358 



CON 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



CON 



10t>. Convolvulus Crenatus. Tomentose, silky : leaves cor- 

 date-oblong, extremely blunt, crenulate ; peduncles one-flow- 

 ered. Stem twining; leaves nerved, mucroriate; ears straight, 

 oblong, obtuse; stigma slightly bifid. Native of Brazil. 



107. Convolvulus Quinquelobus. Leaves palmate, five- 

 lobed, serrulate, blunt, smooth ; axils tomentose ; peduncles 

 one-flowered. Stem smooth, round, twining; corolla almost 

 bell-shaped, smooth, purple. Native of Santa Cruz. 



108. Convolvulus Venosus. Very smooth : leaves digitate, 

 quinate ; leaflets petioled, acuminate, quite entire ; pedun- 

 cles many-flowered. Stem twining, round, smooth ; corolla 

 funnel-shaped. Native country unknown. 



109. Convolvulus Tenuifolius. Leaves digitate, in fives ; 

 leaflets linear ; peduncles four or five flowered. The whole 

 of this plant is smooth: stem angular, twining; peduncles 

 axillary, short, upper ones sometimes one-flowered ; calix 

 smooth, with oblong leaflets ; stigma acute. Native of the 

 West Indies. 



HO. Convolvulus Saxatilis. Extremely hirsute: leaves 

 linear; flowers in heads; calices acuminate. This differs 

 from the forty-seventh species, which it otherwise resembles, 

 in being wholly covered witha lanuginous shagginess, instead 

 of the silvery-shining, appressed, scarcely distinct hairs, as 

 that is ; and in having linear-subulate calicine leaflets, and 

 subsessile flowers. Native of Spain. 



111. Convolvulus Ammanii. Leaves linear; peduncles 

 one-flowered ; bractes long ; calix acute. The whole plant 

 is covered with a short silky silvery down. Root perennial ; 

 stems four to six inches high, slender, cylindrical, branched, 

 rather erect ; leaves alternate, sessile ; flowers campanulate, 

 pale white, starred with purple lines. Native of Siberia. 



112. Convolvulus Maritimus. Leaves emarginate, two- 

 lobed, wedge-shaped at the base; peduncles many-flowered; 

 stem decumbent, throwing out roots. The whole plant is 

 smooth. Stems cylindrical; leaves alternate, thick, fleshy; 

 flowers purple, large, bell-shaped ; peduncles three to six 

 flowered ; calix leaves egg-shaped ; capsules roundish ; seeds 

 four. Native of the isle of France, and the East Indies. 



113. Convolvulus Evolvuloides. Leaves spatule-shaped, 

 obtuse, hairy; upper ones embracing the stem; stem declin- 

 ing; flowers solitary, sessile. Root annual. Native of Cyprus. 



Conyza . a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Polygamia 

 Superflua. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: common, imbri- 

 cate, roundish, squarrose ; scales acute, the outer somewhat 

 spreading. Corolla : compound, tubulose ; corollets her- 

 maphrodite, numerous, tubular in the disk ; females apetalous, 

 roundish in the circuit : proper of the hermaphrodite funnel- 

 forns ; border five-cleft, patulous ; of the females, funnel- 

 form ; border three-cleft. Stamina : in the hermaphrodites ; 

 filamcnta five, capillary, very short ; anther cylindric, tubular. 

 Pistil, in the hermaphrodites : germen oblong; style filiform, 

 length of the stamina ; stigma two-cleft : in the females, ger- 

 men oblong ; style filiform, length of the hermaphrodite, 

 more slender ; stigmas two, very slender. Pericarp : none; 

 calix converging. Seeds: to the hermaphrodites, solitary, 

 oblong ; down simple : to the females, solitary, oblong ; 

 down simple. Receptacle: naked, flat. ESSENTIAL CHA- 

 RACTER. Calix: imbricate, roundish. Corolla: of the ray 



three-cleft. Down : simple. Receptacle : naked. The 



species are, 



1 . Conyza Squarrosa ; Great Fleabane, or Plowman's 

 Spikenard. Leaves lanceolate, acute ; stem herbaceous, co- 

 rymbed ; calices squarrose. Root biennial ; stems a foot in 

 height, upright, panicled at the end, purplish, with a white 

 woolliness ; branches straight. Numerous flowering heads 

 terminate the stem and branches, on short downy peduncles. 



