C R A 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



C R A 



379 



u finger's length, very much crowded ; stem leaves opposite, 

 smaller; stem round, herbaceous, erect, smooth, a span high. 



42. Crassula Turrita. Leaves connate, imbricate -in four 

 rows, ovate-oblong, acute, ciliate. Root annual ; stem her- 

 baceous, weak, erect, round, jointed, covered with leaves, 

 smooth, a palm high ; branches, if any, axillary, very short ; 

 leaves alternately opposite, thick, smooth, red ; lower ones 

 oblong, concave above, convex underneath, upper ones egg- 

 shaped, flat above. 



43. Crassula Rupestris ; Rock Crassvla. Leaves connate, 

 ovate, entire, smooth ; stem covered ; corymb superdecom- 

 pound. Root perennial, branched ; stem round, branched, 

 a palm high ; leaves green, with a refuscent margin. 



44. Crassula Thyrsiflora. Leaves perfoliate, ovate, ciliate, 

 patulous ; corymb compound, spiked. Stem round, herba- 



-, upright, a span high, smooth ; flowers white, in a 

 -e, gradually attenuated, decompound, a palm in length. 



(45. Crassula Capitella ; Square-spiked Crassula. Leaves 

 oblong, connate, cartilaginous-ciliate, patulous ; flowers in 

 headed whorls ; stem round, smooth, erect, a span high, the 

 thickness of a quill, sometimes branched at top ; flowers 

 white, in sessile, many-flowered, approximating whorls. 



46. Crassula Pubescens. Leaves connate, ovate-subulate, 

 villose ; stem branching; flowers corymbed ; root perennial ; 

 stem filiform, frutescent, erect, red, smooth, a span high ; 

 corymb compound, trichotomous. 



47. Crassula Cephalophora. Leaves connate, linear, ob- 

 long, obtuse, entire ; heads lateral, peduncled. Stem round, 

 erect, subtomentose, a span high ; heads of flowers opposite, 

 the size of a pea. 



48. Crassula Tomentosa. Leaves connate, lanceolate, 

 villose, ciliate ; stem almost naked ; flowers in whorls : root- 

 leaves bluntish, hirsute, imbricate ; stem-leaves three pairs, 

 smaller; stem angular, erect, villose, afoot high. 



49. Crassula Cotyledonis ; Wli'ite-flowered Crassula. Leaves 

 connate, oblong, tomentose, ciliate ; stem almost naked ; 

 flowers corymbed, aggregate. Stem herbaceous, slightly 

 four-cornered, leafless, tomentose, the thickness of a quill, a 

 foot high ; flowers white, pedicelled ; peduncles dichoto- 

 inous ; corymb decompound. 



50. Crassula Tecta. Leaves connate-ovate, obtuse, ash- 

 oloured, lamellose ; scape naked ; flowers sessile. Stem 



scarcely any ; flowers several, minute, collected into a head ; 

 leaves subradical, very abundant, imbricate, convex beneath, 

 concave above, thick, covered with an ash-coloured meal, 

 like the scales of a butterfly's wing. 



51. Crassula Perforata. Leaves connate-perfoliate, ovate, 

 iliale, remote; stem erect, thyrse-bearing, round, jointed, 



gradually attenuated, leafy, smooth, a foot high : peduncles 

 and pedicels filiform. 



52. Crassula Expansa ; Awl-leaved Crassula. Leaves semi- 

 cylindric, subulate, channelled above, spreading ; peduncles 

 axillary, solitary, one-flowered; stems dichotomous. Annual: 



i flowering in June and July. 



53. Crassula Lineolata ; Channelled Crassula. Stem her- 

 baceous ; leaves cordate, sessile ; peduncles almost termi- 

 nating, axillary, approximating, umbel-shaped. Biennial : 

 flowering from June to August. 



54. Crassula Pulchella ; Reflex-leaved Crassula. Stem her- 

 baceous, dichotomous ; leaves ovate-oblong, fleshy, reflex ; 

 flowers in the forks peduncled ; peduncles turbinate. An- 

 nual ; flowering in July. 



55. Crassula Imbricata ; Imbricate Crassula. Leaves ovate, 

 acute, imbricate in four rows, glossy ; flowers axillary, 

 sessile. Shrubby. It flowers in June. 



