540 



E U P 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



E U P 



sustaining a few very small flowers. The leaves liave fre- 

 quently a brown spot ; calices purple ; petals white. Annual ; 

 and a native of India. See the twenty-fourth species. 



37. Euphorbia Canescens. Leaves entire, roundish, hairy; 

 flowers solitary, axillary; stems procumbent. Annual ; and a 

 native of Spain, particularly in the province of La Mancha. 



38. Euphorbia Chamsesyce; Ci-enated Annual Spurge. 

 Leaves crenulate, roundish, smooth ; flowers solitary, axil- 

 lary ; stems procumbent ; seeds roundish, angular, black. 

 Native of the south of Europe, especially of the kingdom of 

 Valencia in Spain, also of Siberia and Mesopotamia; and by 

 way-sides and barren fields in the West Indies. 



39. Euphorbia Rubra. Leaves wedge-shaped, emarginate, 

 imbricate; umbels bifid; corollas five-petalled ; root annual ; 

 seeds whitish, with red grooves. Native of Spain, near Aran- 

 juez, flowering in April and May. 



40. Euphorbia Granulata. Dichotomous; leaves opposite, 

 oblong, quite entire ; flowers solitary, axillary ; stems procum- 

 bent. Native country unknown. 



41. Euphorbia Peplis; Purple Spurge. Leaves quite en- 

 tire, semicordate; flowers solitary, axillary ; stems procum- 

 bent ; root long, slender, fibrous ; seeds smooth, tipped with 

 purple. It is annual, and flowers in July and August. 

 Gerarde calls it hope Spurge. Native of the south of 

 France, Spain, Carniola, and found also on the sea-coast of 

 England, between Penzance and Market-jew in Cornwall, 

 and near Exmouth in Devonshire. 



42. Euphorbia Polygonifolia ; Knotgrass-leaved Spurge. 

 Leaves opposite, quite entire, lanceolate, obtuse; flowers 

 solitary, axillary; stems procumbent. Annual. Native of 

 Maryland and Virginia. 



43. Euphorbia Graminea. Leaves lanceolate, elliptic, pe- 

 tioled, quite entire; stern upright; peduncles dichotomous ; 

 calix bell-shaped, hirsute within ; petals two, roundish, quite 

 entire, white; capsules shining, smooth, small. Native of 

 wet grassy places near Carthagena in New Spain. 



44. Euphorbia Ipecacuanhas. Leaves quite entire, lanceo- 

 late; peduncles axillary, one-flowered, equalling the leaves; 

 stem upright; root creeping; calix thick. Native of Vir- 

 ginia and Canada. 



45. Euphorbia Portulacoides ; Purslain-leaved Spurge. 

 Leaves quite entire, oval, retuse ; peduncles axillary, one- 

 flowered, equalling the leaves; stem upright, nearly a foot 

 high. Native of Philadelphia. 



46. Euphorbia Myrtifolia; Myrtle-leaved Spurge. Leaves 

 quite entire, roundish, emarginate, hoary underneath ; flowers 

 solitary ; stem upright, shrubby, one to two feet high. Native 

 of the cooler mountains of Jamaica. See the 24th species. 



47. Euphorbia Imbricata. Umbel dichotomous, bifid ; in- 

 volucels roundish, mucronate; leaves obovate, imbricate, 

 serrulate; stem fruticulose. This is a small shrub, a little 

 more than a hand in height, branched at the base ; branches 

 simple, round, covered with leaves, toothletted where the 

 It-lives fail, smooth, as is the whole plant; petals quite entire; 

 stamina numerous; filamenta whitish. Native of Portugal. 



*** Umbel Irijid. 



48. Euphorbia Peplus ; Petty Spurge. Umbel dichoto- 

 mous ; involucels ovate; leaves quite entire, obovate, pe- 

 tioled ; root annual. Stem upright, nine inches high, round, 

 smooth, and branched ; at bottom harder, more slender, and 

 of a reddish colour, leafy, and milky; branches few, not 

 growing in any regular order, the lower ones longest. It is a 

 native of most parts of Europe, in kitchen gardens, and other 

 rich cultivated soil. It flowers in July and August. There 

 is a variety of this species, which has ovate-lanceolate sharp 

 leaves. The involucre is of the same form with the leaves ; 



hut the involucels are obliquely cordate. -Found in Savoy, 

 and about MoritpellicT. 



