444 



D I A 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



D I A 



inches long, and nearly two broad in the widest part, ending 

 in acute points, and deeply serrate ; the flowers which are 

 small and of a bluish colour, grow in loose spikes at the top 

 of the stalks. Ray observed this plant in abundance on 

 Mount Jura. Native of Switzerland, Savoy, the south of 

 France, Carniola, and Silesia. 



l>rn!fUa ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth five- 

 parted, superior; segments subulate. Corolla: one-petalled, 

 funnel-form, longer than the calix ; tube gradually widening 

 into a five-cleft spreading border ; segments acute, three- 

 toothed ; the middle toothlet more produced. Stamina : 

 filamenta five, short, awl-shaped, inserted at the base of the 

 tube; antherae oblong. Pistil: germen roundish, inferior, 

 \illose ; style cylindric, short, thickish ; stigmas two, thicker 

 than the style, longer, spreading. Pericarp : capsule glo- 

 bular, crowned by the calix, two-celled. Seeds: very many, 

 ovate. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Corolla : tubular, five- 

 cleft, with three-toothed segments. Calix : five-parted. 

 Stigmas: two. Capsule: globular, inferior, two-celled, many- 

 seeded. The only known species is, 



1. Dentella Repens. A native of various parts of the 

 East Indies, and of New Caledonia. It is considered as a 

 weed in the gardens of Amboyna. 



Devil-in-a-Buih. See Nigella. 



Devil' n- Bit. See Scabiosa. 



Devil' s-Guts. See Cuscuta. 



Deutzui ; a genus of the class Decandria, order Trigynia. 

 GBNKRIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth one-leafed, 

 somewhat bell-form, one-third of the length of the corolla, 

 tomentose, five-cleft, seldom six-cleft ; divisions ovate.obtuse, 

 erect. Corolla : five-petalled, seldom six-petalled ; petals 

 inserted on the outside of the edge of the germen, oblong, 

 obtuse, entire, white. Stamina : filamenta ten, placed with- 

 out the edge of the germen, linear, filiform at the tip, below 

 the tip emarginate, tritid, white, the length of the corolla, 

 alternately some what shorter ; antherae globular, twin. Pistil: 

 i-ermen superior, like a wreath, concave in the middle ; styles 

 three, seldom four, filiform; a little longer than the corolla; 

 stigmas simple, club-shaped. Pericarp : capsule globular, 

 truncate, perforated, somewhat three-cornered, callous, sca- 

 !)"<ms, three-awned with the permanent bases of the pistils, 

 three-valved, three-celled, seldom four-celled, the size of a 

 pepper-corn, ash-coloured, gaping at the base. Seeds: se- 

 veral in each cell. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : one- 

 leufed. Capsule : three-celled. Filamenta . three-cusped. 

 The only species hitherto discovered is, 



I. Deutzia Scabra. A tree, about the height of a man, 

 and very much branched ; branches alternate, round, even, 

 purplish ; branchlets \ illose, scabrous, spreading ; leaves 

 opposite, petioled, ovate, acuminate, serrate, veined and 

 wrinkled, scabrous with hairs in stars, spreading, an inch or 

 'iu>ri: in length ; flowerson the outer branchlets in compound 

 panicles, on alternate pedicels ; peduncles and pedicels anau- 

 lar, tomentose, and scabrous. It flowers in May and .Tune, 

 and is u native of Japan, where the leaves are used by joiners 

 in smoothing and polishing. 



Dewberry. See Ruhu.i. 



Di'ilium ; a genus of the class Diandria, order Mono- 

 jryiiia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : none. Corolla : pe- 

 tals live, equal, sessile, elliptic, obtuse, deciduous. Stamina: 

 tilamiMita two, conic, very short, situated at the upper side 

 of the receptacle ; antherae oblong, obtuse, as if of two con- 

 joined. Pistil . gcrnvin superior, ovate ; style subulate, 

 declined, length of the stamina; stigma simple, ascending 

 towards the tip of the anthers;. Pericarp : legume, inter- 



nally pulpy. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: mint-. 

