H I E 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



HIE 



691 



26. Hieracium Amplexicaule ; Heart-leaved Hawkweed. 

 Leaves stem-clasping, heart-shaped, somewhat toothed; pe- 

 duncles one-flowered, hirsute ; stem branched, a foot high. 

 The panicle has a pile between the hairs, by which it is 

 almost tomentose. The constant characters of the species, 

 in all its varieties, are, the great quantity of glandular hairs, 

 which give it the smell of Baum, or new honey ; the open- 

 ness of the lower scales of the calix ; the russet colour of the 

 whole plant; and the hairs of the egret brittle, and elbowed 

 at the base. Native of the Pyrenean mountains. 



27. Hieracium Pyrenaicum; Pyrenean Hawkweed. Leaves 

 stem-clasping, obovate-lanceolate, toothed backwards ; stem 

 simple; calices loose. This species varies so much as not 

 to be easily determined. One variety has a root perennial, 

 fibrous, forming a tuft, whence spring several stems a foot 

 and half high ; peduncles several, solitary, from the upper 

 axils, each terminated by one large yellow flower, in which the 

 florets are separated and dispersed. Native of Dauphiny. 

 Another has the stem two feet high, upright, slightly striated, 

 hairy, branched only at top ; peduncles or branches three 

 inches long, axillary, alternate, clothed at top only with very 

 small, loose, wandering scales ; corolla yellow. Native of the 

 Pyrenean mountains. In a third variety, from a woody, per- 

 ennial, brown, divided root, arise a few simple, round, upright 

 stalks, striated, and more or less hispid at top, annual, from a 

 foot to a foot and a half in height; peduncles three or four, 

 (sometimes only a single terminating one,) axillary, solitary, 

 almost of the same height, upright, hispid, striated, leafless, 

 or having only one or two ciliate bractes ; flower large and 

 elegant, yellow. It flowers in August, and is a native of 

 Austria. A fourth variety, has the stem-leaves much sagit- 

 tate, with very acute earlets ; peduncles long, one-flowered, 

 swelling below the flower, black with hairs ; down simple, 

 sessile. Native of Switzerland. 



28. Hieracium Molle ; Soft-leaved Hawkweed. Leaves 

 lanceolate, almost entire, soft, the lower ones petioled ; flow- 

 ers on peduncles, forming a kind of corymb ; root perennial, 

 blackish, bitten, and furnished with long, white, round fibres : 

 it produces annually a simple, upright, striated, purplish, some- 

 what hairy, leafy stem, of about a foot or two in height ; the 

 top of which is divided into a few single-flowered footstalks 

 of about an inch and half long, and a little hairy; corolla 

 deep yellow, with antherse and stigma of the same colour. 

 It grows about the borders of the subalpine woods, flowering 

 in July, and producing seeds in August : but when cultivated 

 in a garden, it flowers about the end of May or beginning of 

 June, and grows more branchy from the bosoms of the leaves ; 

 but in other respects does not change its habit. Native of 

 Austria: found also in Scotland in the year 1780. 



29. Hieracium Stipitatum. Stem branched, with only a 

 leaf or two ; leaves toothed ; down stiped. This plant grows 

 a foot high or higher. From a perennial, bitten, oblique 

 round roof, of about an inch and half long, and the thickness 

 of a quill, of a palish brown colour, and increased by small 

 fibres, it produces annually a solitary, round, somewhat 

 striated, fistulous stem, smooth below, and above rather his- 

 pid, with scattered dark hairs ; the corollules are yellow, and 

 five-toothed; antherse brown. It is found on hilly meadows, 

 flowering in June, and seeding in July. Native of Austria. 



