432 



DAL 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



DAP 



1. Dalbergia Lanceolaria. Leaves pinnate ; leaflets ellip- 

 tic, hairy underneath ; fruits lanceolate. This is a tree with 

 wand-like, pendulous, hairy branches ; leaves alternate, un- 

 equally pinnate ; leaflets elliptic, alternate, remote, from ten 

 to sixteen, quite entire, waved, smooth underneath, hirsute 

 above, veinless, small; petioles hairy; racemes axillary, hairy, 

 branched; flowers ferruginous; calix rough with hairs; corolla 

 larger than in the second sort. The fruit is a membrane, 

 exactly the figure of a little lance, attenuated at the base, not 

 opening, not divisible into two skins by a knife, the length 

 of a finger or less : in the middle of this membrane, a single, 

 compressed, oval seed is immersed ; and when there are two 

 seeds, they are placed longitudinally, at a distance from each 

 other. Observed by Koenig in Ceylon and Malabar. 



'2. Dalbergia Monetaria. Leaves ternate ; leaflets smooth, 

 ovate; fruits oval, veinless. This is a shrub ; leaflets peti- 

 oled, quite entire, veined, acuminate, alternate; peduncles 

 several, axillary, spiked, directed one way, toothed at bottom, 

 where the flowers have fallen ; flowers extremely minute, 

 white ; calix blunt, with five small equal teeth ; filamenta 

 two, lateral, equal, four-cleft at top, with a third, which is 

 single, below the germen, hence there are nine filamenta ; 

 antherae nine, globular, twin ; style filiform, erect ; stigma 

 headed. The fruit is of an oval form, like a piece of coin, 

 compressed, cartilaginous within, one-celled, deciduous, not 

 opening; seed single, compressed, kidney-form. The root 

 when cut yields a purple juice ; the wood is red, and yields 

 a resin resembling Dragon's-blood. Native of wet parts of 

 Surinam. 



Dalechampia ; a genus of the class Monozcia, order Mona- 

 ilelphia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Involucre .- common ex- 

 terior smaller; leaflets four, lanceolate, spreading : interior 

 very large ; leaflets two, heart-shaped, three-cleft, converg- 

 ing. For the male flowers, a foot-stalked umbel, simple, ten- 

 Howered, shorter than the interior involucre. Calix -. invo- 

 jucel two-leaved, erect, blunt; leaflets somewhat three-lobed; 

 scales numerous, obovate, pressed in an imbricate manner to 

 the exterior side of the involucel, and of the same length with 

 it; perianth proper five -leaved, footstalked ; leaflets ovate, 

 aeute, deciduous. Corolla : none. Stamina : filamenta very 

 many,growing together into a column longer than thecalix; 

 antherae roundish. In the females, three florets within the 

 same common involucre, approximate to the inferior side. 

 Calix . involucel three-leaved ; leaflets emarginate, small ; 

 perianth proper, inferior ; leaflets eleven, linear, toothed, 

 acute, converging, permanent. Corolla : none. Pistil: ger- 

 men roundish, shorter than the perianth ; style tiliform, 

 ascending, length of the males : stigma somewhat headed, 

 perforated. Pericarp: capsule roundish .three-berried, three- 

 celled ; cells two- valved. Seeds: solitary, globose. ESSKN-- 

 TIAL CHARACTER. Outer common involucre with four 

 leaflets, inner with two trifid leaves. Male .- nmhellule ten- 

 flowered ; involucel two-leared, with numerous chaffs ; pro- 

 per perianth five-leaved. Corolla : none ; filamenta very many, 

 connate. Femules : floscules three ; involucel three-leaved ; 

 proper perianth with eleven leaflets. Corolla none ; style 

 tiliform. Capsule: tricoeeeros. These plants are propagated 

 by needs, sown early in the spring on a hot-bed, transplanted 

 into small pots when three inches high, plunged into a bark- 

 bed, and frequently watered ; they should be afterwards 

 MWored into larger pots, and placed at the back of the bark- 

 store, where they may have an espalier or trellis to run tip 

 on. They seldom continue more than two years. - The 



I. Dalechampia Colo-rat* ; Coloured nalecharnpia. Leaves 

 quite entire. This resembles the second specie*, and the 



leaves are thr^e-lobed, but less deeply cut, and not serrate ; 

 the involucre is more oblong, resembling a petal, or colour- 

 ed, not cordate at the base, or green. Found in New 

 Granada, by Mutis. 