 Corolla : five-petalled. Stamina : at the upper side of the 

 receptacle. The only known species of this genus is, 



1. Dialium Indum. A tree with alternate pinnate lea\ e*, 

 having seven ovate, oblong, acuminate, petioled, even, leaflets, 

 a hand in length ; flowers panicled, nodding. Native of 

 the East Indies. 



Dianthera ; a genus of the class. Diandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth onc- 

 leafed, five-parted, tubular ; divisions lanceolate, equal, 

 length of the tube, permanent. Corolla: one-petalled, rin- 

 gent ; tube short ; upper lip flattish, reflex, cloven, very 

 obtuse ; lower lip three-parted ; divisions oblong, equal, 

 obtuse, distant, the middle one wider. Stamina : filament;* 

 two, filiform, shorter than the corolla, growing to the buck 

 of it, length of the upper lip ; antherae on each filamenta 

 double, oblong, the one a little higher. Pistil : germen 

 oblong ; style filiform, length of the stamina; stigma obtuse. 

 Pericarp : capsule two-valved, two-celled, compressed above 

 and below, but alternately, with boat-like valves, bursting 

 asunder with an elastic nail. Seeds: solitary, in form of a 

 lens. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Corolla: ringent. Cap- 

 sule: two-celled, bursting with an elastic nail. Stamina- 

 each a pair of alternate antherae. All these plants, except 

 the first species, being natives of the East or West Indies, 

 and other hot countries, must be preserved in the bark-stove. 

 The species are, 



1. Dianthera Americana. Spikes solitary, alternate. It is 

 a low herbaceous plant, with a perennial root, which sends 

 out several weak stalks about four inches long ; the 1* 



are roundish, hairy, sessile, of a dark green colour, and an 

 aromatic odour ; the flowers are produced from the side of 

 the stalks in small spikes, and are in shape and colour \. r\ 

 like those of Clinopodium. They come out at the end of 

 July, but rarely produce seeds in England. Native of Vir- 

 ginia and other parts of North America. This plant is very- 

 difficult to preserve in England ; for although it be hardy 

 enough to endure the open air, yet it is very subject to n.t 

 in winter ; and if it be placed under shelter, is apt to draw 

 up weak, and soon after to decay. 



2. Dianthera Comata. Spikes filiform, verticilled, the 

 lower umbelled. Stem herbaceous, a foot high, somewhat 

 branched and erect, angular, jointed, smooth; the j, 

 swelling. According to Brown, it generally rises to the 

 height of two or three feet, and is plentifully furnished with 

 slender subdivided branches near the top; seeds two in each 

 cell. Native of the low lands of Jamaica, where it is called 

 balsam herb. 



3. Dianthera Japonica. Peduncle axillary, solitary, sus- 

 taining from two to four flowers ; bractes oblong, ciliate. 

 Root annual: stem herbaceous, erect, six-cornered, ver\ finely 

 villose, kneed, swelling above the knee, but little branched, 

 a foot in height ; corolla purple, a little longer than the 

 braetes, with a curved cylindric tube. Native of Nagasaki 

 in Japan ; flowering in August. 



4. Dianthera Cicrulea. Umbel fascicled, sessile, quite 

 simple. Native of Botany Island, near New Caledonia. 



5. Dianthfra ( lavata. Panicle subumbelled, compound; 

 peduncles dilated at the end. Native of the N 

 Islands. 



C. Dianthera Paniculata. Panicles axillary ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, tomcntnse. A shrub, five feet high," with an erect 

 stalk and brachiate branches ; leaves quite entire, oppo- 

 site ; segments of the calix filiform ; corolla white, with a 

 long slender tube. Native of Cochin-China. 



7. Dianthera Punctata. Stem herbaceous ; spikes n-nni- 



