628 



GN A 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



ONE 



dilated, round, and white, so that the heads are brown, with a 

 white crown. Native of the East Indies and Cochin-china. 



50. Gnaphalium Purpureum; Purple Everlasting. Leaves 

 lanceolate, naked ; stalk erect, quite simple; flowers in lateral 

 sessile spikes. They appear in summer and autumn. It is 

 an annual plant, and a native of Carolina and Virginia. 



51. Gnaphalium Denudatum ; Bare Everlasting. Leaves 

 spatulate, underneath snowy-white tomentose, smooth and 

 even above. Stalks prostrate, filiform, hardish, with alter- 

 nate upright branches ; corymb or umbel terminating, and 

 very short; flowers peduncled; calix green, with a short 

 white ray. Native of the Cape. 



***** Resembling Filago, herbaceous. 



52. Gnaphalium Sylvaticum ; Wood Everlasting, English 

 or Upright Cudweed. Stalk quite simple, upright; flowers 

 scattered. This is a biennial plant. In woods, one stem, 

 from twelve to eighteen inches high, generally grows from the 

 root. In open ground, the root-leaves form a thick tuft, and 

 from among them arise several shorter stems, sometimes not 

 more than three inches high, at first often declining, but very 

 soon ascending. The leaves are green and hairy above, 

 white and thickly downy beneath ; flowers in a long spike, 

 composed of very short branches, bearing from one to five 

 or more flowers ; scales of the calix bluntly oval, greenish at 

 the base, -yellowish-brown upwards, smooth, with shining 

 margins. It flowers in August, and is a native of most parts 

 of Europe. In Great Britain, it has been remarked at Nor- 

 wood in Surry; on Hampstead heath, and in the woods 

 adjoining; near Charlton ; about Harefield ; in Gambingay 

 park, Cambridgeshire ; in Armingdale wood, near Norwich ; 

 on Naseby-field and Thorp Malsor in Northamptonshire ; 

 in rough pastures near Fladbury in Worcestershire ; on a 

 sandy heath, a mile from Shiffnal, on the road to Wolver- 

 hampton ; on the banks of the canal, in the parish of Cosely 

 in Warwickshire; on the great island in Winandermere,' 

 and on the Highlands of Scotland, and in some parts of 

 South Wales. 



53. Gnaphalium Spicatum; Spiked Everlasting. Stems 

 herbaceous, quite simple ; flowers in whorls ; leaves in bun- 

 dles, linear, revolute; calicine scales scariose, ferruginous,, 

 shining, ovate, lanceolate. Native of Egypt. 



54. Gnaphalium Verticillatum ; Whorled Everlasting. 

 Stalk quite simple ; flowers in whorls ; leaves linear. The 

 whole plant, and even the flowers, are ash-coloured. Native 

 of the Cape. 



55. Gnaphalium OculusCati; Cat 's-eye Everlasting. Stalk 

 prostrate; leaves ovate; flowers glomerate, terminating, ex- 

 tremely villose ; calix concealed by a very thick white nap ; 

 corollas small, surrounded by nap. Native of the Cape. 



56. Gnaphalium Pilosellum ; Bald Everlasting. Leaves 

 lanceolate, five-nerved, tomentose underneath ; stalk naked ; 

 flowers in heads. Scape twice as long as the leaves, hairy. 

 Native of the Cape. 



67. Gnaphalium Declinatum ; Creeping Everlasting. 

 Leaves linear-lanceolate; the calices with a white lanceo- 

 late ray. Stalks prostrate, filiform'; flowers in a terminat- 

 ing, fastigiate, leafless corymb ; florets many, in a small 

 calix. Native of the Cape. 



58. Gnaphalium Coronatum ; Rayed Everlasting. Leaves 

 lanceolate; calices with a manifold roundish ray; flowers in 

 corymbs, heaped ; peduncles leafy. Native of the Cape. 



59. Gnaphalium Supinum ; Dwarf Everlasting, or Cud- 

 weed. Stalk simple, procumbent ; flowers scattered. Per- 

 ennial. Root-leaves in tufts, half or three-quarters of an 

 inch long, narrow, linear-lanceolate, slightly hairy above, 

 downy beneath, but greenish; stem two or three inches high, 



with two or three longer and sessile leaves. It flowers in 

 July and August, and is a native of the Swiss and Italian 

 Alps, and the tops of the Highland mountains in Scotland. 



