EUP 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



EUP 



543 



lanceolate, very obtuse ; petals membranaceous, erect, snow- 

 white, spread out flat in fives, not shaped like a petal, but very 

 slender. Native of Virginia and Canada. 



80. Euphorbia Coralloides; Coral-stalked Spurge. Umbel 

 quinquefid, trifid, dichotomous ; involucels ovate ; leaves 

 lanceolate; steins quite simple, annual, round, rush-like, 

 upright; petals four, entire; capsules globular, scarcely 

 grooved, covered with a thin long white wool. Native of 

 Sicily, Barbary, and the Levant. 



81. Euphorbia Pilosa ; Hairy Spurge. Umbel quinquefid, 

 trifid, bifid ; involucels ovate ; petals entire ; leaves lanceo- 

 late, somewhat hairy, serrulate at the tip; root perennial. 

 The umbels are so "confounded with the lateral umbellets, 

 that the primary one is distinguished with difficulty ; the petals 

 and involucres are yellow ; the primary flowers are male, and 

 five-petalled, the rest hermaphrodite, and four-petalled ; the 

 petals are transversely oval ; capsules warted, with very fine 

 white hairs scattered over them ; there are barren branches 

 from the lower axils of the leaves. It flowers from May to 

 August, and is a native of Siberia. 



82. Euphorbia Orientalis ; Willow-leaved Spurge. Umbel 

 quinquefid, quadrifid.dichotomous; involucels roundish, acute; 

 leaves lanceolate ; root perennial ; stems many, succulent, 

 three feet high, covered with a purple bark ; the upper part 

 of the stalks divides, and in the fork is situated an umbel of 

 flowers of a greenish yellow colour, appearing in June, and 

 ripening: seed in August. Native of the Levant. 



83. Euphorbia Platyphyllos ; Broad Notch-leaved Spurge, 

 Umbel quinquefid, trifid, dichotomous; invokcels hairy along 

 the keel ; leaves serrate, lanceolate ; capsules warted ; root 

 annual; stem upright, from a foot to two or three feet high, 

 smooth ; petals entire, suborbiculate, yellow ; germina ob- 

 scurely warted ; a trifid umbellet grows from the axils of the 

 leaves. The upper part of the plant is of a greenish-yellow. 

 Native of England, France, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, 

 Carniola, and Piedmont, in corn-fields. It has been found 

 in England, at Black Notley in Essex ; between Harefield 

 common and Battle's-well ; near Northfleet ; at Ripton in 

 Huntingdonshire; and in the Isle of Wight. 



84. Euphorbia Glauca. Umbel subquinquefid; involucres 

 and involucels ovate ; leaves scattered, oblong-lanceolate, 

 quite entire ; stem frutescent. Native of New Zealand. 



**** Umbel multijid. 



85. Euphorbia Esula ; Gromwell- leaved Spurge. Umbel 

 multifid, bifid; involucels subcordate; petals obscurely two- 

 horned ; leaves on the barren and fertile branches the same. 

 Perennial : stem a foot, eighteen inches, or two feet in height, 

 upright, round, smooth, sea-green, much branched, leafy. 

 All the flowers fertile, according to Linneus ; but Scopoli 

 says, that those on the first divisions are male; petals four, 

 yellowish, obscurely horned ; capsules smooth, somewhat 

 warted on the prominent parts. The milk is very acrid. 

 Native of France, Holland, Germany, Switzerland, Carniola, 

 and Savoy. 



86. Euphorbia Seguierii. Umbels multifid, bifid, dicho- 

 toraous ; involucels kidney-form, acuminate; petals mooned ; 

 capsules smooth ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate. The lateral 

 umbels are so crowded together at the top of the stalk as hardly 

 to be distinguished from the primary one; the rays half a foot 

 long, angular, twice bifid ; flowers between the branches 

 barren and deciduous, the rest fertile and peduncled ; petals 

 four, red ; capsule without warts or hairs, but somewhat 

 wrinkled on the back of each lobe. Native of Istria, Verona, 

 and Piedmont. 



