H IP 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



HIP 



693 



Stamina : in the males, filamenta five, very short ; antherae 

 cylindric, shorter. Pistil: in the females, germen margined, 

 large ; style bifid ; stigmas upright. Pericarp : none ; calix 

 unchanged. Seeds: in the females oval, with a very wide 

 rim all round, naked. Receptacle: naked. ESSENTIAL 

 CHARACTER. Calix: hemispherical, subimbricate. Carol- 

 lets of the ray ten, obsolete, subtrifid. Seeds: with a broad 



margin, naked. Down: none. Receptacle: naked. 



The species are, 



1. Hippia Integrifolia; Annual Hippia. Hispid, erect: 

 leaves ovate, serrate, five-nerved ; racemes terminating. 

 Native of the East Indies. 



2. Hippia Minuta; Minute Hippia. Herbaceous, pro- 

 cumbent, creeping, smooth : leaves pinnate ; peduncles axil- 

 lary, one-flowered ; stems procumbent, jointed, putting out 

 rooting fibres at every joint ; flowers small. Native of South 

 America. 



3. Hippia Frutescens ; Shrubby Hippia. Shrubby, viHose : 

 leaves pinnatifid ; flowers corymbed ; stem shrubby, five or 

 six feet high, sending out branches on every side the whole 

 length. The flowers are produced in small roundish bunches 

 at the ends of the branches : they are of a sulphur colour, 

 and appear in May: but there is a succession of flowers on the 

 same plant during great part of the summer. Native of the 

 Cape. The seeds of this plant rarely ripen in England ; but 

 it is easily propagated by cuttings planted in a bed of loamy 

 earth, during any of the summer months. Shade them from 

 the sun until they have taken root, and refresh them fre- 

 quently with water ; take them up with balls of earth about 

 their roots, plant them in pots, and place them in a shady 

 situation until they have taken new root ; then remove them 

 to a sheltered place among other hardy exotics, and in Octo- 

 ber put them into shelter. This plant requiring only pro- 

 tection from frost, must not be too tenderly treated. 



Hippocratea; a genus of the class Triandria, order Mo- 

 nogynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one- 

 leafed, five-parted, very small; leaflets roundish, spreading, 

 incumbent, smaller than the corolla. Corolla: petals five, 

 ovate, spreading, permanent, excavated at the tip, villose. 

 Stamina: Qlamenta three, contiguous to the germen and 

 style, awl-shaped, reflex at the tip ; antheree roundish, with 

 a transverse groove. Pistil: germen roundish ; style three- 

 sided, awl-shaped, longer than the stamina ; stigma blunt. 

 Pericarp : capsules three, obcordate or elliptic, compressed, 

 large, with two-valved cells; valves keeled and compressed. 

 Seeds: in fives or sixes, oblong, with a membranaceous wing, 

 at first soft, but afterwards hardening like nuts, with oblong 

 kernels. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : five-parted. Pe- 

 tals: five. Capsule: three, obcordate, or elliptic. The 



species are, 



1. Hippocratea Volubilis. Racemed, corymbed: leaves 

 ovate-lanceolate, serrate. This is a scandent plant, and not 

 twining, growing to the height of eight or ten feet, with very 

 slender stalks ; flowers terminating, subsessile, crowded, 

 greenish white, minute. Native of Carthagena in New 

 Spain, and several of the West India islands. Swartz says 

 it flowers in the spring; Jacquin saw it flowering both in 

 April and December, and gathered the fruit in July. He 

 informs us, that in the dry season, when all the trees lose 

 their leaves, this plant, with the Capers and a few others, 

 continue flourishing. 



2. Hippocratea Comosa. Panicles comose; peduncles 

 multifid, capillary; leaves ovate, acuminate, entire. Native 

 of Hispaniola, flowering in February. 



3. Hippocratea Indica. Panicles axillary, opposite, ped un- 

 cled; leaves opposite, short-petioled, oval, sawed, smooth, 



VOL. i. 58. 



shining, about two inches long. A large twining shrub, 

 native of forests, hills, and uncultivated places on the coast 

 of Coromandel. 



