708 



HUM 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



H LI M 



the length of the calix; stigma blunt. Pericarp: capsule 

 cylindric, shorter by half than the calix, one-celled, three- 

 valved. Seeds: three, rounded on one side, angular on the 

 other. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: five-leaved, tubu- 

 lar; (according to Jussieu, three-leaved above, three-parted.) 

 Corolla : none ; (petals five, and very small, according to Ber- 

 gius.) Stamina: fifteen. Capsule: one-celled, three-valved, 



three-seeded. 'The only species known is, 



1. Hudsonia Ericoides. This is a shrub, with the appear- 

 ance and habit of Heath. Branchlets filiform, scattered, imbri- 

 cate ; leaves subulate-acerose, hirsute ; when tender still more 

 hirsute and hoary, so that those on the extreme branchlets 

 seem as if they had leafy gems scattered over them ; peduncles 

 from the leafy gems solitary, filiform, longer than the leaves ; 

 calix erect, pubescent. Native of New Jersey and Virginia. 



Huyonia; a genus of the class Monadelphia, order Decan- 

 dria. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one-leafed; 

 segments ovate, acute, concave, coriaceous, permanent, the 

 two outer ones larger; (Gsertner says, five-leaved.) Corolla: 

 petals five, roundish, large, emarginate, spreading, narrowed 

 at the base, fixed at the base by slender claws to the little 

 pitcher or stamina. Stamina: filamenta ten, awl-shaped, 

 equal, shorter than the corolla, connected at bottom into a 

 little pitcher ; antherse roundish, furrowed, incumbent. Pis- 

 til : germen roundish; styles five, filiform, longer than the 

 stamina ; stigmas capitate, orbicular, flat. Pericarp : drupe 

 globular, one-celled ; (according to Gsertner, a berried drupe.) 

 Seed: nut globular, deeply striated, ten-celled; kernels 

 oblong, compressed, bowed at the back. Observe. The two 

 outer segments of the perianth are wholly tomentose on the 

 outside ; the middle one is also tomentose, except that part 

 where it is covered by one of the former, and there it is 

 smooth and shining, as are the two inner ones, which are 

 tomentose at the tip only. Five of the filamenta are a little 

 shorter than the rest. The alternate kernels seem frequently 

 to be abortive ; which is perhaps the cause why Cavanilles 

 makes the fruit to be five-celled. In the drupe which Schre- 

 ber opened, there were more than five kernels. ESSENTIAL 

 CHARACTER. Five-styled. Corolla: five-petalled. Drupe: 



with a striated nut. One species only is known, 



I. Hugonia Mystax. Spines opposite, revolute. This is 

 a tree, with an irregular bark. Branchlets short, alternate, 

 spreading, leafy at the end ; leaves oval, quite entire, smooth, 

 petioled, clustered ; flowers several, in clusters from the ends 

 of the branches, white ; the fruit is a berried, spherical, suc- 

 culent drupe; the skin is very thin, papery, tough, white, 

 with a very polished shining surface. The root is esteemed 

 useful as a topical application to inflamed or swelled parts, 

 and even the bite of the hooded serpent. It is also given 

 internally for febrile disorders in children, for the colic, 

 worms, &c. Native of the East Indies. 

 Humble Plant. See Mimosa. 



Humulus; a genus of the class Dioecia, order Pentandria. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Male. Calix : perianth five-leaved ; 

 leaflets oblong, concave, blunt. Corolla : none. Stamina : 

 filamenta five, capillary, very short ; antheroe oblong. Female. 

 Calix: involucre universal, four-parted, sharp; partial, four- 

 leaved, ovate, eight-flowered ; to each flower a perianth, one- 

 leafed, ovate, very large, outwardly flat on one side, con- 

 verging at the side. Corolla: none. Pistil: germen very 

 small ; stylei two, subulate, patulous ; stigmas sharp Peri- 

 carp : none. Calix : enclosing the seed at the base. Seed : 

 roundish, covered with a coat. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Male. Calix: five-leafed. Corolla: none. Female. Calix: one- 

 leafed, spreading obliquely, entire. Corotta.-none. Styles: two. 

