COR 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



COR 



365 



Iti. Coreopsis Procera ; Tall Coreopsis. Leaves elliptic, 

 acuminate, serrate, petiolate, veined, decurrent, the lower in 

 whorls, the upper alternate. It is perennial; flowering in 

 September and October. Native of North America. 



17. Coreopsis Kadiata. Leaves linear-lanceolate, sharply 

 serrate, opposite; ray of the flower large, entire. Root an- 

 nual ; stems upright, four feet high; leaves acuminate, from 

 three to four inches long, three quarters of an inch broad in 

 the middle, deep green on their upper surface, and pale on 

 their lower, on short petioles. It flowers in August, and, if 

 the autumn prove favourable, ripens its seeds in October. 

 Native of Carolina. It is propagated by seeds, which should 

 be sown on a warm border in autumn, and the plants will 

 appear in the following spring ; but if the seeds be sown in 

 the spring, the plants seldom rise till the year after. When 

 n't to remove, they should be taken up carefully, and either 

 replanted where they are intended to remain, or placed in a 

 nursery-bed, at four inches' distance, to get strength, ob- 

 serving to exclude the beams of the sun until they have taken 

 fresh root, after which, those which are planted out to re- 

 main, will only require to be kept clean from weeds, and as 

 they advance in height, should be supported by sticks, other- 

 wise the strong winds of autumn often break them. Those 

 which are placed in the nursery-bed, should be taken up 

 when they have acquired proper strength, and transplanted, 

 with balls of earth adhering to their roots, wherever they 

 are designed to stand for flowering. 



IS. Coreopsis Leucorhiza. Leaves pinnate, with five leaf- 

 lets, serrate-gashed; ray six-flowered'; down three-horned 

 Stem herbaceous, a foot and a half high, erect, four-cornered, 

 grooved, arisingfrom a simple, perpendicular, fusiform,white, 

 fleshy root; flowers entire, saffron-coloured, few together, on 

 terminating peduncles; calix erect, many-leaved. Native of 

 Canton in China. 



19. Coreopsis Biternata. Leaves biternate, ovate-lanceo- 

 late, serrate ; panicle diffused; ray six-flowered. Stem her- 

 baceous, two feet high, erect, four-cornered, four- grooved ; 

 flowers entirely yellow. Native of China near Canton. 



20. Coreopsis Fretida. Leaves three-lobcd ; lobes acumi- 

 nate, serrate, middle one longer. Hoot annual ; stem round ; 

 upright, a fathom in height, branched, covered with a short 

 glutinous nap; flowers corymbed; corolla yellow; florets 

 of the ray eight ; border ovate-oblong, three-nerved, shortly 



emarginate. Native of Mexico. As these plants continue 



to produce flowers till arrested by the frost, they merit a 

 place in every curious garden, especially those of them which 

 do not ramble and spread too much. 



Coriandrum ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Digy- 

 nia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calii: : umbel universal with 

 few rays ; partial with very many ; involucre, universal 

 scarce one-leafed ; partial three-leaved, halved, linear ; 

 perianth proper, five-toothed, standing out. Corolla: uni- 

 versal difform, rayed ; floscules of the disk abortive. Proper 

 of the disk hermaphrodite; petals five, inflex, emarginate, 

 equal. Proper of the ray hermaphrodite; petals five, inflex- 

 hearted, unequal, of which the exterior is very large, two- 

 parted; but the nearest lateral ones have a very large division. 

