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C Y T 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL 



C Y T 



fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth species, will not bear 

 the open air of our climate, but require the protection of a 

 tureen-house, or dry-stove. 



11. Cytisus Argenteus ; Silvery Cytisus. Flowers gene- 

 rally two together, subsessile ; leaves tomentose ; stems de- 

 cumbent ; stipules minute. It has herbaceous stalks. The 

 flowers are produced either single, or two, three, or more 

 together, at the ends of the branches. It is a hoary shining 

 plant ; the branches towards the root become shrubby, but 

 above they are herbaceous. Native of the south of France, 

 and Istria. See the second species. 



12. Cytisus Purpureus. Flowers peduncled, solitary ; 

 leaves smooth ; stems decumbent, becoming shrubby ; 

 legumes sickled above. This is suffruticose ; stems the thick- 

 ness of a goose-quill, naked, smooth, brownish, pliant, pros- 

 trate ; from these spring slender, soft, ascending, branched 

 twigs, at lirst slightly pubescent, but afterwards smooth ; 

 leaves scattered, alternate, petioled ; leaflets sessile, ovate, 

 sharpish, dark green, quite entire ; flowers axillary, solitary, 

 erect, on a short pedicel ; calixtinged with purple ; corolla 

 Hrge, bright red ; standard obcordate, broad, villose, ciliate 

 on the sides at bottom ; wings oblong, oval, entire, converg- 

 ing ; keel blunt ; both that and the wings villose, ciliate at 

 the base. Native of Carniola, flowering in April and May. 

 .^ee the second species. 



13. Cytisus Glaber. Flowers solitary, lateral, subsessile, 

 jK.'!!(lulous ; lea- es ternate, petioled j leaflets equal, lanceo- 

 late, elliptic, whitish about the edge, small, acute; peduncles 

 shorter than the flowers ; calix oblong, somewhat bellying, 

 trifid ; corolla yellow, rather large. Native of Austria. 



14. Cytisus Grsecus. Leaves simple, lanceolate-linear ; 

 branches angular. It rises with a woody stalk, six or seven 

 feet high, sending out many angular lateral branches. The 

 Mowers are produced in short bunches from the sides of the 

 branches ; they are small, yellow, and appear in July and 



August, but are not succeeded by seeds in England. It is 

 propagated by cuttings, which if planted on a bed of light 

 earth in the beginning of July, and closely covered with a 

 bell or hand glass, shaded from the sun in the middle of the 

 day, will put out roots by the middle or end of September, 

 when they should be carefully taken up, planting each in a 

 separate small pot, carefully watering and shading them until 

 they have taken new root ; after which they may be exposed 

 in a sheltered situation until the end of October, when they 

 must be removed into shelter. 



15. Cytisus Tener. Leaves simple, lanceolate ; branches 

 round. This is an erect shrub, branching very much, three 

 feet high, with a trunk the thickness of a finger, round, and 

 upright ; leaves quite entire, subpetioled, pale beneath, 

 somewhat villose on both sides, scarcely half an inch long , 

 flowers few, in terminating racemes on short pedicels, smel- 

 ling sweet; legumes hirsute ; seed few. Native of Madeira. 



16. Cytisus Foliolosus ; Leafy Cytisus. Racemes termi- 

 nating, erect ; calices villose ; segments sickle shaped ; leaf- 

 lets obovate, oblong. It flowers in July and August ; and 

 was found in the Canary Islands. 



17- Cytisus Divaricatus ; Clammy Cytisus. Racemes ter- 

 minating, erect ; calices and legumes ramentaceous, viscid ; 

 leaflets oblong ; leaves ternate, with ovate oblong leaflets, on 

 short petioles ; racemes simple ; flowers peduncled, solitary, 

 supported by one or two subulate bractes. Before the 

 corolla opens, the whole is tawny ; but when open, the 

 standard about the middle only is of that colour ; the rest ia 

 then yellow ; the calix is also tawny. It flowers in July and 

 August, and is a native of the south of France, Spain, and 

 Madeira. See the second and tenth species. 



18. Cytisus Biflorus. Smooth Cytisus. Peduncles gene- 

 rally in pairs, lateral; calices oblong, villoce, two lipped ; 

 upper lip bifid ; leaflets oblong, elliptic. It flowers in May 

 and June. Native country unknown. 



D A C 



DACTYLIS ; a genus of the class Triandria, order Digj- 

 nia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Catii : glume many-flower- 

 ed, two-valved, collecting the floscules into an ovate-ob- 

 long spicule ; valves concave, keeled ; on one side convex, 

 broader, half ovate ; on the other narrow, the inner largest. 

 Corolla: two-valved; the lower valve larger, concave, acute, 

 mucronate, or awned, the inner lanceolate, acutely bifid, 

 scarcely shorter than the lower ; nectaries two, lanceolate, 

 acuminate, gibbous at the base. Stamina : filamenta three, 

 capillary, longer than the corolla ; antherae oblong, two-fork- 

 ed. Pistil : germen ovate ; styles two, spreading ; stigmas 

 feathered. Pericarp: none ; corolla including the seed, and 

 dropping it. Seed : single, oblong, grooved on one side. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: two-valved, compressed, 

 one valve larger, keeled. For the propagation and culture 



of this genus, see Grass. The species are, 



1. Dactylis Cynosuroides ; American Cock's-foot Grass. 

 Spikes scattered, numerous; flowers closely imbricate, and 

 pointing one way ; culm erect, two feet high, reedy ; leaves 

 on the culm six lines broad, longer than the culm, very glossy, 

 scabrous about the edge, bent in, more glaucous on their 

 inner surface ; spikes six or more, diverging, chaffy ; floscules 

 scabrous behind ; calices one-flowered, scabrous on the keel, 



D A C 



mucronate, longer than the floscule, sessile, turned one wy ; 

 pistils villose, very long. Native of Virginia and Canada : 

 perennial. 



2. Dactylis Glomerata ; Rough Cock's-foot Grass. Pani- 

 cle turned to one side, glomerate. Root perennial ; culms 

 from two to three feet high, ancipital, naked, and rugged at 

 top, having four or five smooth purplish knots or joints, and 

 three leaves with ancioital, villose, or rugged sheaths, sharply 

 keeled ; leaves six inches or more in length, and three or 

 four lines broad, spreading, somewhat glaucous, very rugged 

 on both sides, with extremely minute spinnles; ligule white, 

 oblong, obtuse, cloven ; panicle close, often coloured ; pe- 

 duncles solitary, alternate, angular, stiff, rugged, with a cal- 

 lous tumor at the base, twice and thrice cloven, the lowest 

 sometimes two more, remote, longer, spreading, at length 

 becoming horizontal, and even somewhat reflex; spikeleU 

 all turned the same way, subsessile, twin-glomerate, oblong, 

 very obtuse, having two, three, and sometimes four flowerf, 

 pressed close, and diverging during florescence ; seed drop- 

 ping. It is a rough coarse grass, and hence has the names of 

 rough grass and hard grass; as well as that of orchard grass, 

 from its flourishing particularly under the shade of trees. No 

 grass is more common than this : it is extremely hardy. 



