GAR 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



G A U 



597 



flowers axillary, solitary; style filiform, the length of the 

 tube. Native of Macao. 



13. Gardenia Uliginosa ; Boggy Gardenia. Branches 

 thorny at the end ; tube of the corolla hirsute within. This 

 is a shrub with brown squarish branches ; the twigs short 

 and growing by pairs, having leaves and two thorns at the 

 end ; leaves elliptic, obtuse, smooth. Native of the marshes 

 in the East Indies. 



14. Gardenia Armata ; Armed Gardenia. Spines of the 

 branchlets terminating in fours; calicine segments linear, 

 wedge-form; flowers crowded; leaves roundish; teeth of the 

 calix lanceolate-subulate; corolla salver-shaped; the berry is 

 two-celled, and even when ripe, a very thin partition yet re- 

 mains. This is a small tree, about ten feet high. The flowers 

 are commonly four together, and extremely odorous. Native 

 of South America and the West Indies. 



15. Gardenia Aculeata; Round-leaved Gardenia. Thorns 

 opposite ; both they and the flowers shorter than the leaves ; 

 branches smooth. Browne calls it the Indigo Berry, and 

 describes it as a small shrub rising by a branched stalk, and 

 shooting commonly to the height of seven or eight feet ; the 

 main stem tough and hard ; the branches somewhat prickly 

 at the ends ; the leaves of an oval form, and growing in tufts ; 

 the pulp of the berries, which are generally numerous on the 

 smaller branches, is very thick, and stains paper or linen of a 

 fine fixed blue colour. Native of the West Indies. This plant 

 is propagated by seeds, sown early in the spring, in pots filled 

 with light fresh earth, and plunged into a hot-bed of tanners' 

 bark, observing to water the earth frequently but gently. 

 When the plants come up, admit fresh air to them every day 

 when the weather is warm, and refresh them often with water. 

 In a month's time they will be fit to transplant ; shake them 

 carefully out of the pots, place each in a small pot filled with 

 light fresh earth, and plunge them into a hot-bed again, 

 screening them from the sun until they have taken new root, 

 after which they must have air and moisture according to the 

 warmth of the season. The plants may remain in the hot- 

 bed till towards Michaelmas, when the nights begin to be 

 cold ; then they should be removed into the stove. During 

 the two first seasons, while the plants are young, keep them 

 constantly in the stove, and wash their leaves whenever they 

 contract filth ; after they have acquired strength, expose them 

 in summer to the open air, for two or three months, in a 

 warm situation ; but in winter, place them in a stove, in a 

 moderate warmth. 



Garidella; a genus of the class Decandria, order Trigy- 

 nia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth five-leaved, 

 small; leaflets ovate, acute, deciduous. Corolla: petals 

 none, unless the calix be taken for them ; nectaries five, long, 

 equal, two-lipped; outer lip bifid, flat; divisions long, linear, 

 blunt; inner lip shorter, simple. Stamina: filamenta usu- 

 ally ten, subulate, shorter than the corolla; antherae up- 

 right, blunt. Pistil: germina three, ovate, upright, acumi- 

 nate, connected ; styles scarcely any; stigmas simple. Peri- 

 carp : capsules three, superior, connected, oblong, acumi- 

 nate, compressed, one-celled, two-valved ; the inner suture 

 more convex. Seeds : several, short, about twelve in each 

 cell, ovate-acuminate, wrinkled, black or brown. Observe. 

 This genus approaches very near to Nigella ; the capsules 

 are so closely united, as to seem one three-celled three- 

 valved capsule. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: five- 

 leaved, like petals. Nectary: five, two-lipped, bifid. Cap- 

 sules: three, connected, containing many seeds. The only 



known species is, 



1. Garidella Nigellastrum ; Fennel-leaved Garidella. It is 



An annual plant, which rises with an upright stalk a foot 



VOL. L, 50. 



high, dividing into several slender branches, having very fine 

 cut leaves, like those of Fennel, at their joints ; the stalks are 

 terminated by one small flower, of a pale herbaceous colour. 