30. Hieracium Villosum ;' Villose Hawkweed. Stem branch- 

 ed ; leaves hirsute; root-leaves lanceolate-ovate, toothed; 

 stem-leaves clasping, heart-shaped; root-leaves lanceolate, 

 broadish. It varies, says Jacquin, so much in different soils, 

 that it is difficult to give such a description as will a"gree with 

 every individual. Root knobbed, unequal, blackish, perennial, 

 with round whitish fibres; flowers large, handsome, yellow; 



calix loose, with black dots, and much white wool ; seeds 

 short, with a sessile simple egret, appearing toothed with a 

 magnifier. The hairs on this plant are almost all very white, 

 long, and feathery ; there are some, however, shorter, and 

 terminated by a gland. Both it and its varieties are natives 

 of Dauphiny, Switzerland, Austria, Bohemia, and Silesia, in 

 mountain pastures. It has also been found on the moist 

 rocks of Ben Nevis, a high mountain in Scotland. 



31. Hieracium Glutinosum; Clammy Hawkweed. Leaves 

 lanceolate, runcinate, somewhat scabrous; flowers in umbels; 

 stem striated ; root annual. Native of the south of France. 



32. Hieracium Kalmii; Kalm's Hawkweed. Stem upright, 

 many-flowered ; leaves lanceolate, toothed ; peduncles tomen- 

 tose at the top of the stalk, alternate, commonly simple and 

 one-flowered ; with fewer linear bractes ; flowers small, ter- 

 minating, upright. Found by Kalm in Pennsylvania. 



33. Hieracium Undulatum ; Wave-leaved Hawkweed. Stem 

 branched ; leaves elliptic, toothed, waved, hairy ; hairs plu- 

 mose. Native of Spain. 



34. Hieracium Sprengerianum ; Branched Hawkweed. 

 Stem branched ; leaves half stem-clasping, oblong, repand, 

 hispid ; calices terminating, several, peduncled, scatteringly 

 haired. Native of Portugal. 



35. Hieracium Spicatum ; Hairy Hawkweed. Stem many- 

 flowered ; leaves stem-clasping, hairy, thinly toothed. The 

 smallness and great number of flowers in this plant, joined 

 to their conical form, and the disposition of the branches, 

 which subdivide and divaricate at right angles, distinguish 

 it from all the known Hieraciums. Native of Switzer- 

 land, Dauphiny, and Piedmont. Found also in woods in 

 the south part of Scotland. 



36. Hieracium Sabaudum; Shrubby Hawkweed. Stem 

 upright, many-flowered ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, toothed, 

 half stem-clasping; root fibrous, perennial, yellowish ash- 

 colour on the outside, white within ; branches subdivided, and 

 the last subdivisions one-flowered; peduncles erect, whitish, 

 with pubescence, a little thicker at top, having scales scattered 

 over them forming a thin corymb ; flowers yellow, an inch and 

 half in diameter. They open at seven in the morning, and 

 close between one and two in the afternoon, in July, August, 

 and September. It varies with leaves covered with a short 

 and just perceptible down, so as to have the appearance of 

 being smooth ; with one flower only on a stem ; and with broad 

 lanceolate leaves on short footstalks. Native of most parti 

 of Europe ; not common in Great Britain. 



37. Hieracium Umbellatum; Umbelled or Bushy Hieracium. 

 Leaves linear, somewhat toothed, scattered ; flowers in a 

 kind of umbel ; root perennial, prsemorse or truncate, yellow 

 on the outside, white within, having many fibres in bundles; 

 stem from two to four feet high, upright, simple, round, stri- 

 ated, hollow, nearly smooth, green, frequently dotted with 

 red alternately, especially towards the top, dividing into 

 branches ; flower large, yellow, containing as far as ninety- 

 seven florets. This species is often confounded with the 

 preceding, by intermediate individuals partaking of the cha- 

 racters of both, and perhaps they are more distinguishable 

 by the eye than by the specific differences. Mr. Curtis thinks, 

 that the most obvious character of this species consists in 

 the shortness of its leaves. It is a strong-smelling plant ; 

 and in Scania is used as a dye, communicating to wool an 

 elegant and beautiful colour. It flowers in July, August, 

 and September. Native of dry pastures in most parts of 

 Europe. It is not common in England, but is found on the 

 sandy or gravelly heaths about Hampstead, Barnet, and Charl- 

 ton ; in the neighbourhood of London ; and near Hildersham 

 and Gamlingay, in Cambridgeshire. 



