C L I 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



C L I 



327 



roundish, at the ends of the branchlets, intrenched in the 

 leaves ; bractes smaller than the leaves, involving each flower, 

 trifid, hirsute on the outside, spiny, with a sharp membra- 

 naceous, hairy leaflet, near the base 'On each side. This is 

 not so hardy as the preceding species, which see ; it will 

 therefore require more tender treatment. 



4. Cliffortia Ferruginea. Leaves lanceolate, setaceous, ser- 

 rate. The stems are like those of knotgrass, filiform, usually- 

 prostrate, even, branching ; branches short, ferruginous, 

 herbaceous ; flowers axillary, sessile, trifid. 



5. Cliffortia Graminea. Leaves cnsiform, serrulate ; pe- 

 tioles dilated, terminated by two stipule-shaped awns. Stems 

 many together, two feet high, scarcely branching, striated, 

 covered with leaves ; which are approximating, erect, con- 

 volute, smooth, striated, acute ; petioles broad, connected 

 with the leaves by a joint. 



6. Cliffortia Polygonifolia. Leaves linear, hairy. An un- 

 dershrub, about a foot high, much branched, villose ; leaves 

 Tery small, apparently in alternate fascicles, but growing 

 three together upon each small sheath ; capsules smaller 

 than a grain of wheat. 



7. CiiffortiaFilifolia. Leaves filiform, triquetrous, smooth, 

 quite entire. Branches naked, upright, alternate, gray, 

 pubescent, round. 



'* With compound Leaves. 



8. Cliffortia Crenata. Leaves binate, orbiculate, crenulate. 

 An erect shrub, rather large ; leaves alternate.sessile, smooth, 

 size of a finger-nail ; flowers axillary, solitary, trifid. 



9. Cliffortia Pulchella. Leaves binate, orbiculate, quite 

 entire. The leaves are converging, and guarding the flowers 

 in the cavity which they form, beautifully adorned on the 

 outside with radiating nerves. 



10. Cliffortia Trifoliata. Leaves ternate, the middle three- 

 toothed. Stems slender, woody, procumbent, silky with hairs, 

 and sending out slender branches on every side ; flowers axil- 

 lary, on very short peduncles, shaped like those of the second 

 species, but smaller : they appear in July and August. It 

 requires the same management as the second species, and is 

 equally hardy. As there are only male plants in Europe, it 

 can only be propagated by layers, and these are two years 

 before they take root : the leaves continue green all the year, 

 and being singularly shaped, make a good variety in the 

 green-house during winter. 



11. Cliffortia Sarmentosa. Leaves ternate, linear, villose. 

 Stem shrubby, sarmentose, filiform, four feet high ; branches 

 alternate, short, simple, round, pubescent ; flowers lateral, 

 axillary, sessile, solitary, white. 



12. Cliffortia Strobilifera. Leaves ternate, linear, acute, 

 even. A shrub, with round smooth branches ; stipules 

 sheathing, scariose, subovate, having two teeth, smooth, 

 permanent ; leaves sessile, carinated or keeled, on a very 

 short sheathing petiole. 



13. Cliffortia Obcordata. Leaves ternate; leaflets round- 

 ish, the middle one obcordate. An erect lowly shrub, with 

 distich branches ; leaves small, sessile, obovate, nerveless, 

 very obtuse, quite entire, smooth ; flowers in the axils of the 

 leaves sessile, not longer than the leaves. 



14. Cliffortia Ternata. Leaves ternate ; leaflets entire, 

 hairy. A shrub, with small, ovate, lanceolate, hairy leaflets ; 

 very different from the rest of the genus. 



15. Cliffortia Juniperina. Leaves ternate, triquetrous, 

 subulate, crowded. A shrub, resembling Juniper, erect, 

 three feet in height, branching very much ; leaves on a 

 broadish, short, scarcely perceptible peduncle ; leaflets 

 acerose. linear, channelled, mucronate, slightly serrated ; 

 flowers axillary, sessile. 



