330 



C L U 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



C L Y 



entire. The flowers come out from the joints, at the setting 

 on of the leaves, towards the upper part of the branches 

 they are small, and of a greenish white, flourishing from June 

 till August, but not remarkable for their beauty. Native o" 

 Africa. This, and the third species, are easily propagated 

 by cuttings during any of the summer months : the cuttings, 

 if planted in small pots, and plunged into a very moderate 

 hot-bed, shaded from the heat of the sun in the middle of the 

 day, will soon take root, and should afterwards be inured to 

 the open air, to prevent them from being drawn up weak ; 

 afterwards these plants may be each put into a separate small 

 pot, and placed in a sheltered situation till the middle oi 

 October, or later, if the weather continue mild. They should 

 afterwards be removed into the green-house, and so placed 

 that they may enjoy the free air in mild weather, for they do 

 not require much warmth, but merely to be protected from 

 frost ; and if the green-house be too closely shut up, or the 

 plants too much shaded by others, the tender shoots will grow 

 mouldy, which destroys more of these plants than the cold. 

 They must be placed abroad in summer among other hardy 

 exotics, in a sheltered situation. As these plants are always 

 green, they look well in the green-house during the winter 

 season ; and in summer, when they are placed in the open air, 

 make a pleasing contrast with the other exotics. 



2. Cluytia Polygonoides. Leaves lanceolate ; flowers axil- 

 lary, very many. The flowers are usually two together, pen- 

 dulous, aid small. Native of the Cape. 



3. Cluytia Pulchella ; Broad-leaved Cluytia. Leaves ovate, 

 quite entire ; flowers lateral. This rises about three or four 

 feet high, has a stronger stem than the first species ; the 

 leaves are much larger, sea-green, and on petioles an inch 

 long ; flowers greenish-white, axillary. Native of Africa. 



4. Cluytia Hirta. Leaves wedge-shaped, smooth ; flowers 

 lateral, glomerate, hirsute. It is a very branching shrub : 

 the flowers come out towards the ends of the branches and 

 branchlets, andaresubsessile; petals oblong, minute, smooth. 

 Found at the Cape. 



5. Cluytia Tomentosa. Leaves elliptic, tomentose on both 

 sides. A shrub three feet in height, very branching, erect, 

 tubercled with the scars of fallen leaves ; branches round, 

 pubescent ; flowers lateral, solitary, sessile, longer than the 

 leaves, white; calix five-toothed, tomentose on the outside. 

 It flowers in May. Found on the sandy shores of the Cape. 



6. Cluytia Retusa. Leaves oval, retuse; flowers racemed, 

 axillary. Leaves on short petioles, alternate ; petals three- 

 toothed; flowers very small; racemes axillary; no nectaries, but 

 a ring surrounding the receptacle. Native of the East Indies. 



7. Cluytia Eluteria; Maritime Cluytia, or Sea-side Balsam. 

 Leaves cordate-lanceolate. This is a tree with round 

 branches ; according to Miller, it rises with an upright 

 shrubby stalk, not more than three or four feet high in Eng- 

 land ; but in places where it grows naturally it reaches more 

 than twenty feet in height, with branches forming a large 

 spreading head. The leaves are shaded like those of the 

 black Poplar. On breaking the more tender branches, a 

 large drop of thick balsamic liquor oozes from the wound : 

 whence it has the appellation of Balsam-tree. The leaves and 

 tender tops are said to heal sores, and are frequently used in 

 baths and fomentations. The cortex cascarilla: is supposed 

 to be the produce of this tree. Stisser recommended it, at 

 the end of the last century, as a powerful diuretic and carmi- 

 native ; and he used it with success in calculous, asthmatic, 

 phthisical, scorbutic, and arthritic complaints : since that, it 

 has been used in Germany for the Peruvian bark, in intermit- 

 tent fevers; and the German physicians have given it much 

 credit as an astringent, having employed it in haemorrhages 



and various alvine fluxes. Native of both Indies. This plant 

 will live through our winters in an airy glass-case. If the 

 Cluytias be placed when young in a very moderate warmth in 

 winter, it will greatly forward their growth ; but they must 

 not be forced with too much heat, and may be treated more 

 hardily when they have acquired strength. The seventh spe- 

 cies may be propagated by cuttings during the summer season, 

 but the cuttings should be laid in a dry place for a few days, 

 after they are taken from the old plants, that their wounded 

 parts may dry and be healed over before they are planted. 

 These must be planted in small pots filled with light sandy 

 earth, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed of tanner's bark : 

 if the season prove very warm, the glasses should be shaded 

 in the heat of the day, and raised up to admit the fresh air, 

 but they must be sparingly watered : when they begin to 

 shoot, they should be gradually inured to the open air; and 

 when their roots have filled the pots, they should be carefully 

 parted, and each planted in a separate pot of the same light 

 sandy earth ; they then should be placed on the back part 

 of the stove, behind the other plants, where they may be 

 screened from the sun until they have taken fresh root, after 

 which they may be brought forward, and exposed gradually 

 to the open air. In the summer they should have free air 

 constantly in warm weather, but must be screened from heavy 

 rain, and placed in winter in an airy glass-case, where they 

 may enjoy the sun, and during that season have very little 

 moisture admitted to them. 



8. Cluytia Stipularis. Leaves oval, tomentose underneath. 

 Branches flexuose, tomentose ; flowers axillary, subsessile, 

 not longer than the stipules, dark purple ; style columnar, 

 scarcely trifid at the end. Native of the East Indies. 



9. Cluytia Acuminata. Herbaceous: leaves ovate, smooth, 

 obtuse, with a point ; flowers axillary, solitary. Native of 

 the Cape. 



10. Cluytia Lanceolata. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate; flow- 

 ers lateral, tomentose ; leaves broad lanceolate, above two 

 inches long, without any dots beneath, few above, and visible 

 only with a magnifier ; calices villose-tomentose ; capsules 

 not dotted. Native of Egypt. 



Clypeola; a genus of the class Tetradynamia, or. lor 

 Siliculosa. GENKRIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth four- 

 leaved ; leaflets ovate-oblong, permanent. Corolla : four- 

 Detailed, cruciform ; petals oblong, entire ; claws rather 

 longer than the calix. Stamina : filamenta six, shorter than 

 the corolla, the two opposite ones still shorter ; anthers 

 simple. Pistil: germen roundish, compressed; style simple; 

 stigma obtuse. Pericarp: silicle orbiculate, emarginate, Hat, 

 compressed, erect, deciduous, bivalve ; valves orbiculate. 

 Seeds: orbiculate in the centre of the pericarp. ESSKNTIAL 

 DHARACTKR. Silicle: emarginate, orbiculate, compres.-ed, 

 lat, deciduous. This genus consists of low plants of little 

 jeauty, which are preserved chiefly in botanic gardens. 

 The species are, 



1. Clypeola Jonthlaspi ; Annual Treacle- Mustard, or 

 Buckler-Mustard. Annual : silicles orbiculate, one-celled, 

 one-seeded. A low annual plant, seldom exceeding four 

 nches high ; stem slender, hardish, upright, branched at the 

 jottom, tinged with red, covered with short whitish hairs ; 

 eaves spatulate, alternate, sessile, glaucous, with minute stars 

 )f hairs over the surface; flowers in terminating spikes, and 

 ery minute ; corolla yellow, the size of the calix ; style 

 carcely visible with a magnifying glass. Native of the south 

 jf France, Spain, and Italy, flowering there from March to 

 May, but in England from May to July. If the seeds be 

 cattered on a border of light earth, the plants will thrive 

 vithout further care. 