 It flowers in June and July, and the seeds ripen in Septem- 

 ber. Native of the south of France, and of Italy. It is pro- 

 pagated by seeds, sown in autumn on a border of light fresh 

 earth. When the plants come up, weed and thin them to 

 the distance of four or five inrJies ; or if the seeds be per- 

 mitted to scatter, the plants will come up without further 

 care. They do not well bear transplanting. 



Garlic. See Alium Sativum. 



Gaullheria; a genus of the class Decandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth double, 

 approximating, permanent ; outer two-leaved, shorter ; leaf- 

 lets half-ovate, concave, obtuse ; inner one-leafed, five-cleft, 

 bell-shaped ; segments half-ovate. Corolla : one-petalled, 

 ovate, half five-cleft; border small, rolled back; nectary of 

 ten subulate, upright, very short bodies or glands, surround- 

 ing the germen within the stamina. Stamina : filamenta ten, 

 subulate, bent in, shorter than the corolla, inserted into the 

 receptacle ; antheree two-horned, with the horns bifid. Pistil: 

 germeu roundish, flatted ; style cylindrie, the length of the 

 corolla ; stigma obtuse. Pericarp : capsule roundish, ob- 

 tusely five-cornered, flatted, five-celled, five-valved, opening 

 into five parts at the top, covered all round with the inner 

 perianth, changed into a roundish coloured berry, previous at 

 the top. Seeds: very many, subovate, angular, bony. ESSEN- 

 TIAL CHARACTER. Calix : outer two-leaved, inner five-cleft. 

 Corolla: ovate. Nectary: with ten dagger points. Cap- 

 sule : five-celled, covered with the inner calix, now become a 

 berry. The species are, 



1. Gaultheria Procumbens ; Trailing Gaultheria. Leaves 

 obovate, pointed, slightly serrated, smooth, corroded about 

 the tops of the branches ; stem shrubby, trailing. This plant 

 has the appearance of Pyrola, or Vaccinium, with a creeping 

 root : it is a small, evergreen, trailing shrub, a span high, 

 and scarcely branched ; flowers solitary, axillary, pendulous, 

 peduncled ; inner calix and corolla white, or of an herbaceous 

 colour, and rarely succeeded by fruit in England. Native of 

 Canada, where it is found upon a dry, sterile, scindy soil. 

 Th natives use the leaves instead of tea. The method of 

 propagating this plant in an English garden, is, to set it in a 

 light sandy loam, with a mixture of peat earth. It is very 

 hardy, and bears flowers and fruit most part of the year. 



2. Gaultheria Antipoda. Leaves scattered, roundish, 

 serrate-toothed; stem shrubby, diffused. Native of New 

 Zealand. 



Gaiira; a genus of the class Octar.dria, order Monogynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth one-leafed, supe- 

 rior, deciduous; tube cylindiic, long, thicker at the base, 

 containing four oblong glands growing to it; border four- 

 cleft ; divisions oblong, acute, reflex. Corolla: petals four, 

 oblong, rising towards the upper lip, equal, with narrow claws, 

 placed on the tube of the calix. Stamina: filamenta eight, 

 filiform, broader at top, straight, shorter than the corolla ; u 

 nectareous gland of a conical form within the base of each ; 

 antheree oblong, versatile. Pistil: germen obleng, inferior, 

 four-celled, many-seeded ; the seeds fixed to a columnar re- 

 ceptacle; style filiform, length of the stamina; stigmas four, 

 columnar, ovate, spreading. Pericarp: drupe ovate, four- 

 cornered, the corners flatted ; Geertner says, dry, often with 

 one cell only, and one seed, with the vestiges of the partitions 

 and the abortive seeds. Seed: nut with one seed, oblong, 

 angular; or, according to Gartner, solitary, one or four, sub- 

 ovate, narrowed at top, convex on one side, angular on the 

 other, of a yellowish-bay colour, with a brown callus at the 

 7N 



