J AS 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



J AS 



735 



plants continue flowering great part of the year, when they are 

 kept in a proper temperature of warmth. This beautiful plant, 

 so mush esteemed for its highly odoriferous flowers, is a native 

 of the East Indies, where it is much cultivated, as well as in 

 China and in the West Indies. There are several varieties of 

 it in those countries: we have it both with single and double 

 flowers, and also with double large flowers; which last grows 

 naturally at Malabar, and, being very fragrant, the women 

 there string its flowers round their necks by way of ornament. 

 These plants are frequently imported from Italy by the Ita- 

 lian gardeners, who bring orange-trees for sale; but as they 

 are always grafted upon stocks of the Common Jasmine, and 

 do not keep pace with the growth of the stock, they become 

 very unsightly; besides, the stocks are very apt to shoot from 

 the bottom, and if these shoots be not constantly rubbed off, 

 they will starve the graft. The best method therefore to ob- 

 tain plants is by layers or cuttings: the former is the surest 

 method, for unless the cuttings be very carefully managed, 

 they will not take root; and the stems being pliable, may 

 easily be brought down, and laid in pots filled with a soft 

 loamy soil, plunged into a hot-bed of tan. If the branches 

 be laid down in the spring and carefully watered, they will 

 put out roots by autumn, when they should be cut from the 

 old plants, and each transplanted into a separate small pot, 

 and then plunged into the tan-bed, where they should be shad- 

 ed from the sun till they have taken new root. Cuttings may 

 be planted from May to August, in pots filled with the same 

 earth, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed of tanners' bark. 

 The pots should be large enough to contain ten or twelve cut- 

 tings, and should be closely covered with bell or hand glasses 

 to exclude the air, shaded from the stin in the heat of the day, 

 and gently refreshed with water when the earth is dry; they 

 will have taken root by August, when they may be transplanted 

 into separate pots, and treated in the same way as the layers. 

 This plant may be preserved in a moderate degree of warmth, 

 but will thrive much better in the bark-stove, and produce a 

 greater quantity of-flowers; as the leaves continue all the 

 year, it will make a fine appearance at all seasons in the stove, 

 and it will produce flowers great part of the year. 



2. Jasminum Glaucum; Glaucous-leaved Jasmine. Leaves 

 opposite, simple, lanceolate, shining ; calicine segments awl- 

 shaped. This is a shrub with round, even, opposite branches-; 

 peduncles terminating, three-cleft or three-flowered ; flowers 

 larger than those of Common Jasmine. It flowers in August. 

 Native of the Cape. 



3. Jasminum Capense ; Cape Jasmine. Leaves opposite, 

 ternate, ovate, acuminate ; stem erect ; leaves angular. 

 Found by Thunberg at the Cape. 



4. Jasminum Azoricum ; Azorian Jasmine. Leaves oppo- 

 site, ternate ; leaflets ovate and subcordate, waved ; branch- 

 lets smooth, round ; segments of the corolla equal to the 

 tube. It has long slender branches, which require support, 

 and may. be trained twenty feet high ; flowers terminating in 

 loose bunches; the corolla is of a clear white, and has a very 

 agreeable scent. It flowers from May to November. Native 

 of the Azores. This species is pretty hardy, and only re- 

 quires to be sheltered from severe frost. It is a green-house 

 plant, but will live against a warm wall if dung be laid to the 

 roots, and a mat laid over it in frosty weather. It deserves 

 a place in every green-house, for the leaves being of a shining 

 green, make a good appearance all the year, and the flowers 

 affording a fine scent, and continuing long in succession, 

 render it very valuable. It is propagated in the same man- 

 ner as the twelfth species; which see. 



5. Jasminum Angulare; Angular Jasmine. Leaves oppo- 

 site, ternfite ; leaflets ovate, obtuse ; branchlets angular, both 



they and the petioles villose; peduncles axillary, three-flower- 

 ed. Native of the Cape. 



6. Jasminum Auriculatum; Malabar Jasmine. Leaves op- 

 posite, ternate, on the flowering branchlets simple ; calices 

 angular ; branches round and pubescent. Corolla an inch 

 long, smooth. Native of Malabar. 



7. Jasminum Flexile ; Flexuose Jasmine. Smooth: leaves 

 opposite, teinate; racemes axillary, brachiate; stem climbing; 

 branches round. Native of the East Indies. 



8. Jasminum Didymum. Smooth: leaves opposite, ter- 

 nate; leaflets ovate-lanceolate; racemes axillary. This seems 

 to be a climbing shrub. Native of the Society Isles. 



9. Jasminum Simplicifolium. Leaves opposite, ovate, lan- 

 ceolate, simple. Native of the Friendly Islands. 



10. Jasminum Fruticans ; Common Yellow Jasmine. 

 Leaves alternate, ternate; leaflets obovate and wedge-shaped, 

 obtuse ; branches angular ; calicine segments awl-shaped. 

 It has weak angular branches which require support, and 

 will rise to the height of eight or ten feet, if planted against a 

 wall or pale. The calix is deeply five-cleft. Native of the 

 south of Europe, and the Levant. Besides the common name 

 of Yellow Jasmine, Parkinson has those of Shrubby Trefoil 

 and Make-bate, which are now obsolete. This plant was for- 

 merly more cultivated than at present, for as the flowers are 

 destitute of scent, few persons regard them ; besides, it often 

 produces so many suckers as to become troublesome ; and 

 as it cannot be kept in order for standards, it is seldom intro- 

 duced into gardens at present. It is easily propagated by 

 suckers or layers. 



11. Jasminum Humile; Italian Yellow Jasmine. Leaves 

 alternate, acute, ternate and pinnate ; branches angular ; 

 calicine segments very short. This species also was annually 

 brought from Italy by those who imported Orange-trees ; the 

 flowers are generally larger than those of the preceding, but 

 have very little scent, and are seldom produced so early in 

 the season: it flowers from July to September. Native 

 country unknown. This is less hardy than the preceding 

 species, but will endure the cold of our ordinary winters in a 

 warm situation : it may be propagated by laying down the 

 tender branches, or by budding or inarching it upon the 

 common yellow sort; the latter mode is preferable for obtain- 

 ing hardier plants : it should be planted against a warm 

 wall, and in severe winters will require to be sheltered with 

 mats; it must be dressed and pruned in the same way as the 

 White Jasmine. 



12. Jasminum Odoratissimum ; Yellow Indian Jasmine. 

 Leaves alternate, bluntish, ternate and pinnate; branches 

 round ; calicine segments very short. This rises with an up- 

 right woody stalk eight or ten feet high, covered with a brown 

 bark, sending out several branches, which want no support; 

 leaflets of a lucid green, ovate and entire, continuing green all 

 the year. The flowers are produced in bunches at the ends of 

 the shoots ; the corolla has a long slender tube, and the seg- 

 ments are blunt and spreading; the whole is of a bright yel- 

 low colour, and has a most grateful odour. The flowers come 

 out from July to October and November, and are frequently 

 succeeded by oblong oval berries, which turn black when 

 ripe, and have each two seeds. Native of Madeira. It is 

 propagated either by the seeds, or by laying down the tender 

 branches; if by seeds, which it sometimes produces in Eng- 

 land, make a moderate hot-bed in the spring, into which 

 plunge some small pots, filled with fresh light earth, and in 

 a day or two after, when you find the earth in the pots warm, 

 put in the seeds, four in each pot, covering them about an 

 inch thick with the same light earth, which, when dry, must 

 be frequently refreshed with water in small quantities ; about 



