676 



H EL 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL: 



H EL 



solitary. This is smaller than the fifth species, with more 

 slender branches, somewhat lanuginous, and prostrate; the 

 root small and annual; flowers white. Native of the Cape 

 of Good Hope ; flowering in June and July. For its propa- 

 gation and culture, see the fifth species. 



8. Heliotropium Fruticosum. Leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 hairy ; spikes solitary, sessile ; stem shrubby, two feet high, 

 very much branched ; branches stiff, scabrous, and ash- 

 coloured ; spikes always single, and not much bent, small 

 and slender; flowers terminating 1 , on short pedicels, pointing 

 one way, on short, axillary, hispid peduncles ; corolla white ; 

 border five-cornered ; throat closed, pale, having five rays 

 from the centre to the angles of the border. Native of the 

 West Indies, near the sea-shore. This, and the seventeenth 

 and eighteenth species, are propagated by seeds, but the 

 difficulty of getting them fresh from America, and the un- 

 certainty of their growing unless they are sown abroad, and 

 brought over in earth, has made them scarce in Europe. 



9. Heliotropium Curassavicum ; Glaucous Turnsole or He- 

 liotrope. Leaves lanceolate-linear, smooth, without veins ; 

 root annual ; stem round, very smooth, with a glaucous bloom 

 on it; branches trailing, a foot or more long; spikes in pairs, 

 on a common peduncle, and recurved; corolla white, with a 

 yellow base and an open throat; the fruit is an ovate globu- 

 lar berry, containing four nuts, drying up as it grows ripa, 

 and divisible into four parts: it flowers in June and July. 

 Native of the West Indies. See the second species. 



10. Heliotropium Orientale. Leaves linear, smooth, with- 

 out veins; spikes conjugate; flowers scattered. It is a small 

 procumbent creeping plant : annual. Native of Asia. 



11. Heliotropium Gnaphaloides. Leaves linear, obtuse, 

 tomentose; peduncles dichotomous ; flowers of the spikes in 

 fours ; stem frutescent. It is an upright shrubby plant, com- 

 monly about two feet high, and sometimes, but rarely, rising 

 to the height of six feet; branches round, little divided, the 

 older ones blackish, the younger scarred at bottom where 

 leaves have grown, all together forming a convex, white, 

 handsome head, visible far off at sea ; flowers small, with the 

 calices of all so connected, that no one can be taken out 

 without tearing the next. This species is distinguished by 

 its copious, narrow, thick, and silvery leaves. Native of Cuba, 

 Jamaica, Barbadoes, and St. Eustatia, in all of which it is found 

 upon the coast. It is propagated by seeds, which must be 

 procured from the places where it naturally grows, for it 

 never produces any in Europe; these seeds should be sown 

 in a tub of earth in the country, for when the dried seeds 

 come over, they seldom grow ; and if they do, it is not before 

 the second year : so that if the seeds be own as soon as 

 ripe in a tub of earth, when they arrive in England, the tub 

 should be plunged into a hot-bed of tanners' bark, which 

 will bring up the plants ; and when they are fit to remove, 

 they should be each planted in a separate small pot filled with 

 soil composed of sand and light undunged earth, with a little 

 lime-rubbish well mixed together, then plunged into a hot-bed 

 of tanners' bark, and shaded until they have taken new root; 

 after which they must be treated in the same manner as other 

 tender exotic plants, always keeping them in the tan-bed in 

 the stove, giving them but little water during the summer. 



12. Heliotropium Scabrum. Leaves lanceolate, strigose ; 

 stem branched, diffused ; root simple, fusiform ; flowers ter- 

 minating, heaped, small, white, fenced with leaves. Sent by 

 Koenig from the East Indies. 



13. Heliotropium Marifolium. Leaves lanceolate, hispid; 

 stems procumbent, somewhat shrubby; spikes simple, alter- 

 nate, copious without order, not compact, with bractes of 

 the same shape with the leaves ; flowers white, hirsute on the 



outside, as also are the calices ; foot woody. Native of the 

 East Indies. 



14. Heliotropium CoromaDdelianum. Leaves obovate, vil- 

 lose, entire; spikes simple and conjugate; seeds dotted ; root 

 simple, fusiform ; steins erect and prostrate, hispid. Native 

 of the East Indies, and also of Arabia. 



15. Heliotropium Capitatum. Leaves oblong-ovate, quite 

 entire, smooth, hoary underneath ; flowers in axillary heads ; 

 stem arborescent. It rises with a shrubby stalk six or seven 

 feet high : the young branches are closely covered with a 

 white down, and the leaves on them are very hoary and entire, 

 but those of the older branches are greener, and some of them 

 are notched on their edges. At each joint of the stalks appear 

 two short branches opposite, with small hoary leaves placed 

 opposite : these when bruised emit a strong odour very disa- 

 greeable to some persons, and by others reckoned very pleasant. 

 They rarely flower in England. Mr. Miller cultivated them 

 for forty years, and only saw them once in flower. The flowers 

 are white, collected in roundish heads, which turn backward 

 and sit close to the branches ; the leaves continue all the year. 

 Both this and the next species are too tender to endure the 

 winter of this country in the open air. They must be pro- 

 tected from the frost in a green-house, and may be ranged 

 with Myrtles and other hardy green-house plants, where they 

 may have a large share of air in mild weather, and be treated 

 in the same way : they are easily propagated by cuttings dur- 

 ing any of the summer months. If the cuttings be planted 

 in a shady border, and duly supplied with water, they will 

 take root in five or six weeks, and muv then be potted, and 

 placed in a shady situation till they have taken new root, 

 after which they may be treated as the old plants. 



16. Heliotropium Canariense. Leaves ovate, crenate, 

 opposite ; flowers in dichotomous axillary heads ; stem ar- 

 borescent, three or four feet high. The leaves, when bruised, 

 emit an agreeable odour, for which it is by some persons 

 much esteemed. The gardeners liave given this plant the 

 title of Madame dc Maintenon, but on what account we do 

 not know. -Native of Canada. For its propagation and 

 culture, see the preceding species. 



17. Heliotropium Procumbens. Stem procumbent; leaves 

 ovate, tomentose, quite entire ; spikes solitary, terminating. 

 It is an annual plant, with trailing stalks six or seven inches 

 long, with small leaves. The flowers are produced at the 

 ends of the branches, in single short spikes, which are re- 

 flexed ; they are small and white, making little appearance. 

 Native of Carthagena in New Spain. For its propagation 

 and culture, see the eighth species. 



18. Heliotropium Americanism. Leaves oblong-ovate, 

 tomentose; spikes conjugate, terminating; stem shrubby. 

 This rises with a shrubby stalk, three feet high, dividing into 

 slender branches, which are closely garnished with leaves, 

 placed without order. The flowers are produced at the ends 

 of the branches in double spikes, which are slender, short, 

 and straight, not recurved as the other species; flowers small 

 and white; plant perennial. Native of La Vera Cruz, where 

 it was found growing in great plenty. For its propagation 

 &c. see the eighth species. 



19. Heliotropium Tetrandrum. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, 

 smooth, opposite ; spikes heaped, terminating ; stem herba- 

 ceous, annual, one foot high, somewhat erect, diffused, whitish, 

 obtusely four-cornered, with purple joints; flowers red, in 

 long close spikes. Found in the gardens of Cochin-china. 



20. Heliotropium Undulatum. Leaves lanceolate, hispid, 

 rolled back at the edge, waved ; spikes conjugate ; corollas 

 villose; stem procumbent; branches a span long and more; 

 cali* hairy, five-cleft, with linear blunt segments; corolla 



