deep yellow. There is a 

 Portuguese variety, which is larger ; the leaves oval or 

 obovate-obtuse, pale ash-coloured above, tomentose-hoary 

 underneath ; umbel terminating, four-flowered. Native of 

 the south of France, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Carniola, and 

 Piedmont. 



20. Cistus Italicus ; Italian Cistus. Leaves opposite, hispid, 

 lower ovate, upper lanceolate ; branches spreading. Stem 

 erect, a span high ; branches opposite, longer, spreading, 

 somewhat deflected, rufous ; leaves with a few strigose hairs, 

 mostly twin and subciliate, the lower petioled and ovate, the 

 upper subsessile ; raceme terminal ; calices hispid ; corolla 

 pale, with the petals scarcely emarginate. It inhabits moun- 

 tains near the sea, and alpine places not much exposed to 

 the sun. 



21. Cistus Marifolius ; Marum-leaved Cistus. Leaves 

 opposite, oblong, petioled, flat, hoary underneath. Stems 

 upright, shrubby, a foot and a half high, sending out 

 branches the whole length ; leaves small, silvery, opposite, 

 smooth. The flower-stalks branch ; and the flowers, which 

 are white, are produced in short spikes at the ends of the 

 branches. Native of the south of Europe. 



22. Cistus Roseus ; Rose-Jlowered Cistus. Procumbent : 

 leaves opposite, oblong, rolled back at the edge, somewhat 

 hoary on both sides. Stem branched, diffused, shrubby at 

 the base, as are also the branches, woody, perennial, round ; 

 younger branches racemed ; leaves and calices rough ish ; 

 somewhat villose, and hoary ; leaves on short petioles, and 

 quite entire ; racemes terminating, many-flowered, erect ; 

 fruit-pedicels reflex ; three leaflets of the calix ovate, obtuse, 

 concave, the two others shorter, and very narrow ; petals 

 flesh-coloured, with a yellow base, very entire, and spreading; 

 tilamenta as well as antherse yellow; pistil green; seeds few, 

 brown. Nativeof the county of Nice and Unelia. Mr. Miller 

 informs us, that Dr. William Sherard found it growing near 

 Smyrna, and was the first who sent the seeds to England. 



23. Cistus Anglicus ; English Cistus. Procumbent : leaves 

 opposite, oblong, revolute, hairy ; flowers racemed. Stem 

 scarcely six inches high, oblique, all rugged ; leaves lance- 

 olate, like those of Ilyssop, roughish, not even, green on 

 both sides; flowers white, nodding, but erect when in bloom. 

 There is a variety with stems many, slender ; leaves resem- 

 bling those of wild thyme, but thicker, more hirsute, and 

 hoary, dark green above, paler underneath, but hoary on botli 

 sides, without any younger ones arising from the axils : on the 

 tops of the branches grow three or four, and sometimes more, 

 small, yellow flowers. This species was first observed by 

 Mr. Newton, on some rocks near Kendal in Westmoreland : 

 it has since been found at Buck-barrow Bank Scar, between 

 Brigsteer and Conswick, and about Cartmel Wells, in Lan- 

 cashire; at Betram-Beuke, about a mile west of Kendal; and 

 also in Carnarvonshire and Anglesea. It flowers in May. 



24. Cistus CElandicus. Procumbent : leaves opposite, 

 oblong, smooth on both sides. Petioles ciliate ; petals emar- 

 ginate ; racemes terminating, few-flowered, villose, erect ; 

 flowers sweet-scented ; leaflets of the calix very hairy, the 

 two outmost linear, the three inner ones ovate; petals yellow, 

 from roundish obovate, entire or slightly crenulate, scarce 

 emarginate ; stamina and pistil all yellow ; stigma large, sub- 

 quadrifid, muricate ; capsule hirsute, nodding; seeds ovate, 

 minute. 



*** Without Stipules, herbaceous. 



25. Cistus Tuberaria ; Plantain-leaved Cistus. Perennial : 

 root-leaves ovate, three-nerved, tomentose ; stem-leaves 

 smooth, lanceolate, the upper alternate. Root hard, peren- 

 nial, gradually narrower as it descends ; stem a foot high, 

 simple, villose at the bottom ; root-leaves spreading on the 

 ground, narrowed to wards the base, white underneath; stem- 

 leaves sessile, distant, opposite, except the uppermost which 

 are alternate ; flowers on the top of the stem in a sort of 

 corymb; the two outer leaflets of the calix shorter, and lan- 

 ceolate, the three inner ovate, acuminate, concave ; corolla 

 yellow; capsule globular, three-valved. Nativeof Spain, in 

 Catalonia, and near Benicasi, in Valencia, also of the south 

 of France, and about Pisa. 



2G. Cistus Guttatus ; Annual Spotted-flowered Cistus. 

 Leaves opposite, lanceolate, three-nerved; racemes without 

 bractes. Root annual ; stem upright, five or six inches high ; 

 that, and the rest of the plant, covered with spreading hairs ; 

 leaves sessile, three or four pairs; raceme filiform, terminat- 

 ing; peduncles longer, slender, often without bractes ; 

 flowers erect, but when just out of bloom pendent; two-leaf- 

 lets of the calix spreading ; petals yellow, with a very dark 

 purple spot approaching to black at the base. Native of 

 the south of Europe, in sandy soils. Columna and Ray 

 remarked it at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, without any spots 

 in the corolla. It was observed by Brewer, in sandy pas- 

 tures, on Llechddue, near Holyhead, Anglesea, flowering in 

 June ; and by Dr. William Sherard on the west side of the 

 Isle of Jersey, near Grosnez Castle. 



27. Cistus Canadensis; Canadian Cistus. All the leaves 

 alternate, lanceolate; stem ascending; perennial. Found in 

 Canada, by Kalm. 



**** Wiih Stipuks, herbaceous. 



28. Cistus Ledifolius ; Ledum-leaved Cistus. Erect, smooth: 

 flowers solitary, subsessile, opposite to a ternateleaf; calix 

 longer than the corolla, which is of a pale yellow ; seeds 

 angular, of a ferruginous red colour, not nmcilagipous. 

 This plant assumes different appearances, according to the 

 soil and situation. In a good soil, if the plants stand single, 

 and are not injured by weeds, they will rise nearly a foot 

 and a half high, the leaves will be two inches and a half long, 



