36 



LI A 



THE UNIVEKSAL HERBAL; 



LI A 



calix; anthric oblong, erect. Pistil: style filiform, a little 

 longer than the stamina, three-cleft above; stigmata three, 

 bifid; gcrmcu above ovate, glabrous. Pericarp: capsules 

 oblong, triloeular; locules Impenmms. Seeds: lenticular, 

 shining black. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: seven to 

 nine-leaved, scariose. Petals: from fourteen to eighteen. 

 Style: trifid. Capsule : trilocular, polyspermous ; seed shin- 

 ing. There is only one species known. 



1. Lewiiia Rediviva. Root fusiform, branchy, and of a 

 bloody hue ; radical leaves linear, subcarnose, somewhat 

 obtuse; pedicel geniculated at the base. The calix is ele- 

 gantly red-veined, of a consistency like paper. It flowers in 

 July, iind was found by Lewis on the banks of Clarck's river. 

 l.eyxera ; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Polyga- 

 inia Superflua. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: common 

 ovate, imbricate: scales obtuse, concave, harsh. Corolla: 

 compound, rayed ; corollets hermaphrodite, tubular, several 

 in the disk; females strap-shaped, several in the ray ; proper 

 of the hermaphrodite, funnel-form, five-toothed, rather upright; 

 female strap-shaped, lanceolate, entire. Stamina: in the 

 hermaphrodites, filumenta five, capillary, very short; aulherte 

 cjlindric, tubular. Pistil: lit the hermaphrodites, germen 

 siriall; style filiform; stigma bifid. Pericarp: none; calix 

 unchanged, tiettl : in the hermaphrodites solitary, oblong; 

 down five-bristled, feathery, long, within which is a very 

 short chaffy crown ; in the females very similar; down with 

 the chaffy crown alone, without feathers. Receptacle: naked; 

 chuffs of the rays alone, separating the flowers. ESSENTIAL. 

 CHARACTER. Calix: scariose; down chaffy; in the disk fea- 

 thery also. Rectptade: subpaleaceous. The speties are, 



1. Leysera Gnaphalodes; Woolly Leysera. Leaves scat- 

 tered ; flowers peduncled. This is an evergreen shrub, with 

 a balsamic smell; the /trunk and older branches are leafless 



and brown; the younger ones verv closely covered with leaves, 

 and spreading out very wide; peduncles filiform at the ends 

 of the branchlets, solitary, one-flowered ; corolla yellow 

 seeds brownish. It 6owers from July to September. Native 

 of the Cape of Good Hope. 



2. Leysera Callicornia. Leaves in three rows; flowers 

 suhsessile; receptacle flat, with raised dots in the middle 

 naked, rugged, and having a single row of chaffs in circum 

 fereuce. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



JJ. Leysera Paleacea. Leaves three-sided, callous at tin 

 tip, and curved back. The whole receptacle covered will 

 chaff's almost the length of the flowers; the whole crown o 

 the seed inoKbraoaccons, a aid none downy. Hence it agrees 

 in character with Buphliiahnuin ; but it resembles the pre- 

 ceding so much, as scarcely to be distinguished from it in 

 appearance. Native of the Cape <.f Good Hope. 



Liatrin; a genus of the class Syngenesis, older Polygymia 

 .EquaHs. GENERIC CHARACTER.' Calix: common ol> 

 long, imbricated, with several subovate unarmed coloured 

 scales. Corolla: compound, tubular, uniform; corollets her- 

 maphrodite, equal; proper one-petalle(i, funnel form ; tube 

 index ; border five-cleft ; divisions recurvid. Stamina: fila- 

 menta five, capillary, very short ; anther* cylindric, tubular. 

 Pistil: germen oblong; style filiform, very long, bifid to the 

 stamina, straight; stigmas rather sharp. Pericarp: none; 

 culix unchanged. Seeds: solitary, cornered ; down feathery, 

 coloured, sessile. Receptacle: naked, flat. ESSENTIAL 

 CHARACTER. Calix: oblong, imbricate, awnless, coloured. 

