12 



LAN 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL: 



LAN 



celled, the lowest cell sterile; kernels solitary, oblong. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : obscurely four-toothed. 

 Stigma : hook-refracted. Drupe : with a two-celled nucleus. 

 The plants of this genus are all, except the fourth spe- 

 cies, propagated by cuttings. They may also be propagated 

 by seeds, which several of the sorts produce in England, 

 and the others may be easily procured from the West Indies, 

 where there is a greater variety of these plants growing natu- 

 rally than is at present known in Europe ; they are all called 

 Wild Sage by the inhabitants of the British Islands, but they 

 do not distinguish the sorts. These seeds should be sown in 

 pots filled with light earth, and plunged into a hot-bed of tan, 

 because they frequently remain long in the ground before 

 they vegetate ; therefore if the plants should not come up the 

 same year, the pots should be placed in the stove in winter, 

 and the following spring plunged into new a hot-bed, which 

 will bring up the plants. When these are fit to remove, they 

 should be each planted in a small pot, and plunged into 

 another hot-bed, observing to shade them until they have 

 taken new root; then they should have air admitted to them 

 every day, in proportion to the warmth of the season, to 

 prevent their being drawn up with weak stalks ; afterwards 

 they must be treated in the same manner as other plants from 

 the same country, till they have obtained strength ; they then 

 may be removed into an airy glass-case, or a dry-stove, where 

 they may have a large share of air in warm weather, but 

 protected from the cold. This is necessary for the young 

 plants, which should not the first year be exposed to the 

 open air, but afterwards they may be placed abroad in the 

 warmest part of summer, and in winter upon stands in the 

 dry-stove, where they will continue long in flower, and many 

 of the sorts will ripen their seeds ; but in winter they should 

 be sparingly watered, for much moisture will rot their roots. 

 If they be propagated by cuttings, the best time is in July, 

 after the plants have been exposed to the open air for about 

 a month, by which time the shoots will be hardened, so as to 

 be out of danger of rotting by moisture : these cuttings 

 should be planted in small pots filled with light earth, and 

 plunged into a moderate hot-bed ; and if they are screened 

 from the violence of the sun in the middle of the day, they 

 will be rooted in about six weeks, when they must be gra- 

 dually hardened to bear the open air, and treated afterwards 

 as the old plants. The species are, 



1. Lantana Mista; Various-flowered Lantana, or Ameri- 

 can Viburnum. Leaves opposite, ovate, acute, hairy ; stem 

 prickly at bottom ; flowers in roundish heads ; bractes lance- 

 olate. It is about five feet high. Trunk round or roundish, 

 with an ash-coloured bark. Whilst the flower is yet closed, 

 the lower part of the border appears of a pale red ; when it 

 opens, the tube and upper part of the border are saffron co- 

 loured, but become reddish, and finally dark red; this change 

 begins from the circumference, and finishes in the centre. 

 Hence the flowers in an umbel not being all open at once, 

 the middle appears of a saffron yellow, and the circumference 

 of a red colour. From this change of colour, the plant has 

 acquired the name of mista, or mixed. Native of America. 



2. Lantana Trifolia ; Three-leaved Lantana. Leaves tern 

 or quatern, elliptic, serrate, wrinkled above, villose beneath ; 

 stem unarmed; spikes oblong, imbricated. Flowers pale 

 blood-red, and not changeable. Mr. Miller says there is a 

 variety with white flowers, and leaves not quite so round, 

 entire on the edge. It flowers from June to September 

 Native of the West Indies. 



3. Lantana Viburnoides. Leaves-opposite, ovate-lanceo- 

 late ; stem unarmed ; flowers in headed spikes ; inrolucres 

 lanceolate. .Native of Mount Barah in Arabia. 



4. Lantana Annua; Annual Lantana. Leaves opposite 

 and tern cordate, rugged ; stem unarmed ; spikes oblong. 