 Stamina: tilamcnta, live, simple; anthers: roundish. Pistil: 

 germen inferior ; styles two, distant ; stigmas of the ray 

 headed. Pericarp : none ; fruit spherical, bipartile. Seeds : 

 two, hemispheric, concave. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Corolla: 

 rayed. Petals: inflex, emarginate. Involucre: universal, one- 

 leaved ; partial halved. Fruit : spherical. These plants are 

 propagated by sowing their seeds in the autumn, in an open 

 situation, on a bed of good fresh earth, hoeing out the plants 

 to about four inches apart every way as soon as they appear, 



VOL. i. 31. 



and also clearing them from weeds, which will enable the 

 plants to acquire more strength, and produce a greater 

 quantity of good seeds. The species are, 



1. Coriandrum Sativum; Common or Great Coriander. 

 Fruits globukr. Root annual, strong-scented ; stem a foot or 

 a foot and half in height, smooth, branched ; leaves com- 

 pound ; root-leaves larger, doubly pinnate ; pinnules broad, 

 gashed on every side, serrate, and even half two-lobed ; petals 

 whiteor reddish; fruits obsoletely ribbed, aromatic. It flow- 

 ers in June and July, in corn-fields, by road-sides, and on 

 dung-hills; the seeds ripen in August. The leaves have a 

 strong disagreeable scent; the seeds are grateful to the taste, 

 and are sold by the confectioners encrusted with sugar. The 

 Edinburgh College use them as correctors; in the bitter infu- 

 sion and the preparations of senna, nothing so effectually 

 covering the disagreeable taste of that medicine. When taken 

 in large quantities they have been considered deleterious ; but 

 Withering informs us, that he has known six drachms of them 

 to be taken at once, without any remarkable effect. Meyrick 

 states, that the seeds are the only part used in medicine. 

 While green, they have a strong unpleasant smell, which they 

 lose in drying, and become sweet and aromatic : they are of 

 great service in warming and strengthening the stomach, dis- 

 persing wind, and assisting the digestive faculties, and also 

 relieve pains of the head, and operate as a check in violent 

 purges. This plant is found wild in Essex, yet, though it 

 has also been long cultivated about Ipswich, and in a few 

 other places, it is not a native of this country, but the south 

 of Europe, China, and Cochin-china. It was formerly culti- 

 vated in the gardens as a siilad herb, and is still used in the 

 East Indies for the same purpose, being a principal ingre- 

 dient in most of the compound dishes of the inhabitants of 

 those regions, and much esteemed as a culinary herb, the seed 

 is also employed in the same way ; but in Europe neither of 

 them are now much used. For the field culture of Coriander, 

 see Carum Carui. The produce of Coriander is from ten to 

 to fourteen hundred-weight on an acre, and the price varies 

 from 16s. to 42s. per hundred -weight, but is commonly at 24s. 

 Unless great care be taken, the largest and best part of the 

 seed will be lost ; to prevent this, women and children are 

 employed to cut it plant by plant, and to put it immediately 

 into* cloths, in which it is carried to some convenient part 

 of the field, and there threshed upon a sail-cloth : a few 

 strokes of the flail bring the seeds clean out, and the 

 threshers are ready for afresh bundle in a few minutes. There 

 is a ready sale for Coriander seed among the distillers, drug- 

 gists, and confectioners ; the former, especially, purchase 

 very large quantities. 



2. Coriandrum Testiculatum ; Small or Twin-fruited Cori- 

 ander. Fruits twin. This has a much stronger scent than that 

 of the common sort. Root annual ; stem angular, branched, 

 about sixteen inches high ; leaves once or twice pinnated ; 

 umbels small, often simple ; seeds a little wrinkled, but not 

 striated. Native of the south of Europe. Both species are 

 raised from seeds sown in autumn, in an open situation, on 

 a bed of good fresh earth. They require no other care than 

 to be hoed to about four inches asunder every way, and kept 

 clear from weeds. 



Coriaria : a genus of the class Dicecia, order Decandria. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Male. Calix; perianth five-leaved, 

 very short ; leaflets subovate, concave. Corolla : petals 

 five, very like the calix, connected. Stamina ; filamenta 

 ten, length of the corolla; antherae oblong, two-parted. 

 female. Calix -. perianth five-leaved, very short ; leaf- 

 lets subovate, concave. Corolla : petals five, cuspidate, 

 calicifbrm, converging. Stamina: filamenta ten, very short ; 

 5 A 