56. Crassula Obliqua; Oblique-leaved Crassula. Leaves 



opposite, ovate, oblique, quite entire, acute, distinct, some- 

 what cartilaginous at the edge. Stem near three feet high, 

 erect, dividing into many branches ; leaves of a lively green, 

 half stem-clasping, Shrubby ; flowering in April and May. 



57. Crassula Alooides ; Spike-Jlowe-ed Crassula. Leaves 

 ovate, distinct, acute, ciliate ; stem simple, somewhat hairy ; 

 raceme compound ; branches panicle-shaped. Biennial; stem 

 scarcely a span in height ; leaves fleshy, smooth, with minute 

 red impressed dots scattered over them, and an inch in 

 length; nectaries yellow; filamenta white. It flowers from 

 June till August. 



58. Crassula Sparsa; Alternate-leaved Crassula. Leaves 

 alternate, subspatulate, acute, quite entire ; raceme com- 

 pound. Biennial ; flowering in July. 



59. Crassula DifFusa. Leaves oblong, attenuated at the 

 base, remotely crenate ; peduncles opposite to the leaves, and 

 axillary, solitary. Annual ; flowering in July. 



60. Crassula Spathulata ; Crenated Crassula. Leaves pe- 

 tioled cordate-roundish, acutish, crenate ; corymbs panicle- 

 shaped. Shrubby : it flowers in July and August. 



61. Crassula Marginalia. Stem shrubby ; leaves cordate, 

 perfoliate, acuminate, plane, spreading, dotted within the 

 margin. Shnibby : flowering in July and August. 



62. Crassula Lactea ; Snowy Crassula. Stem shrubby : 

 leaves ovate, attenuated at the base, connate, quite entire, 

 dotted within the margin ; cymes panicle-shaped. Shrubby^: 

 flowering in September and October. 



63. Crassula Cespitosa; Turfy Crassula. Leaves globose- 

 ovate, imbricate fourways; cyme three-flowered; flowers ses- 

 sile. This is a thick annual plant, scarcely three lines in 

 height ; stem red ; leaves sessile, green with a red dot at the 

 end, becoming red by age. Stamina four or five. Common 

 near Madrid ; flowering in March. 



64. Crassula Umbella. Leaves roundish, perfoliate ; ra- 

 cemes axillary and terminating ; upper peduncles in whorls. 

 Root perennial ; the whole plant smooth ; stem one or two, 

 annual, round, fleshy, the size of a quill, a span high, up- 

 right, subpellucid. This, and all the foregoing species from 

 29 inclusive, except the 63d, are natives of the Cape. 



Cratagus ; a genus of the class Icosandria, order Digynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth one-leafed, con- 

 cave, spreading, five-cleft, permanent. Corolla : petals five, 

 roundish, concave, sessile, inserted into the calix. Stamina : 

 filamenta twenty, subulate, inserted into the calix ; antherae 

 roundish. Pistil : germen inferior ; styles two, filiform, 

 erect ; stigmas headed. Pericarp : berry fleshy, roundish, 

 umbilicated. Seeds : two, somewhat oblong, distinct, cartila- 

 ginous. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : five-cleft. Petals : 

 five. Berry : inferior, two-seeded. The species are, 



1 . Crataegus Aria ; White Beam Tree. Unarmed : leaves 

 ovate, gashed, serrate, tomentose underneath. It rises to the 

 height of thirty or forty feet, with a large trunk, dividing into 

 many branches : the young shoots have a brown bark covered 

 with a mealy down ; the leaves are two or three inches long, 

 and an inch and a half broad in the middle, of a light green 

 on their upper aide, but very white underneath ; the flowers 

 are produced at the ends of the branches, in bunches or 

 corymbs, two inches or more in diameter, and very much 

 branched. There is a Swedish variety, which has the leaves 

 deeply sinuated, pinnatifid, and even pinnate ; which is never 

 the case with the British species. The wood being very 

 white, hard, tough, and smooth, is used for axle-trees, walk- 

 ing sticks, and the handles of tools ; the fruit is eatable when 

 mellowed by the autumnal frosts, and yields an ardent spirit 

 when distilled. It flowers in May, and is a native of most 

 parts of Europe, being chiefly found on dry hills and open 