Hippocrepis; a genus of the class Diadelphia, order De- 

 candria. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: umbel simple;, 

 perianth one-leafed, five-toothed, (the upper toothlets joined, 

 and less divided,) permanent. Corolla : papilionaceous ; 

 banner heart-shaped, with a claw the length of the calix ; 

 wings ovate-oblong, blunt ; keel lunulate, compressed. Sta- 

 mina: filamenta diadelphous, simple and nine-cleft, ascend- 

 ing; antherte simple. Pistil: germen slender, oblong, end- 

 ing in a subulate ascending style; stigma very simple. Peri- 

 carp: legume compressed and membranaceous, very long, 

 curved inwards, one of the sutures many times cut almost to 

 the top into roundish sinuses, and heuce consisting of several 

 joints obtusely triangular, connected by the upper suture. 

 Seeds : solitary in each joint, oblong, incurved. Observe. 

 The ESSENTIAL CHARACTER consists in the horse-shoe 

 form of the Legume. These plants are propagated by seed, 

 which should be sown in the autumn wherever the plants are 

 intended to remain ; when they are come up, weed them, and 

 thin them where too close, which is all the culture they 

 require. The species are, 



1. Hippocrepis Unisiliquosa ; Single-podded Hor$e-s/u>e 

 Vetch. Legumes sessile, solitary, straight. This is an an- 

 nual plant, which sends from the root several trailing stalks 

 a foot long, that divide upwards into smaller branches. 

 Leaves pinnate, composed of four or five pairs of narrow 

 small leaflets terminated by an odd one. From the wings 

 of the stalk come out single flowers, which are yellow, and 

 are succeeded by single pods sitting close to the stalks, which 

 are about two inches long, and a third of an inch broad, 

 bending inwards like a sickle, and divided into many joints, 

 shaped like a horse-shoe. This flowers in June and July, 

 and ripens seed in autumn, soon after which it decays. 

 Native of Italy, and the south of Europe. Observed by Ray 

 near Leghorn and Naples. 



2. Hippocrepis Multisiliquosa; Many-podded Horse-shoe 

 Vetch. Legumes peduncled, crowded, circular, smooth, 

 lobed on the outer margin ; leaves and calices smooth : the 

 trailing stalks of this plant bear a great resemblance to those 

 of the preceding, but its flowers are produced on lonej axil- 

 lary peduncles ; they are small, yellow, and many clustered 

 together. Native of the south of Europe. Like the preced- 

 ing it is annual, and decays in autumn after the seeds are 

 perfected. 



3. Hippocrepis Balearica ; Shrubby Horse-shoe Vetch. 

 Legumes peduncled, crowded, smooth, lobed on the outer 

 margin ; leaves and calices somewhat hairy ; stems ancipital ; 

 root short, woody, the thickness of a finger : the flowers 

 have a small degree of sweetness ; corolla yellow. It flowers 

 in May and June. Native of Minorca. The roots will last 

 two or three years in good ground in a green-house. 



4. Hippocrepis Comosa ; Tufted Horse-shoe Vetch. Le- 

 gumes peduncled, crowded, arched, rugged, sinuated on 

 both margin^ ; root perennial, thick, woody, fibrous, yellow 

 on the outside, white within. The whole plant is smooth ; 

 stems trailing, ascending, grooved, from two to nine inches 

 long, much branched; leaves pinnate, of numerous obovate 

 emarginate leaflets, with an odd one ; peduncles axillary, 

 from two to five inches long ; flowers six to eight or ten, dis- 

 posed in a circle round the top of the peduncle, after flower- 

 ing bent down ; corolla yellow. It flowers from April to 

 July, and is found in the calcareous soils of Germany, Italy, 

 France, Austria, and England. 



5. Hippocrepis Barbata ; Bearded Horse-shoe Vetch. Le- 

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