JUS 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



JUS 



775 



obtuse, narrowed at the base, two-celled, two-valved; the 

 partition opposite to the valves, gaping with an elastic claw. 

 Seeds: roundish. Observe. Some species recede so much 

 from this character as to seem a distinct genus. ESSENTIAL 

 CHARACTER. Corolla: ringent. Capsule: two-celled, open- 

 ing with an elastic claw. Stamina: with a single anther. 

 It appears from the recent observations of Jacquin, Jus- 

 sicu, Vahl, and others, that the two antheree on each fila- 

 mentiun are not a sufficient generic distinction ; for in some 

 species of Dianthera the filamenta are divided into two seg- 

 ments, each of which has an anther ; but in others the fila- 

 menta are undivided, and have two antheree indeed, but so 

 approximated as almost to coalesce into one. But not only 

 Diantheree, properly so called, have two antheree, but most 

 of the Justicise, if not all, are really Diantheree ; for not only 

 several of Linneus's Justiciee have two antheree quite distinct, 

 (as Hyssopifolia, Orchioides, &c.) but the rest have generally 

 twin or double antheree, with this difference, that, being 

 parallel to each other, they seem to be but one, although 

 they are really two. If this natural genus, consisting of 

 Justicia and Dianthera, is to be separated, Vahl recommends 

 it to be grounded on the capsule rather than the antheree. 

 These plants are all the produce of warm climates ; not one 

 a native of Europe. They may be increased, some by seeds, 

 others by layers and cuttings, but the latter modes are mostly 



practised, as the seeds are obtained with difficulty. The 



species are, 



* With a double Calix. 



1 . Justicia Fastuosa ; Superb Justicia. Shrubby : leaves 

 lanceolate-elliptic; flowers in terminating thyrses; calices two- 

 flowered. Stem smooth, round, and even ; leaves opposite, 

 petioled, quite entire, hairy underneath, and round the edges ; 

 flowers very abundant, clustered in axillary racemules. 

 Native of Arabia Felix, and the island of St. Johanna. 



2. Justicia Forskahlei. Shrubby: leaves ovate, acuminate; 

 flowers in axillary and terminating thyrses ; calices one-flow- 

 ered. Native of Arabia Felix. 



3. Justicia Purpurea. Herbaceous: branches pubescent; 

 flowers in axillary and terminating spikes ; bractes lanceolate, 

 smooth. Stem rooting, brachiate ; corollas purple. Found 

 near Canton in China. 



4. Justicia Verticillaris. Villose : leaves ovate; flowers axil- 

 lary, in whorls; outer calices awnless. Native of the Cape. 



fj. Justicia Aristata. Villose: leaves ovate ; flowers axil- 

 lary, in whorls, subsessile ; outer calices awned. Native of 

 the Cape. 



6. Justicia Chinensis. Herbaceous: leaves ovate; pedun- 

 cles axillary, in whorls, trifid ; braotes ovate, mucronate, co- 

 loured at the base. Stems procumbent, a foot long, branched 

 at bottom; corolla pale violet colour. Native 'of China. 



7. Justicia Triflora. Herbaceous: leaves ovate; peduncles 

 axillary, elongated, subtriflorous ; bractes linear-lanceolate, 

 Native of Arabia Felix. 



8. Justicia Serpens. Herbaceous, creeping: leaves oblong, 

 smooth ; flowers axillary, solitary. Stem filiform. Native of 

 the Isle of France. 



9. Justicia Sulcata. Herbaceous: leaves ovate-cordate; 

 spikes terminating; flowers in whorls. See Dianthera fiulcata. 



10. Justicia Bicaliculata. Leaves ovate-acuminate; Mow- 

 ers in axillary dichotomous panicles; outer bracte linear, 

 double the length of the other ; antheree binate. Flowers 

 purple. Native of the East Indies. 



11. Justicia Bivalvis. Shrubby: leaves ovate-lanceolate ; 

 peduncles axillary, trifid, lateral ; pedicels two-flowered ; 

 bractes ovate, awned, nerved; capsule villose. Native of the 

 East Indies and Arabia Felix. 



** With a single Calix. Corollas two-lipped; lips undivided- 



12. Justicia Sexangularis ; Chickweed-leaved Justicia. 

 Herbaceous : leaves ovate ; peduncles three-flowered; bractes 

 wedge-shaped ; antheree parallel. The flowers appear in 

 small spikes at the sides of the branches, and are of a 

 beautiful carmine colour; stalk upright. It is annual, and a 

 native of La Vera Cruz and Jamaica. This, as also the 13th, 

 16th, 7'2d, 79th, and 80th species, may be propagated by 

 seeds sown early in the spring, in small pots filled with light 

 fresh earth, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed of tanner's 

 bark, observing to water the earth gently when it appears 

 dry. As the seed frequently lies a year in the ground, the 

 pots must not be disturbed in case they should not imme- 

 diately appear. In the winter, they should be kept in the 

 stove, and the spring following plunged into a fresh-hot-bed. 

 When the plants begin to appear, the glasses of the hot-bed 

 should be raised every day in warm weather, to admit fresh 

 air; they ought also to be frequently watered at the same 

 time, but in small quantities while they are young, as they 

 are subject to rot at bottom with much moisture. When the 

 plants are about two inches high, take them up carefully, 

 and transplant each into a small pot filled with fresh light 

 earth, plunging them into the hot-bed again, and watering 

 and shading them till they have taken new root: then they 

 should have air admitted every day in proportion to the 

 warmth of the season, and should be duly watered every two 

 or three days in hot weather. As the plants advance in their 

 growth, they should be shifted into larger pots ; for when 

 their roots are too much confined, they will not make any 

 considerable progress. To over-pot them, however, would 

 be of still worse consequence than the Other, because, when 

 they are planted in very large pots, they will starve, and 

 decay, without producing any flowers. They are too tender 

 to endure the open air in this country; therefore should 

 always remain in the hot-bed, giving them ak in hot weather, 

 and the 12th sort should be brought forward as far as pos- 

 sible in the spring, that it may flower early, otherwise it 

 will not produce good seeds in England. 



13. Justicia Scorpioides. Shrubby: branches round; 

 leaves lanceolate-ovate, hirsute, sessile; spikes axillary, 

 recurved ; bractes minute ; antherse parallel. Flowers large, 

 of a carmine colour, and ranged on one side at the spike ; 

 stem brittle, five or six feet high, sending out many branches. 

 Discovered at Vera Cruz. See the preceding species. 

 This and the seventy-ninth species should remain in the 

 hot-bed during the summer season, provided there be room 

 for them under the glasses without being scorched ; but at 

 Michaelmas they should be removed into the stove, and 

 plunged into the bark -bed, where they must remain during 

 the winter season, observing to keep them warm, as also to 

 water them gently once or twice a week, according as they 

 shall require. The following summer these plants will flower, 

 and abide several years ; but they rarely produce good seeds 

 in Europe. 



14. Justicia Assurgens. Herbaceous: branches angular; 

 leaves ovate-elliptic ; spikes axillaryand terminating,branched ; 

 flowers alternate; bractes linear; antheree parallel. Native 

 of Jamaica. 



"* Corollas two-lipped; lower lip divided. 



15. Justicia Acaulis. Stemless : leaves crenate ; veins 

 villose underneath. Root pubescent, woolly at top. Native 

 of the East Indies. 



16. Justicia Ecbolium; Long-spiked Justicia. Shrubby: 

 spikes terminating, four-cornered ; bractes ovate, imbricate, 

 ciliate, mucronate ; upper lip linear, reflex ; antheree paraU 