2. Dalechampia Scandens; Climbing Dalechampi/i. Le;i\cs 

 trifid, serrate. Stem branched, climbing, hairy, the hairs 

 standing out ; leaves alternate, petioled, remote, cordate, 

 three-lobed, much veined, wrinkled, pubescent; flowers ax- 

 illary, green, on long stalks; bractes large, three-cleft, ser- 

 rated, inclosing the flowers and seeds. (Miller has a variety, 

 native of Jamaica, having a smooth fruit, with a hispid 

 calix.) It flowers in June and July ; and is a native of the 

 West Indies. 



Damasonium ; a genus of the class Hexandria, order Hexa- 



gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Catix : spathe one-leafed, 



oblong, five-winged ; wings waved, two running down into 

 the petiole ; mouth five-toothed; teeth sharp, membranaceous 

 at the edge; perianth one-leafed, three parted, superior; leaf- 

 lets lanceolate, blunt, surrounded by a membranaceous edge, 

 spreading. Corolla : petals three, roundish; vvaved, spread- 

 ing, longer than the perianth. Stamina: filamenta six, very 

 short ; antherae linear, erect, blunt, emarginate at the base, 

 shorter than the corolla. Pistil : germen oblong, inferior ; 

 styles six, linear, emarginate, erect, longer than the stamina; 

 stigmas, villose hairs on the side of the styles. Pericarp i 

 berry oblong, ten-celled, crowned by the calix ; seeds very 

 many, oblong, small. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Spatht . 

 one-leafed. Perianth : one-leafed, three-parted. Pttulx : 



three. Berry : ten-celled, inferior. The only known 



species is, 



1. Damasonium Alismoidcs Leavesheart-shaped, nerved, 

 floating, unarmed ; scape naked, quadrangular, one-flowered. 

 There are only six stamina in the flower, with six bifid styles. 

 Native of the East Indies, Malabar, Ceylon, &c. 



Dame's Violet. See Hesperi*. 



Dandelion. See Leontodon. 



Daneicort. See Sambucus. 



Daphne ; a genus of the class Octandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENKHIC CHARACTER. Calix .- none. Corolla -. one- 

 petalled, funnel-form, withering, including the stamina; tube 

 cylindric, imperforate, longer than the border ; border four- 

 cleft ; divisions ovate, acute, flat, spreading. Stamina : fila- 

 menta eight, short, inserted into the tube, the alternate ones 

 lower; antherae roundish, erect, two-celled. Pistil: ger- 

 men ovate ; style very short ; stigma headed, depressed, flat. 

 Pericarp: berry roundish, one-celled. Senl . single, round- 

 ish, fleshy. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : none. Corolla: 

 four-cleft, corollaceous, withering, including the stamina. 



Berry one-seeded. The species are, 



* Flowers lateral. 



1. Daphne Mezereum ; Mczereon. Flowers sessile, in threes 

 on the stem ; leaves lanceolate, deciduons. It is a shrub 

 growing in gardens, to the height of five or six feet, with a 

 strong woody stalk, putting out many woody branches on 

 every side, so as to form ;i regular head ; the flowers come 

 out before the leaves very early in the spring, in clusters sur- 

 rounding the shoots of the former year. The leaves are 

 smooth, about two inches long, and three quarters of an inch 

 broad in the middle, placed without order. In its wild state 

 itisonlv from otto to two feet in height, and the branches then 

 are not numerous, they are very flexible ; the leaves arc entire, 

 and of a pale green. The fruit is a superior berried drupe, 

 first green, then red, of an ovate-gh>buhr form, itii a tiiin 

 succulent pulp, and a crustaceous, thin, brittle, black, shin- 

 ing shell ; it is, however, commonly called a berry. There 

 ore two principal varieties of the Mez*reon ; one with a white 