 Seed: one, within a leafed calix. The only species is, 



1. Humulus Lupulus ; Hops. Root perennial ; stems weak 

 and twining, not climbing by tendrils, but ascending a prop, 

 trees, or shrubs, in a spiral, always with the sun, that is from 

 right to left, or from east to west by the south ; this direction 

 it has in common with Tamus or Black Briony, Lonicera or 

 Honeysuckle, and several others ; but more turn the contrary 

 way, or from left to right, as Phaseolus or Kidney Beans, and 

 several other leguminous plants, Convolvulus, &c. The Hop 

 stems are angular, striated, and rugged, with very minute 

 prickles; leaves opposite, stalked, heart-shaped, undivided 

 or three-lobed, often five-lobed, serrated, veiny and harsh ; 

 stipules two or four, cordate, bifid, at each joint; flowers 

 greenish yellow; the males on branched peduncles; the 

 females on a distinct plant, in axillary, stalked, ovate, droop- 

 ing catkins. Native of hedges and bushy places in a moist 

 deep soil, in various parts of Europe, as well as in North 

 America, blossoming in July. Propagation and Culture. 

 As we feel it our duty to afford every information which our 

 limits will admit, concerning this invaluable plant, we shall 

 first treat Of the choice of soil. The Hop-planters esteem 

 the richest and strongest grounds the most proper; and if it 

 be rocky within two or three feet of the surface, the Flops 

 will prosper well ; though they will not thrive on a stiff clay, 

 or spongy wet land. The Kentish planters account new 

 land best for Hops : they plant their Hop-gardens with Apple- 

 trees at a large distance, and with Cherry-trees between ; so 

 that when the land has done its best for Hops, which they 

 calculate will be at the end of ten years, the trees may begin 

 to bear. The Cherry-trees last about thirty years; and by 

 the time the Apple-trees become large, they cut down the 

 Cherry-trees. As to the situation of a Hop-ground, one that 

 inclines to the south or west is the most eligible ; but if it be 

 exposed to the south-east or north-west winds, there should 

 be a shelter of some trees at a distance, because the north- 

 east winds are apt to nip the tender shoots in the spring; 

 and the south-west winds frequently break and blow down the 

 poles at the latter end of tlie summer, and very much endanger 

 the Hops. In the winter time provide your soil and manure 

 for the Hop-ground against the following spring. If the dung 

 be rotten, mix it with two or three parts of common earth, 

 and let it incorporate together till you have occasion to make 

 use of it in making your Hop-hills; but if it be new dung, 

 then let it be mixed as before till the spring in the next year ; 

 for new dung is very injurious to Hops. Dung of all sorts 

 was formerly more commonly made use of than at present, 

 especially when rotted and turned to mould, and they who 

 have no other manure must use it ; which if they do, cows' or 

 hogs' dung, or human ordure, mixed with mud, may be a 

 proper compost, because Hops delight most in a manure that 

 is cool and moist Planting. Hops require to be planted 

 in a situation so open as that the air may freely pass round 

 and between them, to dry up and dissipate the moisture, 

 whereby they will not be so subject to fire-blasts, which often 

 destroy the middle of large plantations, while the outsides 

 remain unhurt. As for the preparation of the ground for 

 planting, it should in the preceding winter be ploughed and 

 harrowed even : then lay upon it in heaps a good quantity of 

 fresh rich earth, or well-rotted dung and earth mixed toge- 

 ther, sufficient to put half a bushel in every hole, to plant the 

 Hops in, unless the natural ground l>e cry fresh and good. 

 The hills where the Hops are to be pl.mied should be eight or 

 nine feet asunder, that the air may freely pass between them, 

 for in close plantations they are very subject to what the 

 Hop-planters call the fire-blast. If the Around be intended 

 to be ploughed with horses between tin lulls, it will be best 

 to chequer them in squares; but if the ground be so small 



