690 



H I E 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



H I E 



injurious to them. Native of Sweden, Switzerland, Germany, 

 Dauphiny, and in moist places upon the mountains of Eng- 

 land, as near Rydall in Westmoreland. 



9. Hieracium Auricula; Narrow-leaved Hawkweed. Leaves 

 quite entire, lanceolate; runners creeping; root prsemorse, 

 with numerous simple fibres ; scape upright, naked, scarcely 

 half a foot high, having a few scattered hairs on it; flowers 

 in a panicle, from three to six. It may be distinguished 

 from the preceding species, by its having a higher stalk, and 

 more flowers ; longer, narrower leaves, more hirsute, with 

 shorter hairs ; the flowers sulphur-coloured; the calix, like 

 the stalk, having black bristles scattered over it : it flowers 

 in July, and is perennial. Native of Lapland, Sweden, 

 Switzerland, Germany, Dauphiny, and England, upon moun- 

 tains : it is found on Daleliead, not far from Grass-mere, 

 Westmoreland. 



10. Hieracium Cymosum ; Small -flowered Hawkweed. 

 Leaves lanceolate, entire, hairy; scape almost naked, hairy 

 at the base ; flowers in a kind of umbel ; root preemorse. 

 According to Villars, this species is easily distinguishable. 

 The stem is straight, about a foot high, terminated by a 

 cyme of flowers so close that the peduncles are seen with 

 difficulty, though they are branched. He mentions two 

 varieties ; one with red flowers, and another with from three 

 or four to six scattered flowers, as large again as the com- 

 mon sort. Perennial. Flowering in June. Native of Russia, 

 Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, and Dauphiny. 



11. Hieracium Preemorsum ; Truncate-root Hawkweed. 

 Leaves ovate, somewhat toothed ; scape branched, upper 

 flowers coming out first; root perennial, fibrous ; flowers in 

 a panicle containing frequently from sixteen to twenty ; they 

 are small, each supported on a simple pedicel, which has a 

 lanceolate stipule at the base, forming altogether a sort of 

 spike. This herb watches from seven o'clock in the morning 

 to six in the evening, when the panicle of flowers also nods. 

 It flowers in May and June. Native of Sweden, Germany, 

 Switzerland, and Siberia. 



12. Hieracium Aurantiacum ; Orange-flowered Hawkweed. 

 Leaves entire ; slem almost naked, quite simple, hairy, corym- 

 biferous; root perennial, creeping; stipules very small, lan- 

 ceolate ; flowers eight or ten, on short pedicels, forming a 

 short panicle; corolla dark red. It flowers from June to 

 autumn, and forms large tufis if planted in shady places, 

 and varies much in the colour of the flower, from red to 

 orange, and several shades of yellow. It is called by our 

 old writers Golden Mouse-ear ; and, when of a dark colour, 

 Grim the Collier. Native of Austria, Switzerland, Silesia, 

 Dauphiny, and Piedmont. 



13. Hieracium Gronovii ; Gronovius's Hawkweed. Stem 

 panicled, almost naked ; root-leaves obovate, quite entire, 

 hairy. Native of Virginia. 



14. Hieracium Gmelini ; Gmelins Hawkweed. Stem pani- 

 cled ; root-leaves ovate, serrate, smooth ; calix simple ; scales 

 eight or ten. Native of Siberia. 



15. Hieracium Sanctum ; Palestine Hawkweed. Leaves 

 lyrate, blunt, toothed ; root thick, long, like Navetvs, with 

 one or two branches ; corollas yellow. Native of Palestine, 

 the south of France, and the county of Nice. 



16. Hieracium Capense ; Cape Hawkweed. Lower pedun- 

 cle* higher; leaves oblong, toothed, scabrous; scape a foot 

 high, even, with a few very small awl-shaped leaves alter- 

 nately scattered over it; flower terminating, from the axil of 

 the leave*. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



* With a leafy Ste*. 



17. Hieracium Montanum ; Mountain Hawkweed. Stem 

 with one or two flowers ; leaves lanceolate, toothed ; root per- 



ennial, single, deep, blackish ; flower large ; corolla yellow. 

