H E D 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



H ED 



663 



length, smooth and even ; capsule roundish, crowned with 

 the four teeth of the calix. Native of Tranquebar. 



3. Hedyotis Fruticosa. Leaves lanceolate, petioled ; corymbs 

 terminating, involucred. Stem four-cornered; stipules ovate, 

 rhombed, broad, short; corymbs brachiate, or trifid; calix 

 four-cleft; style bifid, blunt. Native of Ceylon. 



4. Hedyotis Auricularia ; Earwort. Leaves lanceolate- 

 ovate ; flowers in whorls. Stems smooth, long; branches 

 long, jointed, alternate. It is accounted a specific in deaf- 

 ness. Native of Ceylon. 



5. Hedyotis Herbacea. Leaves linear-lanceolate, opposite, 

 smooth, quite entire; stem herbaceous, dichotomous; pedun- 

 cles in pairs. Stem eight inches high, slender, procumbent; 

 flowers axillary, in pairs, but often solitary ; corolla white, 

 subcampanulate. Native of Ceylon and Cochin-china. 



6. Hedyotis Graminifolia. Leaves linear; stem decumbent; 

 panicle racemed, with the flowers directed one way; peduncles 

 following the sun. Perennial; stems filiform, a foot long; 

 corolla blue; the segments before noon expanding very 

 wide, in the evening two upright, and two bent back. 

 Native of the East Indies. 



7. Hedyotis Hispida. Leaves linear-lanceolate ; flowers in 

 whorls. Stems half a foot in length, decumbent, quadrangular, 

 hispid, with a branch or two; petioles extremely hispid, 

 united with the filiform torn stipules so as to form a short 

 sheath ; calix hispid ; stamina the length of the corolla ; style 

 longer, club-shaped ; capsule half-two-celled, the partition 

 disappearing in the middle, and not reaching to the tip; 

 seeds many. Brought from Canton in China. 



8. Hedyotis Rupestris. Leaves four-faced, awl-shaped, 

 channelled ; flowers sessile, axillary ; corollas villose, with a 

 crooked tube. This is a shrub, seldom exceeding three feet 

 in height; branches diffused, often procumbent at the base, 

 otherwise erect. The flowers are yellow, without scent, ses- 

 sile, axillary, solitary. Native of Havannah. on rocks near 

 the sea-coast, and of Jamaica. 



9. Hedyotis Dilfusa. Leaves lanceolate, acute, rough- 

 edged; flower-stalks simple, axillary, alternate; fruit nearly 

 globose; stem procumbent. Native of the East Indies. 



10. Hedyotis Serpylloides. Leaves ovate ; stipulas fringed; 

 flowers in dense, sessile, terminal clusters. Found in 

 Guadeloupe. 



Hedypnois; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Poly- 

 gamia jfequalis. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: common 

 calicled, cylindrical, ten-leaved or thereabouts, permanent; 

 scales linear, erect, acute, equal ; calicled at the base, with 

 fewer, narrower scales, which are short and close. Corolla: 

 compound, subimbricate, uniform ; corollules hermaphrodite, 

 many. Proper monopetalous, lig-ulate, linear, truncate, five- 

 toothed. Stamina : filamenta five, capillary, very short ; 

 antheree cylindrical, tubulous. Pistil: germen oblong; 

 style filiform, length of the stamina ; stigmas two, reflex. 

 Pericarp: none; common calix hardened, converging, almost 

 globular, covering the marginal seeds with its scales. Seeds : 

 solitary, somewhat oblong, bowed in a little, streaked, 

 roughish, the length of the calix. The outer crowned, with 

 the calicle membranaceous, erectish, obscurely five-cornered, 

 toothletted ; pappus none. The inner crowned, with the 

 calicle obscure, many-bristled, very short, within which is a 

 pappus of five erectish awned chaffs. Receptacle: naked. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: calicled, with short scales. 

 Seeds: crowned with the calicle; outer without down, covered 

 up in the scales of the calix ; inner having a down of five erect- 

 ish awned chaffs. Receptacle: naked, hollow, and dotted. 