60. Gnaphalium Uliginosum ; Marsh Everlasting, or Cud- 

 weed. Stalk branched, diffused ; flowers crowded, termi- 

 nating. Stem from three to seven inches or more high, up- 

 rigHt, covered with thick down, and much branched ; leaves 

 elliptical, tapering into a long footstalk, slightly downy and 

 greenish above, more so and whitish beneath. The ends of 

 the branches are crowded with numerous heads of nearly 

 sessile flowers, which appear in August. Native of marshy 

 places in most parts of Europe. 



61. Gnaphalium Glomeratum ; Cluster -flowered Everlast- 

 ing. Stalk diffused; inner scales of the calices subulate and 

 naked ; leaves somewhat stem-clasping. Annual ; heads 

 leafy; branches higher than the stalks. Native of the Cape. 



* New Species. 



62. Gnaphalium Japonicum. Herbaceous : upright 

 leaves linear-sword-shaped, snowy-white underneath; heads 

 terminating. Root fa'scicled, with small fibres, annual; 

 stalks one or two, simple, naked at top, white with down, a 

 span and a half in height; .flowers on the stalk terminating, 

 glomerate, sessile, purplish ; the heads the size of a large 

 pea. It flowers in August, and is a native of Japan. 



63. Gnaphalium Trinerve. Shrubby : leaves sessile, lan- 

 ceolate, three-nerved, silvery-white underneath; heads termi- 

 na,ting. Native, of New Zealand. 



64. Gnaphalium Lanatum. Herbaceous, woolly ; leaves 

 line. ar-oblong, callous-mucronate at the tip ; corymb con- 

 tracted ; stalk very simple. Native of New Zealand. 



65. Gnaphaliura .Involucratum. Herbaceous : leaves 

 linear, elongate, rmicronate, tomentose underneath ; head 

 terminating, leafy. Native of New Zealand. 



66. Gnaphalium Siquatum. Herbaceous: branches assur- 

 gent; leaves ovate-lanceolate, sinuate, toothed, hairy on both 

 sides.' Stem four feet high, simple, erect; leaves large, al- 

 ternate ; flowers yellow, in terminating erect panicles ; the 

 marginal scales of the calix being red, and membranaceous. 

 Native of Cochin-china. 



Gnetum; a genus of the class Monoecia, order Monadel- 

 phia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Ament of whorls, remote, 

 callous, thickened, propped underneath with a partial cali- 

 cle : this is peltate, orbicular, flat, quite entire, and con- 

 tains sessile floscules ; the males at bottom, the females 

 above in the same whorl. Males. Calix : scale ovate, mi- 

 nute, coloured. . Corolla : none. Stamina : filamentum sin- 

 'gle, filiform, longer than the scale; antherse double, con- 

 neeted. Female. Calix: scale torn, rude. Corolla: none. 

 Pistil : germen ovate, immersed in the receptacle of the 

 whorl, the rengtb of the stamina; style conic, short; stigma 

 trifid, acute. Pericarp : "drupe ovate, one-celled. Seed : 

 nut oblong-, streaked. . ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Male. 

 An ament with scales. Corolla : none. Filamenta : one, 

 with two afttheree. Female. An ament with scales. Co- 

 rolla: none. Style: with a bifid stigma. Drupe: with one 

 seed. The only known species is, 



1. Gnetum Gnemon. Branches stiff-jointed, broader be- 

 low the joints ; leaves opposite, petioled, lanceolate, ovate, 

 quite entire, smooth, and even ; aments axillary, peduncled, 

 jn pairs from each axil, in small whorls, from an orbicular, 

 perfoliate, entire btacte, callous above, in which the floscules 

 are immersed ; the females above, or towards the rachis, 

 usually six os seven in Dumber ; the males towards the edge, 

 or below. Gnemon is the vernacular name in Ternate, &c. 

 It is a native of the East Indies, where the leaves, male 

 catkins, and fruit, are eaten, though not in a raw state. 