49. Euphorbia Falcata. Umbel dichotomous; involucels 

 subcordate, inucronale ; leaves lanceolate, bluntish. Native 

 of the south of France, Switzerland, Germany, and Austria. 



50. Euphorbia Exigua; Dwarf Spurge. Umbel dichotom- 

 ous; involucels lanceolate; leaves linear; root annual; stem 

 upright, branched, very leafy, about six inches high ; branches 

 from the lower part of the stem ; leaves pressed to the stem, 

 ending very sharp; umbel trifi,d, quadrifid, seldom quinquefid, 

 dichotomous. This small and delicate species is found in 

 corn-fields in many parts of Europe, flowering from July to 

 September. There is a variety, which Linneus affirms to be 

 sharp-leaved on hills, and retuse in meadows. Cavanilles, 

 on the contrary, says, that he has found the latter on sandy 

 hills, and the. former in corn-fields; and Krocker observed 

 both in corn-fields. 



51. Euphorbia Obliterata. Leaves oblong, trapczoid, ser- 

 rate-, pubescent, obliterated on one side of the base ; stems 

 hirsute. Native of Carthagena in New Spain, on the sandy 

 coast: found also in Jamaica. 



5G. Euphorbia Tuberosa. Involucre four-leaved ; stem 

 naked ; leaves oblong, emarginate ; root tuberose. The 

 leaves are nearly an inch and a half in length, and almost 

 half an inch in breadth, on petioles two or three inches long, 

 springing from the root; they are blunt at the end, and 

 sometimes emarginate. The stems are scarcely a hand and 

 a half in height, naked, dividing at top into two peduncles, 

 each sustaining two flowers ; there are two leaves at the 

 division; capsules large, hairy. Native of Africa. 



53. Euphorbia Divaricata. Umbel tritid or quadrifid ; 

 stem shrubby, trichotomous. This is a smooth lactescent 

 species, with round shrubby branches ; the older ones ash- 

 coloured, the younger reddish brown, marked by the cica- 

 trices of the fallen leaves ; leaves very narrow, and lanceo- 

 late, obtuse, entire, with very short footstalks, and very nu- 

 merous; the terminating umbels are generally trifid, with 

 dichotomous rays; the leaves forming the smaller umbels 

 are roundish; petals four, sometimes five, dull yellow, 

 roundish, flat, and obtuse; perianth hairy; antherte yellow, 

 green ; germen pale green ; capsule smooth. Native country 

 unknown. 



***** Umbel quadrifid. 



54. Euphorbia Lalhyris ; Ctiper Spia-i/e. Umbel dichotom- 

 ous ; leaves opposite, quite entire. The stem is upright and 

 succulent, from tliree to four fret high, with oblong, smooth, 

 sessile leaves, the upper part dichotomous; an umbel comes 

 out from each division, that in the first division being the 

 largest, and those in the upper the smallest. The flowers are 

 of a greenish yellow colour, appear in June and July, and 

 the fruit follows soon after. U was common in our English 

 gardens in the time of Gerarde, and is a native of France 

 and Italy. This plant is vulgarly called the Caper Bush, 

 and will become a weed in gardens where it is allowed to 

 scatter its seeds ; and when once introduced, requires no care, 

 but to keep the young plants clean from weeds. 



55. Euphorbia Terracina ; Doubtful Spurge. Umbel dicho- 

 tomous ; leaves alternate, lanceolate, retuse, mucronate, a 

 linger broad ; root annual ; stem herbaceous, more than half 

 a foot in height, round ; involucre consisting of about four 

 leaves, which are oblong, ovate, blunt, broader than the 

 leaves, scarcely seriate ; involucels ovate-truncate at the 

 base; petals yellowish, with two or three teeth; capsules 

 smooth. From the lower axils of the leaves proceed barren 

 branches. Native of Spain, and the south of France. 



56. Euphorbia Diti'usa; Spreading Spurge. Umbel four 