 Down: feathered, coloured. Receptacle: naked, hollow, 



dotted. The species are, 



1. Liatris Noveboracensis ; Long-leared Lialris. Leaves 

 lanceolate-oblong, serrate, pendulous; stems several, ten 01 

 twelve feet high, smooth, deeply striated, pale green, stout, 



igid, straight, not branching except at top; flowers in a sort 

 if umbel, or corymbed at top; the florets are of a deep 

 >urple colour; and the calix is tinged with purple. -Native 

 not only of New York, but of Virginia, Carolina, and other 

 jarls of North America. 



2. Liatris Praealta ; Tall Lialris. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, 

 serrate, spreading, hirsute underneath ; root perennial, large, 

 striking deep into the ground ; stems branching ocily at top, 

 seven or eight feet high, purplish, straight, deeply striated ; 

 Sowers in loose erect bunches at the ends of the branches; 

 florets pale purple; receptacle naked. It flowers from Sep- 

 tember to November. Native of Virginia, Carolina, and other 

 parts of North America. 



3. Liatris Glauca; Glaucous Liatris. Leaves ovate-oblong, 

 acuminate, serrate; flowers corymbed ; calices roundish ; root 

 perennial ; stems six or seven feet high, purple and chan- 

 nelled ; florets dark purple, inclining to violet. Native of 

 Maryland, Virginia, and Carolina. 



4. Liatris Squarrosa ; Rough headed Liatris. Leaves 

 linear; calices squarrose, subsessile, acuminate, lateral; root 

 tuberous; steins simple, from two to three feet in height; 

 peduncles an inch long, alternate from the upper axils ; 

 heads of flowers squarrose, with leafy scales standing out and 

 bent back. It flowers in July and August. Native of Caro- 

 lina, and most of the provinces of North America. 



5. Liatris Scariosa ; Pugged'cvpped Liatris. Leaves lan- 

 ceolate, quite entire; calices squarrose, peduncled, blunt; 

 root large, tuberous ; stem one, strong, channelled, three or 

 four feet high ; flowers purple, in a lung loose spike, at the 

 upper part of the stem, on pretty long blunt peduncles; they 

 have large rough calices, composed of wedge-shaped scales ; 

 the flowers at the top of the spike open first. It flowers in 

 August, but the seeds do not ripen here. Native of Virginia. 



G. Lialris Pilosa ; Hairy-leaved Liatris. Leaves linear, 

 hairy; flowers axillary, on long peduncles; stem hairy, from 

 three to five feet in height ; flowers purple, sessile, subim- 

 bricate, in spikes; calices many-flowered, with the scales 

 pressed close ; stems simple. It flowers in September and 

 October. Native of North America. 



7. Liatris Speciosa ; 11/iiry-cvpped Liatris. Leaves linear- 

 sickled ; flowers sessile, in spikes; calicine leaflets rough- 

 haired, acute ; inner elongated, coloured at the tip ; stem up- 

 right, two feet high, tomentose; calices five-flowered, red at the 

 tip. It flowers in October. Native of Carolina and Georgia. 

 *. Lialris Spicata ; Spiked Liatris. Leaves linear, ciliate 

 at I he base; flower:* in spikes, sessile, lateral ; stem simple; 

 root tuberous; stem smooth, three fert high ; flowers purple, 

 Mihimbricaic, on short peduncles. It flowers from August 

 to October. -Nati ih America, where it is called 



Throat wort, the roi< iiscutient. 



!>. Liatris ileterophylia. Stalk simple, glabrous; leaves 

 lanceolate, glabrous. M; )lh ; upper leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 very much smaller ihan Hie lower ones; calix spicate, slightly 

 pedunculate, Mihrxjita' : -> squames lanceolate, acute, naked. 

 It gr<ms in South Carolina and Georgia. 



10 l.ialris Cylindracea. Leaves grassy ; squames rounded 

 at the top, abruptly miicroualed ; calix subsessile, cylindrical, 

 with few flowers, which appear from August to October, and 

 is a native of South Carolina and the Illinois. 



] I. Lialris Gracilis. Stalk simple, glabrous ; leaves linear, 

 naked ; calix racemose, subglobose ; pedicels elongate, patent, 

 squaniose-uractcolaU- ; squames oblong. It flowers from 

 August to October. Native of Georgia. 



12. Liatris Sphaeroidea. Stalk simple, pubescent; leaves 

 smooth ; upper leavei lanceolate-linear; lower ones petiolate, 

 lato-lanceolute ; calices racemose, solitary, alternate, subglo- 



