572 



FLO 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



FOR 



grooved. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Male. Calix: five- 

 parted. Corolla: none. Stamina: very numerous. Female. 

 Calix : many-leaved. Corolla : none. Germen : superior. 



Styles five to nine. Berry many-celled. The only known 



species is, 



1. Flaconrlia Ramontchi. This is a small tree, or rather 

 shrub, very bushy, thorny, and growing to the height of eight 

 or ten feet: stem erect, branching, round, leprous, ash- 

 coloured ; branches with their subdivisions alternate, patulous, 

 round, thorny, dotted with tubercles, bay-coloured; suckers 

 at first without thorns, but some acquiring them, scarcely 

 pubescent, purplish ; leaves alternate, pelioled, spreading, 

 ovate or oval, sharp, crenulate, serrate, almost entire at the 

 base, smooth and shining, of a firm texture, and resembling 

 those of the plum ; racemes terminating, erect, peduncled ; 

 flowers two to seven, pedicelled. The fruit is the size and 

 shape of a small plum, green when young, of a beautiful red 

 when ripe, and finally of a dark violet colour; the skin is 

 very thin, and the flesh transparent red, of the same con- 

 sistence with our common plums : in the middle are a dozen 

 or fourteen small kernels, the size of those in the apple, and 

 nearly of the same shape ; they are bitterish, like our apricot 

 kernels, and covered with a tender shell. The natives eat 

 the fruit, which is sweet, but leaves a slight sharpness in the 

 mouth. An island on the coast of Madagascar is covered 

 with these trees ; and because they resemble the European 

 plum-tree, the French sailors have named that island, Isle 

 atuc Prunes, or Plum-tree Inland. 



Flag, Common. See Iris. 



Flag, Corn. See Gladiolus. 



Plug, Sweet. See Acorus. 



Flagellaria; a genus of the class Hexandria, order Trigy- 

 nia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth six-leaved, 

 equal ; leaflets ovate, permanent, the outer ones sharper. 

 Corolla : none. Stamina : filamenta six, filiform, almost the 

 length of the calix ; antherte oblong. Pistil: germen ovate, 

 very small ; style length of the stamina, trifid ; stigmas three, 

 simple, flattish, permanent. Pericarp: drupe roundish, one- 

 celled, crowned with the flower. Seed: a round stone or 

 nucleus. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: six-parted. Co- 

 rolla: none. Berry: one-seeded, (two cells of the nucleus 

 .small and abortive.) The plants of this genus are propa- 

 gated by sowing the seeds in small pots of light earth, and 

 plunging them in a bark-bed : when they are fit to trans- 

 plant, place them singly in small pots, shading them till they 



have stricken root, and gently supplying them with water. 



The species are, 



1. Flagellaria Indica. Stem round, climbing; leaves ovate, 

 terminated by a tendril. Loureiro describes it as twenty feet 

 high; the flowers white, in a loose terminating raceme; calix 

 six-parted; stamina eight, short ; fruit a smooth red berry, 

 juicy, and enclosing one seed. The leaves, he says, are 

 astringent, and esteemed vulnerary. Native of the East 

 Indies, Cochin-china, and of Guinea. 



2. Flagellaria Repens. Stem angular, creeping; leaves 

 jointed in pairs; flowers terminating, with a long bundled 

 spadix, and a linear common spathe. The stem is twelve 

 feet high, creeping upon trees by lateral fibres, but preserv- 

 ing its original root. Native of Cochin-china. 



Flea. See Linum. 



Flax, Toad. See Antirrhinum Linaria. 



Fleabane. See Conyza. 



Fleagrass. See Carer. 



Fleawort. See Plantar/o. 



Flix-weed. See Sisymbrium Sophia. 



Flos Adonis. See Adonis. 



Flower de Luce. See Irit. 



Flower Fence. See AdenantJiera. 



Flowering Fern. See Osmunda Regalia. 



Flowering Rush. See Uutomus. 



Fluellin. See Antirrhinum and Veronica. 



Fly Honeysuckle. See Halleria and Lonicera. 



Fly Orchis. See Op/irys. 



Fceniculum. See Anelhum. 



Fontunesia ; a genus of the class Diandria, order Monogy- 

 nia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: four-parted, inferior, 

 very small, permanent, blunt at the ends. Corolla : two- 

 petalled ; petals two-parted ; parts ovate, obtuse, concave. 

 Stamina : filamenta two, long, filiform, inserted into the 

 claws of the corolla ; antberse oblong, two-grooved. Pistil: 

 germen ovate; style compressed, shorter than the stamina : 

 stigmas two, inflex-hooked. Pericarp: capsule not opening, 

 subovate, emarginate, compressed, membranaceous, in the 

 centre two-celled, (very rarely three-celled,) three-winged. 

 Seeds: solitary, oblong-columnar. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Calix: four-parted, inferior; petals two, two-parted; capsule 

 membranaceous, not opening, two-celled ; cells one-seeded. 

 The only known species is, 



1. Fontanesia Phillyrioides. Stem frutescent, erect, twelve 

 feet high ; branches opposite, erect, the younger ones quad- 

 rangular; leaves evergreen, opposite, veined underneath, the 

 lower ones ovate ; petioles short, knee-jornted ; flowers axil- 

 lary, yellow. The corolla may be considered as one-petalled 

 and four-parted, with two of the parts more deeply cut, for 

 the filamenta are inserted into the corolla. It is allied there- 

 fore to Fraxinus and Chionanthus; but it differs from the 

 tirst in having a two-celled fruit, and from the second in the 

 fruit being a capsule, and not a drupe. Native of Syria, be- 

 tween Laodicea and Mount Cassius. 



Fonttnalis ; a genus of the class Cryptogamia, order Musci, 

 or Mosses. GENERIC CHARACTER. CapSule : oblong, with 

 the month ciliate; opening with an acuminate lid; covered 

 with a sessile, smooth, conical veil; and included in a pitcher- 

 shaped, imbricate perichatium. Linneus mentions only four 

 species, which are all natives of England, and may be found 

 in Mr. Hudson's Flora Anylica. The three first are water- 

 mosses, and the last grows on trees. Dr. Withering has 

 enumerated two more species ; and several others have been 

 discovered by Swartz in the West Indies, and one in Cochin- 

 china by Loureiro. 



Fool's Parsley. See jEthusa. 



Forcing. See Stoves. 



Forskahlea ; a genus of the class Octandria, order Tetra- 

 gynia ; or of the class Decandria, order Pentagynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth four or five leaved, 

 erect; leaflets linear-lanceolate, parallel, acute, permanent. 

 Corolla : petals eight or ten, rude, spatulate, concave, erect, 

 withering, shorter than the calix: the claws the length of 

 the border. Stamina : filamenta eight or ten, filiform, on 

 within each petal, elastic, the length of the calix; antheroe 

 twin, roundish. Pistil: germen four or five, distant, oblong, 

 woolly; styles bristle-shaped; stigmas simple. Pericarp: 

 none ; (according to Gaertuer, capsules five, woolly, ovate, 

 acuminate at both ends, compressed, one-celled, not open- 

 ing.) Seeds: four or five, oblong, compressed, attenuated to 

 both ends, interwoven with wool. Observe. The number 

 varies in the parts of fructification, and is extricated with 

 difficulty, on account of the wool in which they are involved. 

 Gsertner says, the number of capsules varies from three to five. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : four or five leaved, longer 

 than the corolla; petals eight or ten, spatulate. Pericarp: 

 none. Seeds: five, connected by wool. The species are, 