16. Cliffortia Falcata. Leaves ternate, linear, falcated, 

 smooth. A shrub, a foot in height, erect, branching strict ; 

 leaves often three from each bud : leaflets sharpish, incurved. 



17- Cliffortia Teretifolia. Leaves fascicled, columnar, 

 subulate, incurved, smooth, entire. 



18. Cliffortia Ericeefolia. Leaves fascicled, columnar, fur- 

 rowed, smooth. 



19. Cliffortia Cuneata. Leaves wedge-shaped, serrated at 

 the end. All the species are natives of the Cape. 



Cllnopodlum ; a genus of the class Didynamia, order Gym- 

 nospermia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: involucre many- 

 bristled, length of the perianth, placed beneath the whorl ; 

 perianth one-leafed, cylindric, very slightly incurved, with 

 a two-lipped mouth; upper lip wider, trifid, acute, reflected; 

 lower lip divided, slender, inflected. Corolla .- one-petalled, 

 ringent ; tube short, gradually widened into the throat ; 

 upper lip erect, concave, obtuse, emarginate ; lower lip 

 trifid, obtuse ; middle segments wider, emarginate. Sta- 

 mina : filamenta four, under the upper lip of which two are 

 shorter than the others ; antherae roundish. Pistil : germen 

 four-parted ; style filiform, the same situation and length 

 with the stamina ; stigma simple, acute, compressed. Pe- 

 ricarp; none ; calix contracted round the neck, gibbous 

 round the body, containing the seeds, keeds : four, ovate. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Involucre, many-bristled, under 

 the whorl. These plants may be propagated by seeds, and 

 also by parting their roots ; the latter is the mode generally 

 adopted in England, because the foreign sorts do not perfect 

 their seeds here. The best time to transplant and part their 

 roots is in autumn, that they may strike root again before 

 winter : if planted in a dry soil, they are all, except the third 

 species, sufficiently hardy to thrive in the open air in Eng- 

 land, and require no other care but to keep them clean from 

 weeds ; and every other year they may be transplanted and 

 parted. The species are, 



1. Clinopodium Vulgare ; Wild Basil. Whorls hairy ; 

 bractes bristle-shaped ; pedicels branched ; leaves slightly 

 serrated. Root perennial, fibrous ; stems somewhat undu- 

 lated, but not regularly zig-zag ; flowers purplish, rose- 

 coloured, whorled, the whorls terminal and axillary ; calix 

 ribbed, hairy; corolla twice the length of the calix, hand- 

 some, with two hairy knobs at the orifice. The whole herb 

 is aromatic, with a faint Thyme-like odour. Native of Eng- 

 land, and other parts of Europe, on the borders of woods 

 and in dry hilly situations, flowering in June. There are 

 three varieties ; one from' Canada, differing in the flowers 

 being much smaller ; two from Carolina, one which Miller 

 calls humile, only half the size of the European sort ; the 

 other Carolinianum, with round stems, the joints four or five 

 inches asunder, with two oblong leaves at each, hairy on their 

 under side, having white flowers in small' whorls. 



2. Clinopodium Incanum ; Hoary Clinopodium. Leaves 

 tomentose underneath ; whorls flatted ; bractes lanceolate. 

 Root perennial; stems about two feet high, putting out a few 

 short side-branches towards the upper part; leaves oblong, 

 oval, the size of those of Water Mint, opposite, sessile, soft 

 to the touch, with a strong odour between that of Marjoram 

 and Basil, the upper surface pale green, the under hoary and 

 woolly; the edges are slightly indented; whorls flat, smooth, 

 generally three ; flowers pale purple, the stamina standing 

 out beyond the corolla; the bractes large, lanceolate, indented. 

 Native of North America, where in some parts it is called 

 snake-weed, being accounted a remedy for the bite of the 

 rattlesnake. It Mowers in England in July. 



S. Clinopodium Rugosum ; Wrinkled Clinopodium. Leaves 

 wrinkled : heads axillary, peduncled, flatted, radiated ; root 



