546 



EX A 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



EYE 



style the length of the corolla; stigma thickened. Native of 

 the East Indies. 



3. Exacum Aureum. Leaves sessile ; stamina protruded ; 

 root annual ; stem a handbreadth high, dichotomous, slightly 

 four-cornered, smooth, brachiate; peduncles from the divi- 

 sions one-flowered, the length of the flower; calix five- 

 leaved ; corolla yellow, salver-shaped, four-cleft ; segments 

 lanceolate, sharp; filamenta bristle-form; antherse oblong. 

 Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



4. Exacum Sessile. Flowers four-cleft, lateral, and termi- 

 nating; capsules nodding; leaves heart-shaped ; stem erect, 

 a span high, four-cornered, even, simple, dichotomous; 

 flowers from the divisions of the stem, solitary, sessile, larger 

 than the leaves. Native of the East Indies. 



5. Exacum Cordatum. Flowers five-cleft ; calicine leaflets 

 heart-shaped, striated ; corolla yellow, salver-shaped ; tube 

 cylindric, longer than the calix; border five-parted, obovate : 

 filamenta short, in the throat of the corolla ; antheroe ob- 

 long ; style the length of the stamina. Native of the Cape. 



6. Exacum Guianense. Corollas four-cleft ; calices mem- 

 branaceous, keeled, even. This plant is often scarcely a 

 finger's height, with a stem either quite simple or very little 

 branched, and quite smooth, upright, and sharply four- 

 cornered ; leaves lanceolate, opposite, attenuated, the lower 

 ones shorter and sharp; peduncles terminating, or from the 

 upper axils, solitary, one-flowered, very short, angular. 

 Native of Cayenne. 



7. Exacum Spicatum. Flowers spiked, in whorls of threes ; 

 leaves lanceolate ; stem herbaceous, two feet high, erect, 

 quite simple, except that sometimes there are two flower- 

 ing branches from the last axils, obscurely four-cornered, 

 without decurrent lines, smooth, the whole plant also is very 

 smooth ; spike terminating, erect, pyramidal, almost a span 

 long, with abundance of flowers ; corolla twice the length of 

 the calix, with a cylindrical tube ; border, before it is un- 

 folded, four-cornered, attenuated, rolled up spirally at the 

 top ; divisions lanceolate, the length of the tube ; antheree 

 sagittate. Native of Cayenne. 



8. Exacum Ramosum. Flowers subspiked, opposite; leaves 

 lanceolate; stem erect, branched. The whole plant is smooth ; 

 flowers distant, on very short pedicels, with two bristle-shaped 

 appressed bractes at the base of the calix, which is one-leafed, 

 oblong, four-cleft ; the clefts lanceolate, attenuated, meinbra- 

 naceous at the edge ; segments of the corolla ovate-acute. 

 Native of Guiana. 



9. Exacum Punctatum. Leaves on very short petioles, 

 oblong, three-nerved, dotted ; stamina protruded. This is 

 larger than the other species; corolla bluish; stamina yel- 

 low. Native of the East Indies. 



10. Exacum Viscosum. Leaves oblong, nerved, embra- 

 cing; flowers five-cleft; bractes heart-shaped, perforate, 

 longer than the calix; root perennial; stem somewhat 

 shrubby, erect, roundish ; three feet high ; branches opposite, 

 erect, slightly quadrangular, green, leafy, many-flowered ; 

 flowers of an elegant golden colour, inodorous, slightly 

 drooping. Native of the Canary Islands. 



Excacaria; a genus of the class Dioecia, order Triandria. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Male. Calix: ament cylindric, 

 covered with floscules. Corolla: none. Stamina: filamenta 

 three, filiform ; antheree roundish. Female. Calix : ament 

 as in the male. Corolla: none. Pistil: germen roundish, 

 slightly three-sided; styles three; stigmas simple. Peri- 

 carp : berry tricoccous, smooth ; divisions marked out by a 

 furrow. Seeds: solitary, smooth. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Ament : naked. Calix and Corolla : none ; styles three ; 

 capsules tricoccous. The species are, 



1. Excoecaria Agallocha. Capsule small, the size of a 

 juniper-berry, subglobular, three-grooved, smooth, black, 

 three-celled, of a papery substance, not divided within into 

 three distinct grains, but merely opening when pressed by 

 three valves ; seeds one in each cell, subglobular, acuminate 

 at top, convex on one side, very bluntly angular on the 

 other. Native of Amboyna and Tongataboo. 



2. Excoecaria Cochin-chinensis. Leaves two-coloured, 

 shining ; scales of the ament many-flowered. This species is 

 an arboreous shrub, about eight feet high, with the stem and 

 branches irregular, spreading, reclining. The female flowers 

 have three long, awf-sbaped, reflex stigmas ; capsule three- 

 lobed, somewhat fleshy, red, small, three-celled ; seeds ovate, 

 smooth and even. It has an astringent agglutinating qua- 

 lity; the whole plant abounds in a glutinous milky juice, 

 which has not the reputation of destroying the sight, nor is 

 the agallochum, even of a bastard sort, found in it. Native 

 both of China and Cochin-china, where it is cultivated for 

 the beauty of its red leaves. 



Exoacantha ; a genus of the class Penlandria, order Di- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: umbel universal 

 manifold, spreading, the inner rays gradually smaller, the in- 

 most very short ; partial manifold ; involucre universal with 

 rays, usually twelve, channelled, spiny at the end ; partial 

 halved, with the middle ray very long, similar to the rays of 

 the involucre ; perianth proper scarcely observable. Corolla: 

 universal uniform ; proper five-petalled ; petals inflex, heart- 

 shaped, equal. Stamina: filamenta five, capillary, longer 

 than the corolla ; antheree roundish. Pistil: germen inferior, 

 ovate; styles two, shorter, straight; stigmas two, simple. 

 Pericarp: fruit subovate, striated, bipartite. Seeds: two, 

 ovate, convex and striated on one side, flat on the other. 

 Observe. This genus is allied to Echinophora, but with un- 

 calicled flowers, all hermaphrodite, equal petals, and naked 

 seeds. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Involucre: spiny; in- 

 volucels halved, with unequal rays; flowers all hermaphro- 

 dite, with equal inflex heart-shaped petals. Seeds: ovate, 

 striated. The only known species is, 



1. Exoacantha Heterophylla. Leaves pinnate; smooth; 

 root-leaflets ovate, toothed, gashed ; stem-leaves lanceolate, 

 acute, usually entire, with the middle leaflet very long; 

 root simple, thickish, biennial ; stem two feet high or more, 

 striated, subflexiiose, smooth ; the two umbels have about 

 forty rays; those of the umbellule nearly equal; anthers 

 yellowish. Found near Nazareth, in Judea. 



Eyebright. See Euphrasiu. 



FAG 



FAGARA ; a genus of the class Tetrandria, order Mo- 

 nogynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth four- 

 cleft, very small ; leaflets concave, permanent. Corolla : pe- 

 tals four, oblongish, concave, spreading. Stamina : filamenta 

 four, or from three to eight, longer than the corolla; an- 

 thene ovate. Pistil: gerroen ovate; style filiform, length 



FAG 



of the corolla ; stigma two-lobed, obtusish. Pericarp: cap- 

 sules globular, one-celled, (or two-celled, according to Gart- 

 ner,) and two-valved. Seed: single, round, bright. ESSEN- 

 TIAL CHARACTER. Calix : four-cleft. Corolla: four-pe- 



talled. Capsules: two-valved, with one seed. These are 



tender plants, and must be kept constantly in the bark-stove. 



