GYM 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



GYP 



651 



flowers, and will make a fine appearance among other hardy 

 plants in the pleasure garden. The plants lose their stalks anil 

 leaves in autumn, but their roots will abide many years. 



Gunnera; a genus of the class Gynandria, order Diandria. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: ament verticilled ; scales 

 one-leafed, one-flowered, setaceous, the length of the flower, 

 permanent; perianth none, except the crust of the seed, 

 which has two seeds. Corolla: none. Stamina: filamenta 

 two, very short, opposite, sitting on the sides of the germen 

 on the outside of the teeth ; anther oblong. Pistil: ger- 

 men ovate, with two teeth at the tip; styles, two short, 

 subulate, between the teeth of the germen ; stigmas simple. 

 Pericarp: none. Seed: single, ovate, the bark formed from 

 the crust of the perianth. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Ament: 

 with one-flowered scales. Calix and Corolla : none. Ger- 

 men: two-toothed. Styles: two. Seed: one. The only 



species yet discovered is, 



1. Gunnera Perpensa; Marsh Marigold-leaved Gvnnera. 

 Leaves radical, cordate, obtuse, smooth, veined, repand, 

 tooth-crenate, with the petioles scarcely pubescent; scapes 

 two feet high; ament terminating, long., compound; the 

 subdivisions scattered, simple, distinct ; bractes lanceolate, 

 short; floscules naked. Native of the Cape. 



Gustavia; a genus of the class Monadelphia, order Poly- 

 andria. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: none, but the 

 receptacle above surrounded with a rim, flat, broad, bald. 

 Corolla: petals six or eight, slightly connected at the base, 

 ovate, sessile, large. Stamina : filamenta very numerous, 

 shorter than the petals, uniting at the base into an upright 

 bell, distant from fhe style; antherse small, oblong, shorter 

 by half than the petals. Pistil: germen turbinate. inferior, 

 flat, bald between the petals and the style ; style conical, 

 very short, permanent; stigma blunt. Pericarp: berry sub- 

 globular, subconical, truncate, six-celled, crowned with the 

 rim of the receptacle. Seeds : beans several, oval, smooth, 

 mutilated on one side at the base, with a cartilaginous 

 twisted appendix. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: none. 

 Petals : several. Berry: many-celled. Seeds: appendicled. 

 The only known species is, 



1. Gustavia Augusta. This tree has thickish branches, 

 and is from twenty to thirty feet high ; leaves alternate, sub- 

 sessile, somewhat crowded, in the upper part broad-lanceo- 

 late, narrower at the base, from a span to a foot in length, 

 ribbed, subserrate, smooth on both sides ; peduncles from 

 one to three, terminating, bearing one flower, and having: one 

 joint; flower very specious, larger than the White Water-lily, 

 with a large, naked, bald disk or receptacle between the 

 corolla and the style ; petals white, with red tips, the con- 

 sistence of the White Lily, which it resembles in smell ; but 

 the wood is extremely fetid, even after it is dry; the inha- 

 bitants use it for hoops. Native of Surinam and the island 

 of Cayenne. 



Gymnantkes ; a genus of the class Monoec-ia, order Mon- 

 adelphia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Male Flowers. Ca- 

 lix : ament compound, with pedicels tripartite, or tricho- 

 toinous, anther-bearing. Corolla : none. Stamina : fila- 

 menta naked, on pedicels tripartite or tricliotomous, scattered, 

 placed on every side of the ament, very short, deciduous; 

 authcree oblong, minute, three-celled. Female Flowers, 

 on the same, or a different shrub, solitary or amentaceous. 

 Calix: perianth none, but one or two scales at the base of 

 the germen. Corolla: none. Pistil: germen roundish, su- 

 perior; styles scarcely any, or very short, three-cornered; 

 stigmas three, linear, acute, channelled, reflex. Pericarp : 

 capsule tiicoccous, time-celled, three-valved. .Seeds: soli- 

 tary, roundish. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Male : ament 



naked; perianth and corolla none ; stamina, pedicels three- 

 parted, or three-forked, anther-bearing. Female: ament or 

 germen, pedicelled ; corolla none ; style trifid. Capsule, 

 tricoccous, three-celled. The species are, 



1. Gymnanthcs Elliptica. Dioicous : stamina three-part- 

 ed ; ft'inalcs amentaceous. Native of Jamaica. 