87. Euphorbia Gerardiana. Umbel dichotomous; invo- 

 lucels roundish; petals quite entire; branches none; leaves 



all of one form. Perennial ; stems procumbent, a foot in 

 length ; peduncles from the upper axils simple, fertile; flowers 

 sessile, in threes; petals four, broad, blunt, truncated ; cap- 

 sules smooth. Native of Provence and Austria. 



88. Euphorbia Cyparissias ; Cypress Spurge. Umbel 

 dichotomous; involucels subcordate; branches, barren with 

 setaceous, fertile with lanceolate leaves. This bears a great 

 resemblance to the eighty-fifth species, and in the spring the 

 umbels are very much alike ; this however differs in being 

 larger ; in having leaves not all alike, but the upper ones, or 

 those of the branches, bristle-shaped or linear ; the lower, or 

 those of the stem, lanceolate ; the involucre consisting of 

 about twenty leaves, which are broader; the involucels two- 

 leaved, ovate-cordate, yellowish or reddish; the petals cres- 

 cent-shaped, yellow; capsules smooth according to some, 

 and warted according to others. As the umbel withers, 

 lateral branches with very narrow filiform leaves grow up, 

 resembling the Pine. It is a native of the South of France, 

 Germany, Austria, Carniola, Switzerland, and Piedmont, 

 where it is found on hills, by road-sides, and in dry barren 

 places. It flowers from May to September in England ; and 

 Parkinson informs us, that it was often found in the country 

 gardens of poor folks, who knew it by the name of Welcome- 

 to- our-house ; from which we may presume it was a favourite 

 plant, and probably then much used as a purgative. The 

 Spurges were at that time also much in request, not only for 

 taking away warts, but for curing the leprosy, and other ctrta- 

 neotis disorders. 



89. Euphorbia Myrsinites ; Glaucous Spurge. Umbel with 

 about eight bifid rays ; involucels subovate ; leaves spatulate, 

 spreading, fleshy, mucronate, scabrous at the edge ; root per- 

 ennial ; stems many, a foot long, trailing, with scars at bot- 

 tom from the fallen leaves ; these are alternate, succulent, 

 concave, sea-green, sessile, the upper ones reflex ; flowers 

 within the primary and secondary involucels male, the rest 

 hermaphrodite ; ralices serrate about the edge ; petals four, 

 yellow, horned with round tips, shining ; capsules smooth. It 

 flowers from April to June.^-Native of the South of France, 

 Spain, and Italy. 



90. Euphorbia Palustris; Marsh Spurge. Umbel multifid, 

 subtrifid, bifid; involucels ovate ; leaves lanceolate; branches 

 barren ; root perennial-; stem three, four, or five feet high, 

 round, smooth, with branches towards the top, which are 

 alternate, and shorter than the stem. The primary flowers 

 male, five-petalled, abortive ; the secondary hermaphrodite, 

 four-petalled ; calix very pale yellow; petals entire, yellow, 

 blunt, not horned ; capsules warted. Native of Sweden, 

 Denmark, Germany, Holland, Switzerland, France, and Pied- 

 mont. It flowers from May to August. 



91. Euphorbia Hibcrnica ; Irish Spurge. Umbel multifid, 

 bifid; involucels ovate ; leaves oblong, emarginate, somewhat 

 villose underneath ; stem simple ; capsules warted-ramenta- 

 ceous ; root perennial ; stems several, a foot or more in 

 height, upright, unbranched, round, smooth, very light green, 

 with red blotches here and there. The number of rays in the 

 umbel is usually five, but sometimes on the middle and, 

 stronger stems another ray or two branches out, with a leaf 

 or two under each somewhat bigger than the rest ; of the two 

 flowers on each ray, one only usually comes to maturity ; the 

 flower has usually five petals, but sometimes only four. Mr. 

 Ray relates the case of a boy who was killed by a dose of th 

 juice of this plant. Native of Ireland, in the mountains of 

 Munster, where it is known by the name of Makinboy. It 

 flowers in May and June; and is said to have been found near 

 Twickenham park, over against Richmond ; near Otterspoot, 

 Herts ; and between Feversham and Sittingbourn, in Kent. 