with each a small lanceolate hracte ; corollas yellow, yellow- 

 ish, or dusky purple; florets without pistils, in the circum- 

 ference with pistils; individuals, with only pistils slightly 

 cloven into three, have at first sight the appearance of a 

 funnel-shaped floret, but are really more of the nature of a 

 ligulate floret; seeds small, blackish, longitudinally furrowed, 

 crowned with a sessile feather, with simple rays as long ;is 

 the calix. , The smell is slightly but not ungratefully aromatic. 

 Tragus reports it to be an emmenagogue, but it is scarcely 

 known otficinally. It is disputed, says Hill, whether thi." 

 species of Fleabane, or another which is smaller and has 

 globous flowers, have the greater virtue; but the majority 

 contend for this. The juice of the whole plant cures the itch 

 by external application, and the very smell of the herb is 

 said to destroy fleas. Meyrick informs us, that it is reckoned 

 a good wound-herb, and frequently taken in decoction for 

 bruises, ruptures, inward wounds, pains in the .side, and dif- 

 ficulty of breathing. Native of Denmark, Germany, Holland, 

 France, Switzerland, Carniola, and Piedmont, chiefly upon 

 dry mountainous pastures, by hedge-sides, and in woods. In 

 Great Britain it is generally found upon a calcareous soil, 

 as at Shelford, Whittlesford, Hildersham, and Abington, in 

 Cambridgeshire; it is common in a clayey soil in the woods 

 of Norfolk; also in Charlton wood, and near Dartford and 

 Greenhithe, in Kent; near Harefield in Middlesex, and Fins- 

 head in Northamptonshire also ; but not commonly in Scot- 

 land. It flowers from July to October, and being a native is 

 seldom admitted into gardens. If the seeds be permitted to 

 scatter, the plants will come up in the following spring, and 

 require no other care but to keep them clean from weeds. 



2. Conyza Linifolia ; Flax-leaved Fleabane. Stems a foot 

 or a foot and half in height, erect, hardish, green ; leaves like 

 those of Hyssop, only more obtuse, smooth, and stiff; branches 

 slender, straight at the top of the stems ; flowers on short 

 peduncles, terminating ; florets white, slender, reflex. It 

 flowers in August and September, and is a hardy perennial. 

 Native of North America. 



8. Conyza Sordida; Small-flowered Fleabane. Leaves 

 linear, quite entire ; peduncles long, three-flowered ; stem 

 undershrubby, like that of Lavender, branched and white ; 

 peduncles straight, usually three-flowered at the end ; cali- 

 cine scales brown at the edge. Native of the south of Eu- 

 rope. It flowers from July to September. It may be kept 

 in a green-house, dry-stove, or glass-case. 



4. Conyza Saxatilis ; Rock Fleabane. Leaves linear, 

 almost entire, tomentose underneath ; peduncles very long, 

 one-flowered ; calicine leaves subulate. Leaves heaped at 

 bottom ; peduncles naked; calicine scales black at the edge ; 

 stems first procumbent, then erect ; calices cylindric, 



lous and membranaceous at the end ; very many naked female 

 florets in the circumference. Native of Spain, Italy, Istria, 

 Carinthia, the Valais, Palestine, and the Cape of Good Hope. 

 Mr. Ray found it in abundance on walls and rocks about Mi -- 

 sina in Sicily. It requires the protection of a green-house, 

 dry-stove, or glass-case, in our climate. 



5. Conyza Canescens ; Hoary Fleabane. Leaves linear ; 

 panicle fastigiate. The whole plant is hoary; stems al 

 simple, columnar, striated, with short lateral branches ; 

 subovate, shorter by half than the flower and down; flower 

 purple, and mixed with the down. Native of the Cape of 

 Good Hope. It requires the same protection as the preced- 

 ing species in our climate. 



6. Conyza Rupestris ; African Fleabane. Leaves spatu- 

 late, somewhat toothed, tomentose ; stem undershrubby : 

 peduncles elongated, one-flowered ; corollas yellow, with very 

 numerous florets. Native of Arabia. This, and the seventh. 