 Corollas flesh-coloured, with a yellow throat, not changeable; 

 fruits purple, succulent, and eatable. Native of Vera Cruz, 

 and Jamaica. It can only be propagated by seeds. 



5. Lantana Stricta. Leaves opposite, oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute ; stem unarmed ; heads roundish ; bractes ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, squarrose. Native of Jamaica, on Mount Diablo. 



6. Lantana Radula. Leaves opposite, ovate, acute, ser- 

 rate, wrinkled, rough, hirsute beneath; stem almost unarmed, 

 rough ; heads oblong ; bractes ovate-acute. It has its name 

 from its rugged leaves. Native of the West Indies. 



7. Lantana Camara; Various-coloured Lantana. Leaves 

 opposite ; stem unarmed, branched ; flowers headed-umbel- 

 led leaflets. Corolla funnel-form ; the tube and border at 

 first pale sulphur-coloured, changing to saffron, light red, 

 and pale crimson ; tube round at the base, gibbous, widen- 

 ing towards the throat ; drupe the size of red currants, black 

 green, with a nauseous smell. A decoction of the leaves 

 of this plant is an excellent diaphoretic, and of great use in 

 fevers, and for strengthening the stomach Outwardly 

 applied, it will cleanse the worst ulcers, and heal up wounds, 

 and is a good ingredient in the aromatic bath. The tea, 

 with twenty drops of laudanum to half a pint, is good in 

 the dysentery, and useful as a gargle in malignant sore 

 throats. It flowers from April to September. Native of the 

 West Indies. 



8. Lantana Odorata; Sweet-scented Lantana. Leaves 

 opposite and tern, elliptic, wrinkled; stem unarmed; heads 

 squarrose ; bractes lanceolate ; peduncles shorter than the 

 leaf. Native of the West Indies ; it flowers from May to 

 November. 



9. Lantana Recta; Upright Lantana. Leaves opposite, 

 oval, wrinkled; stem unarmed; heads squarrose; bractes 

 oblong; peduncles longer than the leaf. It flowers from 

 June to August. Native of Jamaica. 



10. Lantana Involucrata; Round-leaved Lantana. Leaves 

 opposite and tern, rhomb-ovate, blunt, wrinkled, tomentose ; 

 stem unarmed ; heads squarrose ; bractes ovate. Peduncles 

 short; flowers of the same colour as in the second species, 

 but the yellow colour of the throat soon changes to white ; 

 and hence the flower is whitish with a pale flesh-coloured 

 margin. Native of the West Indies. 



1 1. Lantana Melisssefolia ; Baum-leaved Lantana. Leaves 

 opposite, ovate-oblong, villose, soft; stem prickly; spikes 

 hemispherical ; braqtes shorter by half than the tube. Corolla 

 yellow. Native of South America. 



12. Lantana Scabrida; Rough Lantana. Leaves opposite, 

 ovate, elliptic, rugged ; stem prickly ; spikes hemispherical ; 

 bractes shorter by naif than the tube, lanceolate, acute. It 

 flowers in September. Native of the West Indies. 



13. Lantana Aculeata; Prickly Lantana. Leaves oppo- 

 site, ovate, subcordate, softish underneath ; stem prickly ; 

 bractes of the heads linear-wedge-form. Colour of the tube 

 of the corolla pale-red ; border lemon-coloured, changing 

 into an orange and sometimes deeper colour. It flowers from 

 April to November. Native of the West Indies. 



14. Lantana Aurea; Golden-flowered Lantana. Leaves 

 ovate-oblong, shining; stem obscurely quadrangular, almost 

 Unarmed; corollas golden, changing to saffron-colour. Stem 

 seven feet high, beset with ickles. Native of the Bahama 

 Islands. 



15. Lantana Sanguinea; Bloody-flowered Lantana. Leaves 

 ovate-acuminate ; stem quadrangular, prickly ; corollas saf- 

 fron, changing to blood-red, but afterwards the tube only 

 keeps this hue; the border, especially the upper surface, 



