COP 



OK. BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



COR 



361 



each joint is produced one pretty large white flower, with a 

 purple calix ; these flowers come out the whole length of the 

 small branches, sitting close to the base of the leaves, so 

 that the plants make a pretty appearance when in flower. 

 ; ire of Carthagena in New Spain. 



3{>. Conyza Spicata. Stem somewhat shrubby, simple; 

 leaves ovate-lanceolate, finely serrated, downy underneath ; 

 spike terminal, dense, entire. The stem is a foot and a half 

 hieh, erect, striated with green and white ; leaves three to 

 four inches long; flowers sessile; calix clothed with a thick 

 down. Native of South America. 



40. Conyza Pedunculata. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, three- 

 nerved ; peduncles very long, terminating 1 ; flowers in 

 corymbs. It rises with a shrubby stem to the height of six 

 or seven feet, dividing into several branches, which have a 

 dark brown bark ; the flowers are purple, and form a kind 

 of round bunch. Native of Campeachy. 



41. Conyza Baccharis. Leaves ovate-oblong, obtuse, ser- 

 rate, half stem-clasping ; flowers in terminating corymbs. 

 Stem shrubby, ten or twelve feet high, sending out many 

 s-trong woody branches, covered with a dark-coloured bark. 

 The flowers are purple, and are succeeded by flat seeds. 

 Native of Campeachy. 



42. Conyza Purpurascens. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, ser- 

 rate, subtomentose ; stem subherbaceous, simple at bottom, 

 oorymbed at top ; flowers ovate. The flowers are purple, 

 and are produced in round bunch-; 1 ; at the end of the branches. 

 Browne says it seldom rises above sixteen or twenty inches 

 high, towards the top throwing out many branches : the 

 smell of the flowers is agreeable, and they are kept by some 

 people among their clothes, to preserve them from moths. 

 Native of the low marshy lands of Jamaica. 



43. Conyza Kigida. Leaves petioled, obovate, entire, 

 rugged, veined underneath ; spikes flexuose ; flowers in pairs, 

 all directed the same way. Native of Jamaica. 



Copaifera; a genus of the class Decandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calir : none. Corolla: pe- 

 tals four, oblong, acute, concave, very spreading. Stamina ; 

 fllamenta ten, filiform, incurved, a little longer than the 

 oorolla; antherae oblong, incumbent. Pistil: germen round, 

 compressed, flat, pedicelled ; style filiform, incurvate, length 

 of the stamina; stigma obtuse. Pericarp: legume ovate, 

 bivalve, pointed with part of the style. Seed: single, ovate, 

 involved by a berried aril. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: 

 none. Petals : four. Legume : ovate. Seed : one, with a 

 berried aril. The only known species is, 



1. Copaifera Officinalis ; Balsam nf Ctipiri Tree. This is 

 a lofty elegant tree, with a handsome head ; the extreme 

 branches at the axils are flexuose, and have a smoothish bark, 

 of a brownish ash-colour. It is a native of South America, 

 and common near Tola, about sixty leagues from Carthagena. 

 This tree yields very considerable quantities of a fluid balsam 

 or resin, which is obtained by perforating the trunk, and 

 thickens by degrees. It is known in medicine by the title of 

 balsamum capivi, and has an agreeable smell, with a bitterish 

 taste ; on being shaken, easily unites with water, making the 

 liquor turbid and milky, but soon separates, and rises to the 

 surface when suffered to stand. Dropped on sugar, or tritu- 

 rated with thick mucilages, or with whites of eggs, it becomes 

 more permanently miscible with water into a uniform milky 

 fluid, in which form it is generally taken, as well as mixed 

 with powders in a bolus or electuary. It readily combines 

 with distilled oils; and in rectified spirit of wine, dissolves 

 into a transparent fragrant liquor, mure agreeable than the 

 balsam itself. It has been employed principally, and in pre- 

 ference to the otherbalsams, In fluoralbus, and "inulcerations 



VOL. i. 31. 



of the urinary passages. Fuller, says, he has known dry deep 

 coughs, expectoration of blood and pus, voiding of chyle in- 

 stead of urine, together with great pain and weakness, cured 

 by it ; and that, notwithstanding the warmth and bitterness 

 of its taste, he has found it to jigree in hectic cases. He ob- 

 serves, that it gives the urine a bitter taste, but not a violet 

 smell, as the turpentines do, although it is, like them, of a 

 purgative quality, if taken in doses of two or three drachms. 