 This genus embraces some species of Hyoseris and of Crepis ;' 

 ad, according to Jussieu, Lapsana Zacintha. For Hudson's 



species of Hedypnois, see Apanjia. See also Leontodon and 

 Tragopngon, to which this genus is nearly allied. 



Hedysarum; a genus of the class Diadelphia, order Decan- 

 dria. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one-leafed, 

 half five-cleft; clefts subulate, upright, permanent. Corolla: 

 papilionaceous, streaked ; banner reflex-compressed, ovate- 

 oblong, emarginate, long ; wings oblong, narrower than the 

 other petals, straight; keel straight, compressed, broader 

 outwardly, transversely blunt, from the base to the swelling 

 part bifid. Stamina: filamenta diadelphous, simple, and nine- 

 cleft, bent in at a right angle ; antherae roundish, compressed. 

 Pistil: germen slender, compressed, linear ; style subulate, 

 bent in with the stamina; stigma very simple. Pericarp: 

 legume with roundish compressed joints, two-valved, and 

 containing one seed. Seed: kidney-shaped, solitary. Observe. 

 The pericarp differing in this genus has occasioned its being 

 unnaturally separated into several genera. ESSENTIAL 

 CHARACTER. Corolla: keel transversely obtuse. Legume: 



jointed, with one seed in each joint. The species are, 



* With simple Leaves. 



1. Hedysarum Alhagi; Prickly Hedysarum. Leaves lan- 

 ceolate, obtuse, very smooth, pale green, on short footstalks ; 

 stem shrubby, thorny a about three feet high, branching out 

 on every side. From under the leaves come out thorns 

 nearly an inch long, of a reddish-brown colour. The flowers 

 come out from the side of the branches in small clusters; 

 they are purple in the middle, and reddish about the rims; 

 legumes sickle-shaped. Native of the Levant. This plant 

 produces the manna used in Persia, very different from that 

 of the flowering Ash, which is the common kind. The drug 

 is principally collected about Tauris, and is known by the 

 name of trungibin, or terenjabin. It is a natural exudation 

 from the leaves and branches, which takes place only in 

 very hot weather: at first it resembles drops of honey, but 

 soon thickens into little solid grains. It is propagated by 

 seeds, which will frequently lie a year in the ground before 

 they vegetate ; sow them therefore in pots filled with light 

 earth, and plunge them into a moderate hot-bed : if the plants 

 do not appear by the beginning of June, take the pots out of 

 the bed, and place them where they may have only the 

 morning sun, and in the autumn plunge them into an old 

 bed of tanners' bark under a frame; in spring plunge them 

 in a fresh hot-bed, which will bring up the plants ; when 

 they are fit to remove, put them separately into small pots 

 filled with light earth, and plunge them into a very moderate 

 hot-bed, shading them from the sun till they have taken new 

 root; then gradually inure them to the open air, into which 

 remove them in June, placing them in a sheltered situation, 

 where they will remain till the autumn ; when they ought to 

 be plunged into an old tan-bed under a frame, where they 

 may be protected from frost, and in mild weather enjoy the 

 free air. In a warm border, by covering it in frosty weather, 

 this plant will endure our winters when they are not severe. 



2. Hedysarum Bupleurifolium ; Hare's-ear-leaved Hedysa- 

 rum. Leaves lanceolate, acute; stem unarmed; stipules 

 scariose, the length of the petioles ; legumes even-jointed, 

 upright, equal. It varies with lanceolate and cordate-oblong 

 leaves. Native of India. This, and the seventeen following 

 species, are all too tender to endure the open air of our climate. 

 They are propagated by seeds, which must be sown upon 

 a hot-bed early in the spring. When the plants are fit to 

 remove, they must be each planted in a separate small pot, 

 filled with light earth, plunging them into a fresh hot-bed, 

 where they should be screened from the sun till they have 

 taken new root ; after which they may be treated in the same 

 manner as other tender plants ; always keeping them in the 



