328 



C L I 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



C L U 



perennial ; stems closely covered with brownish hairs, and 

 between two and three feet high ; leaves very unequal in size, 

 serrate, rough on their upper side, hairy on the under ; 

 peduncles slender, hairy, about three feet long, sustaining 

 small heads of flowers shaped like those of the scabious ; 

 corolla white, smaller than that of the foregoing ; bractes 

 radiate. It flowers in September, but never ripens its seeds 

 in England. Native of Carolina. 



4. Clinopodium Capitatum. Leaves flat, smooth ; head 

 axillary, peduncled. Stems suffruticose, two or three feet 

 high. The whole plant is inodorous. Native of the West 

 Indies. See Hyptis Capitata. 



5. Clinopodium Asiaticum. Leaves oblong, nerved, 

 wrinkled, tomentose underneath; spike whorled, terminating. 

 Stem suffruticose, two feet and a half high, erect, quadran- 

 gular, four-furrowed, simple, villose; flowers violet-coloured 

 in interrupted whorls, forming an oblong spike, with sharp 

 hirsute involucres. Native of Cochin-china. 



Clitoria ; a genus of the class Diadelphia, order Decandria. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth one-leafed, erect, 

 tubular, five-toothed, permanent. Corolla: papilionaceous; 

 standard very large, straight, emarginate, waved at the 

 margin, spreading, and overshadowing the other petals ; 

 wings oblong, straight, obtuse, shorter than the standard ; 

 keel shorter than .the wings, falcated, somewhat roundly. 

 Stamina : in two-brotherhowds, (simple and nine-cleft) 

 antherae simple. Pistil: germen oblong ; style ascending; 

 stigma obtuse. Pericarp: legume very long, linear, com- 

 pressed, one-celled, two-valved, with the tip subulate. Seeds: 

 many, reniform. ESSENTIAL, CHARACTER. Corolla .- in- 

 verted. Standard : very large, spreading, overshadowing the 

 wings. The seeds of these plants should be sown upon a 

 good hot-bed early in the spring, and when the plants are 

 two incites high, they should be carefully taken up, and each 

 planted in a small pot filled with light fresh earth, and 

 plunged into a hot-bed of tanner's bark, observing to shade 

 them until they have taken fresh root, and refresh them with 

 water as they may require it : after they are well rooted in 

 the pots, they must have air every day in proportion to the 

 warmth of the season, to prevent their drawing up weak; their 

 waterings should be repeated sparingly two or three times a 

 week. As these plants have climbing stalks, they will soon 

 grow too tall to remain under common frames, therefore they 

 must then be removed into the stove, and plunged into the 

 bark-bed ; but if their roots have filled the pots, they should 

 then be removed into larger, and afterwards they must be 

 treated in the same manner as other plants from their native 

 countries. The species are, 



1. Clitoria Ternata ; Winged-leaved Clitoria. Leaves pin- 

 nate. It rises with a twining herbaceous stalk, to the 

 height of four or five feet, in the same manner as the Kidney- 

 bean, and requires the like sup[K>rt, for in the places where 

 it grows naturally, it twists itself about the neighbouring 

 plants : the leaves are winged, composed of two or three pair 

 of leaflets, terminated by an odd one ; these are of a beautiful 

 green colour, and are placed alternate on the stalks : from 

 the appendages of the leaves come out the peduncles, each 

 of which is encompassed by two very fine leaves about the 

 middle, where they are bent, sustaining a very large gaping 

 beautiful flower, the bottom part of which appears as if it 

 grew to the top : legumes three or four inches long, narrow, 

 lenticular-compressed, without knots or risings above the 

 seeds, terminated by the longish awl-shaped style; seeds soli- 

 tary, from seven to twelve, ovate-kidney-shuped, of a chest- 

 nut-brown colour. The flowers have a green membranaceous 

 calix ; the corolla is blue, and stains paper like Indigo, but 



the dye is not permanent. Native of the East Indies and 

 Cochin-china. There is a variety with white flowers, and 

 another with blue flowers, very double ; which is a singularity 

 in the leguminous class of plants. 



2. Clitoria Brasiliana ; Brasilian Clitoria. Leaves ternate ; 

 calices solitary, bell-form. It has a twining stem, which 

 rises five or six feet high, having at each joint one ternate 

 leaf on a long petiole : the flowers come out singly from the 

 axils, on long peduncles, encompassed about the middle with 

 two small oval leaves ; they are very large, of a fine blue 

 colour, and make an elegant appearance in July. Native of 

 Brazil. There is a variety with double flowers, which wag 

 imported from India. 



3. Clitoria Virginiana ; Small-flowered Clitoria. Leaves 

 ternate ; calices geminate, bell-form. Root perennial; stem 

 about three feet high, twining, slender, hairy ; leaflets egg- 

 shaped, hairy; flowers in short spikes or racemes ; standard 

 externally of a dull yellow colour, pubescent ; wingsandkeel 

 pale lilac ; legume narrow, with prominent sutures. This 

 species being tender, and flowering with difficulty in our 

 climate, the flowers frequently come out singly in our stoves; 

 which accounts for the difference between Mr. Miller's de- 

 scription and the Linnean character. Dillenius also observes, 

 that the flowers are very apt to fall off. Native of Virginia, 

 Jamaica, and generally of the West Indies. 



4. Clitoria Mariana ; Maryland Clitoria. Leayes ternate, 

 calices cylindric. The seeds of this species were imported 

 from Carolina, where they grow naturally : it rises with a 

 twining weak stalk about five feet high, having trifoliate 

 leaves ; the flowers come out by pairs, they are small, and 

 of a pale blue colour within, but of a dirty white on the out- 

 side. N.itive of Carolina: it flowers in August, but seldom 

 ripens any seed in England. 



5. Clitoria Galactia ; Milky Clitoria : Leaves ternate ; 

 raceme erect ; flowers pendulous. Stem about six feet high, 

 twining, weak ; leaflet elliptic-oblong, obtuse ; flowers red- 

 dish; calix four-toothed, short, campanulate; corolla u little 

 papilionaceous. Native of Jamaica, found chiefly in the lower 

 hills : it is easily distinguished by its long reddish flowers, 

 milky branches, and smooth leaves. 



Clivers, or Cleavers. See Gallium Aparine. 



Cloud Berry. See Rubus. 



Clove. See Caryophyllus. 



Clove Pink. See Dianthut. 



Clover. See Trifolium. 



Clown i All-heal. See Stachyi. 



Club-Moss. See Lycopodium. 



Club-Rush. See Scirpus. 



Clusia ; a genus of the class Polygamia, order Monoecia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth four, five, or six. 

 leaved, imbricate ; leaflets concave, permanent, the interior 

 ones gradually smaller. Corolla: petals four, five, or six, 

 roundish, spreading, concave, large. Stamina : filamenta 

 many, simple, shorter than the corolla ; ant hone simple, 

 growing to the side of the tip. Pistil: germen ovate-ob- 

 long ; style none ; stigma starred, flat, obtuse, permanent. 

 Pericarp: capsule ovate, marked with furrows, celled, the 

 valves bursting in a radiate manner. Seeds: numerous, 

 ovate, covered with pulp, affixed to a columnar angulated 

 receptacle. Observe. The number in the fruit differs from 

 four to twelve, according to the proportion observed in the 

 stigma, valves, cells, &c.: some of the flowers are sterile 

 with respect to the m:ile organs, and others with respect to 

 the female. In the female flowers a nectary is formed by the 

 coalition of the antherae, including the germen. ESSBVTIAI. 

 HARACTEB. Male. Calix : four or MX leaved ; leaflet* 



