512 



E R I 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL: 



ERI 



78. Erica Vagans ; Wandering Heath. Flowers solitary; 

 corollas bell-shaped ; style standing out. Stem like that of 

 Empetrum, shrubby, somewhat rugged; the extreme branches 

 whitish and divaricating; leaves in fours, seldom in fives, 

 linear, bluntish, sometimes smoothish, sometimes a little 

 rugged, beneath convex and channelled, shortish, crowded; 

 flowers on the sides of the branchlets, scattered, peduncled ; 

 calix coloured, erect, concave, very short; corolla blunt ; 

 anthers without any tail, two-parted ; stigma simple. This 

 and the 81st species are supposed to be the same. Native 

 of Africa. See the twelfth species. 



79. Erica Herbacea ; Early -flowering Du.arf Heath. 

 Flowers directed all one way; corollas oblong; style stand- 

 ing out. This is a small shrub, from a foot to eighteen inches 

 in height, decumbent at bottom, then upright, branched, 

 flexible. Leaves almost covering the whole stem, deciduous, 

 resembling those of the Fir, thickish, having a prominent nerve, 

 narrow, very sharp, smooth; flowers at the tops of the branch- 

 lets, on short peduncles, alternate, among the leaves ; they 

 come out in autumn, continue closed in winter, and are then 

 green; in May, the year following, the flowers are unfolded, 

 the anthers which were enclosed are protruded, the calix 

 and corolla opening are both changed into a pale purple or 

 flesh-colour. Native of Austria, Switzerland, and Silesia. 

 See the twelfth species. 



80. Erica Muhiflora; Many-flowered Heath. Leaves in 

 fives; flowers scattered; corollas cylindric; style standing 

 out. Stem the height of a man; leaves in fours or fives, 

 spreading, obtuse, gibbous at the base; flowers purplish. It 

 flowers from June to November. Native of the south of 

 Europe. See the 12th species. 



81. Erica Didyma ; Double-ant hcred Heath. Leaves in 

 fives ; peduncles scattered, longer than the flower; corollas 

 bell-shaped; anthers twin ; style standing out. Stems twist- 

 ed, trailing; branches* between scored and angular, light red- 

 dish brown, the more slender shoots ash-coloured, all lateral, 

 to seven or more rising from the same point in the manner of 

 an umbel ; leaves linear, somewhat like those of Fir, bowed 

 sideways, smooth, but not glossy ; flowers roundish, on long 

 slender peduncles from the sides of the branches, beginning 

 from below the middle, and extending to the ends, continuing 

 on, at least in the cultivated plants, till the next season ; 

 corolla truly bell-shaped, pointed at the base, cloven near 

 half way down ; segments broad, soon coming to a bluntish 

 point, spreading, generally of a pale flesh-colour, approach- 

 ing to white, but sometimes with a deep tinge of purple; fila- 

 ments capillary, somewhat flatted, white, as long as the 

 corolla; seeds reddish brown. Found on heaths; as on 

 Goonhilly-downs, going from Helston to the Lizard Point, 

 in Cornwall. It flowers from June to August. See the 

 first species. 



82. Erica Mediterranea; Mediterranean Heath- Leaves 

 spreading; flowers scattered ; corollas ovate; style standing 

 out. Branches whitish, angular ; leaves in fours, seldom in 

 fives, even ; flowers lateral ; calix simple, coloured, lanceo- 

 late-acute, shorter by half than the corolla; style twice as 

 Ions as the corolla. It flowers from March till May. Na- 

 tive of the south of Europe. See the 12th species. 



83. Erica Grandiflora ; Great-flowered Heath. Leaves in 

 sixes or thereabouts, acerose, smooth ; flowers axillary, pe- 

 duncled; corollas cylindric, subincurved, smooth; style elon- 

 gated. It flowers from May to July. Native of the Cape. 



84. Erica Tetragona ; Four-sided Heath. Leaves in 

 threes ; flowers in racemes, pointing all the same way ; calix 

 linear; corolla four-cornered, oblong; style included. Flow- 

 ers yellow. Native of the Cape. 