 The usual dose is from ten to thirty or forty drops. When 

 given in too large doses, or too long continued, it has pro- 

 duced considerable inconveniences, exciting febrile heats, 

 pains in the head, with other unfavourable symptoms. Hill 

 observes, that it has the same virtues with turpentine, but is 

 more powerful ; and that it is excellent in the whites, and in 

 all complaints of the urinary passages. 



Coppices. See Planting. 



Coprosma ; a genus of the class Polygamia, order Monoecia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Hermaphrodite. Calix: perianth 

 one-leafed, inferior, very short, permanent, with five acute 

 distant toothlets. Corolla: one-petalled, funnel-form, five 

 or six cleft ; segments acute, erect. Stamina : tilamenta five, 

 six, or seven, capillary ; antherae oblong, bifid at the base, 

 erect, slightly incurved, acuminate. Pistil: germen oblong; 

 styles two, filiform, cohering slightlyat the base, longer than 

 the corolla, divaricating ; stigmas simple. Pericarp: berry 

 ovate-globular, two-seeded. Seeds : two, ovate, flat on one 

 side, convex on the other. Male. Calix, Corolla, and Stamina, 

 as in the hermaphrodite. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Cater: one- 

 leafed, five-toothed. Corolla: five or six cleft. Stigma : five, 

 six, or seven. Hermaphrodite Styles: two, long. Berry : 

 containing two flattish seeds. The species are, 



1. Coprosma Fcetidissima. Flowers solitary. A very 

 fetid shrub. 



2. Coprosma Lucida. Peduncles compound. A perfectly 

 smooth shrub, resembling Physalis in its habit. Leaves pe- 

 tioled, ovate, acuminate both ways, quite entire ; stipule soli- 

 tary,-sharp, combining the leaves ; peduncles axillary, soli- 

 tary, opposite, two-leaved, divided into other peduncles, ter- 

 minated by capitate flowers ; calix and corolla greenish. 

 Both these species are natives of New Zealand. 



Coral Tree. See Erythrina. 



Coral-wort. See Dentaria, 



Corchorus ; a genus of the class Polyandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GEXERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth five-leaved ; 

 leaflets linear-lanceolate, acute, erect, deciduous. Corolla .- 

 petals five, oblong, obtuse, narrower beneath, erect, length 

 of the calix. Stamina : filamenta numerous, capillary, 

 shorter than the corolla ; antherae small. Pistil : germen 

 oblong, furrowed ; style thick, short ; stigma two-cleft. Pe- 

 ricarp; capsule oblong, five-celled, fire-valved. Seeds: 

 very many, cornered, pointed. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Corolla: five-petallcd. Calix : five-leaved, deciduous. Cap- 

 sule : many-valved, many-celled. All the plants of this genus 

 are too tender to thrive in the open air in England ; and 

 therefore their seeds must be sown upon a hot-bed in spring; 

 and when the plants are fit to remove, they should be trans- 

 planted into a fresh hot-bed to bring the plants forward, 

 otherwise they will not ripen seeds. When they are rooted 

 in this new hot-bed, free nir must be every day admitted to them 

 n proportion to the warmth of the season, for they must not be 

 :lrawn up weakly; and when they have acquired strength, 

 they should be transplanted each into a separate pot, and 

 Blunged into a hot-bed, always taking care to exclude the 

 sun-beams until they have struck fresh roots ; they should 

 then have daily a large share of fresh air, and be frequently 

 refreshed with water. In June they ought to be gradually 

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