 Native of the mountains of Savoy and Dauphiny, in pastures. 



18. Hieracium Paniculatum; Panicled Hawkweed. Stem 

 upright; leaves alternate, lanceolate, naked, toothed; panicle 

 capillary, terminating, variously branched, with very slender 

 divaricating peduncles ; bractes at the ramifications, very 

 short, bristle-shaped ; flowers small. Native of Canada. 



19. Hieracium Porrifolium ; Leek-leaved Hawkweed. Stem 

 branched ; leaves lanceolate-linear, almost entire ; root-leaves 

 lanceolate, upright, with one or two sharp teeth, even, having 

 a few villose hairs along the keel ; stem-leaves minute, very 

 few; corolla yellow. The whole plant, says Villars, has the 

 smell of the Wild Lettuce in a greater degree than any of 

 the Hawkweeds. Perennial. Native of the south of France, 

 the Valais, Austria, Silesia, and Italy. 



20. Hieracium Chondrilloides; Gum-succory Hawhweed. 

 Stem branched ; stem-leaves elongate-toothed, smooth ; root- 

 leaves lanceolate, entire ; peduncles from the upper axils of 

 the leaves, the same height with the stem, solitary, almost 

 naked, one-flowered ; corolla yellow. It flowers in June and 

 July, and is a native of the south of France, Austria, and 

 Silesia. 



21. Hieracium Murornm; Wall Hawkweed. Stem branch- 

 ed ; root-leaves ovate, toothed ; stem-leaf smaller. This plant 

 varies exceedingly, as appears from the different figures which 

 are given of it. The general appearance is as follows: Root 

 simple, producing one slender stem, a foot or fifteen inches 

 high, cylindrical, having soft hairs scattered over it, slightly 

 striated, reddish towards the base ; sometimes naked or nearly 

 so, sometimes clothed with leaves nearly similar to the others, 

 only more acute ; flowers in a branched panicle, on separate 

 peduncles, with each an awl-shaped bracte ; calix of numerous, 

 unequal, linear, lanceolate leaves, the lower one spreading; 

 corolla yellow; seeds nearly cylindrical, furrowed, smooth, 

 dark purple, crowned with a sessile down, as long as the seed : 

 ray simple, the length of the calix. Linneus observes, that 

 the flowers open about six in the morning, and close about 

 two in the afternoon. Lightfoot says, that about eighteen 

 days elapse between the first expansion of the flower and 

 the ripening of the seed. Our old authors call it French or 

 Golden Lungwort. There are many varieties. Common in 

 various parts of England. 



22. Hieracium Humile. Stem few-flowered, scarcely 

 higher than the lower leaves, which are hirsute and gashed. 

 Native place unknown. 



23. Hieracium Paludosum; Marsh Hawkweed. Stem 

 panicled; leaves clasping, toothed, smooth; calices hispid; 

 root perennial; flowers single; peduncles smooth. The flow- 

 ers open at six in the morning, and close again at five in the 

 afternoon. Possibly it may be only a variety of the twenty- 

 first species, though it has acquired from its place of growth 

 so very different an appearance. Native of many parts of 

 Europe, in moist meadows and woods, and by the sides of 

 mountains, rivers, and rivulets. It is found in several parts 

 of the northern counties of England, and also in Scotland. 



24. Hieracium Lyratum ; Siberian Hawkweed. Stem many- 

 flowered ; leaves lyrate, smooth ; calix and peduncles hispid. 

 Nearly allied to the foregoing. Native of Siberia. 



25. Hieracium Cerinthoides ; Honeywort Hawkweed. 

 Root-leaves obovate, toothletted ; stem-leaves oblong, half- 

 clasping; root perennial, black, branched, frequently ending 

 abruptly ; plant evergreen ; peduncles one-flowered, ash- 

 coloured, and hispid, with long hairs, single from the axils. 

 Gouan remarks, that it varies in its native place, with a stem 

 scarcely a hand in height, with two flowers, and a single 

 leaf, if any. Native of the Pyrenees. 