85. Erica Pyramidalis ; Pyramidal Heath. Antherae awn- 

 less, included ; corollas funnel-shaped, in fours ; style a liltle 

 protruded ; leaves in fours, pubescent. .Native of the Cape 

 of Good Hope. 



Erigeron; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Polyga- 

 mia Superflua. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: common 

 oblong, cylindric, imbricate; scales subulate, upright, gra- 

 dually longer, nearly equal. Corolla: compound, rayed; 

 corollas hermaphrodite, tubular in the disk; females ligulate 

 in the ray ; proper of the hermaphrodite funnel-form ; border 

 five-cleft; of the female ligulale, linear, subulate, upright, 

 commonly quite entire. Stamina: in the hermaphrodites; tila- 

 menta five, capillary, very short; antheree cylindric, tubular. 

 Pistil: in the hermaphrodites; germen very small, crowned 

 with a down longer than its corollet; style filiform, length of 

 the down ; stigmas two, very slender. Pericarp: none; the 

 calix converging. Seeds : in the hermaphrodites oblong, small ; 

 down long, hairy; of the females, extremely like the herma- 

 phrodites. Receptacle: naked, flat. Observe. The inmost 

 or intermediate florets of the disk are commonly males: one 

 species 'has female florets. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Recep- 

 tacle: naked. Down: hairy. Florets of the ray linear, nu- 

 merous, and very narrow. The species are, 



1. Erigeron Viscosum; Clammy Erigeron. Peduncles 

 one-flowered, lateral ; leaves lanceolate, toothletted in the 

 middle, reflex at the base; calices squarrose; corollas radi- 

 ate. Stem upright, stiff, striated, hairy, viscid, branched 

 from the very bottom, near three feet high ; leaves stem-clasp- 

 ing, thick, rough with hairs, having glands between them, 

 exuding a clammy juice, strong-scented, rounded ; on the 

 branches linear, entire; flowers single, on pretty long foot- 

 stalks, some from the side, others from the end of the stalk ; 

 they are yellow, have an agreeable odour, and appear in July. 

 Native of the south of France, Italy, Sicily, Portugal, and 

 Spain, by way-sides, and on the borders of vineyards. It is 

 used to drive away fleas and gnats, the strong scent, as some 

 suppose, being disagreeable to those insects; but it is proba- 

 ble they are caught by the clammy juice of the leaves and 

 stalks. The old name of this plant is Great Sweet Fleabnnc, 

 or Great Fleaivort.lt is propagated by seeds, which, if sown 

 in autumn, will more certainly succeed tlum those which are 

 sown in the spring. When the plants come up, they should 

 be thinned, if they are too close, and kept clean from weeds 

 till, autumn, when they should be transplanted where they are 

 to remain. They delight in a dry soil and sunny exposure. 

 The second year the plants will flower and perfect their seeds, 

 but the roots will continue several years, and annually pro- 

 duce their flowers and seeds. 



2. Erigeron Graveolens : Strong-smelling Erigeron. 

 Leaves subliuear, quite entire; branches lateral, many- 

 flowered. Hoot annual ; stems upright, purplish, hairy, and 

 viscid, from eight or ten to eighteen inches in height, striated, 

 branched the whole length ; branches palulous, at bottom 

 longer, alternate, simple, crowded, all flowering ; leaves ses- 

 sile, narrow, lanceolate, quite entire, a little scabrous, with 

 very small hairs, viscid at the end, scattered over them, ?t ; 

 smoliine, of a russet dusky colour; corolla yellow, small, 

 with a minute upright ray of five or six florets, purplish un- 

 derneath. In gardens the s'alks are sliii'. and about three 

 feet high ; the flowers are pioduced in close bunch' s, (Vcm 

 the side of the stalk towards the top; they appear in July, 

 and in \\uini seasons the seeds ripen in KngianJ. It was for- 

 merly called Small True Flcabane. It is a native of the south 

 of France and Italy, and very common near Madrid. 



'^. Erigeron Glutinosum ; Glutinous Bfiyrron. Leaves 

 lanceolate-linear, hairy, viscid; peduncles one-iluwered. Hoot 