2. Gymnanthes Lucida. Monoicous ; stamina triehotomous ; 

 females solitary, pedicelled. Native of Hispaniola. 



Gynopogon ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Mo- 

 nogynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth one- 

 leat'ed, very small, half five-cleft, permanent; segments linear, 

 acute, erect. Corolla: monopetalous, contorted; tube cylin- 

 drical, ventricose below the tip, contracted at the throat; bor- 

 der flat, five-parted ; segments ovate. Stamina : filamenta 

 five, very short, inserted into the tube above the middle; 

 antherse erect, linear, within the tube. Pistil : genneu 

 ovate; style filiform, shorter by half than the tube; stigma 

 globular, two-lobed, villose at the tip. Pericarp : berrv 

 pedicelled, subglobular, coriaceous, filled with the seed". 

 Seeds: single, cartilaginous, subbilocular; with one or two 

 kernels. Observe. The fruit is generally abortive, the seed 

 not having kernels ; the germina when cul through have two 

 cells, and two seeds in each cell. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Calix ; half five-cleft, inferior, permanent. Corolla : five- 

 parted ; tube ventricose below the tip; throat contracted ; 

 stigma globular, two-lobed. Berry: pedicelled, subglobular. 

 Seed: cartilaginous, subbilocular. The species are, 



1. Gynopogon Stellatum. Leaves in whorls, three toge- 

 ther, lanceolate. Native of the Society and Friendly Islands, 

 in the South Seas. 



2. Gynopogon Alyxia. Leaves in whorls, five together, 

 obovale. Native of Norfolk Island. 



3. Gynopogon Scandens. Leaves opposite, ovate, ribbed. 

 Native of Otaheite. 



Gypsophila ; a genus of the class Decandria, order Di- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth bell- 

 shaped, angular, five-parted ; leaflets ovate, permanent. 

 Corolla : petals five, ovate, obtuse, spreading, subsessile. 

 Stamina: filamenta subulate, spreading; antheree roundish. 

 Pistil: germen almost globular; styles filiform, gaping; stig- 

 mas simple. Pericarp : capsule globular, one-celled, live- 

 valved. Seeds : very many, roundish. ESSENTIAL CHA- 

 RACTER. Caltx: one-leafed, bell-shaped, angular. Petitts: 

 five, ovate, sessile. Capsule : globular, one-celled. The 

 plants of this genus, possessing no great beauty, are rarely 

 cultivated, except in botanic gardens. They are propagated 

 by seeds, sown in a bed of light earth, and when the plants 

 are fit to remove, they may be transplanted into the places 

 where they are designed to remain, and will require no other 

 culture but to keep them clean from weeds; for the roots of 

 most sorts will continue several years, and annually produce 

 dowers and seeds. The species are, 



1. Gypsophila Rcpens; Creeping Gypsophila. Leaves lan- 

 ceolate; stamina shorter than the emargiuate corolla. The 

 whols plant is smooth ; root perennial, woody, very long, 

 as thick as the little finger ; stems many, in a close tuft, 

 spread every way, half a foot in length, perennial ; flowers 

 remote, few, on bifid or trifid peduncles; corolla white or 

 red, spreading very much ; petals flat, a little attenuated 

 towards the base, more or less emarginate, twice as long as 

 the calix; capsules blunt. It flowers in September, and is a 

 native of Siberia, Austria, Switzerland, and Provence. 



2. Gypsophila Prostrata; Trailiny Gypsophila. Leaves 

 lanceolate, smooth and even ; stalks diffused ; pistils longer 

 than the bell-shaped corolla; root perennial; stems several, 

 smooth, round, about a foot iu length, reddish at the joints; 



