LI L 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



L I L 



the soil be light and dry; but where it is moist, raise the 

 borders five or six inches; lor if Hie water come near the 

 roots in winter, it will rot them ; uii.-i \viiere tht> soil is stiff 

 and binding, mix a good quantity of sea-coal ashes or rough 

 sand vilh it. 



6. Liliiiin Chalcedonieum; Scarlet Martagon Lily. Leaves 

 scattered-, lanceolate ; flowers tinned bark ; corollas rolled 

 back. It is from three to four feet high ; the leaves are much 

 broader than those of the preceding, and appear as if they 

 were edged with white ; they are placed very closely upon the 

 stalks. The flowers are of a bright scarlet, and seldom more 

 than five or six in number. It flowers late in July, and in 

 cool seasons continues in beauty great part of August. There 

 are some varieties of this species in the size and colour of the 

 flowers, which are sometimes of a blood red. Native of I lie 

 Levant, and the mountains between Carniola and Cariuthia. 

 See the preceding species. 



7. Lilium Stiperbum; Great Yellow Mnrtagon Lily. Leaves 

 scattered; flowers in a branched pyiamid, turned back; 

 corollas rolled back; stem round, very smooth and even, 

 panicled at top, two feet high and more; branches alternate, 

 divaricatin;;, upright, like the stem, reflex at lop, flower- 

 bearing ; one flower at the end of each branch ; corollas large 

 and handsome; petals oblong, acute, white, with large pur- 

 ple .spots and smaller black ones from the middle to the base. 

 See the fifth and eighth species. 



8. Lilium Martagon : Purple JMnrlagon Lily. Leave* in 

 whorls; flowers turned back; corollas rolled back. This 

 rises with a strong stalk from three to four feet high ; flowers 

 dark purple with some spots of black; they are produced in 

 loose spikes, appear iu June, and have a disagreeable odour 

 when near, but not so offensive as the preceding; stem straight, 

 round, shining, from a foot and half to four feet in height. 

 Native of the south of Europe, and of Siberia. There is a 

 variety which flowers early in June, known in old gardens by 

 the name <>f Turk's Caps. In Holland they raise a great 

 variety of Martagons: those most commonly found in the 

 English gardens are, 1. The Common Msiriaj;"" with double 

 flowers; 2. The White; 3. The Double White ; 4. The White 

 Spotted: 5. The Imperial ; 6. The Enih Scarlet; 7. The 

 Constantinople Vermilion Martauon The way of oittaiiiinr 

 these and other varieties is, by sowing the seeds of the IMS 

 flowers in square boxes, six inches deep, with holes bored in 

 their bottoms, and filled with light sand;, earth : the bci<im>ig 

 of October, soon after the seeds are ripe, is the proper seasoii. 

 Sow them pretty thick, covering them about half an inch with 

 light sifted earth; place the boxes where they may have the 

 morning sun only, and refresh them with water often, if the 

 season prove dry. In November remove them to where they 

 may have as much sun as possible, and be screened from wind" 

 About the beginning of April restore them to their former 

 position : for now the young plants, which are impatient of 

 heat, will appear; and the soil will dry too fast, if exposed 

 to the full sun at noon. Keep them entirely free from weeds, 

 aud refresh them gently and cautiously with water in dry 

 seasons. Let the boxes remain till the beginning of August; 

 then prepare some beds of fresh light earth, level them, and 

 take the earth out of the boxes with the small bulbs, and strew 

 it equally over the beds, covering it half an inch thick with 

 fine sided earth. If the seasoii prove hot and dry, shade (he 

 beds in the middle of the day, and refresh them with water. 

 If the following winter season be severe, cover the beds with 

 pease-haulm, or other light covering, to keep out the frost ; 

 but this would injure the bulbs in mild weather. At the end 

 of February, or the beginning of March, when the hard frosts 

 are over, gently clear off the earth upon the surface of the 



twds, and .-ift a little fresh earth over them : but in doing this, 

 do not disturb or injure the bulbs. Keep them clear from 

 weeds; wntei them gently in dry weather, and in very hot . 

 days shade them from the sun. When their leaves are quite 

 decayed, stir the surface of the beds again ; and in September 

 sift ;nore fre-di earth over the beds. During winter and spring 

 manage them as before directed. In September following, 

 transplant the birlb* to a greater distance, on beds prepared 

 as above ; place them about eight inches asunder, with the 

 bads' Uppermost, and font inches deep: this should be done 

 in moist weather. T!ie second year after being planted in 

 these beds, the strongest bulbs will be^-in to flower; then 

 place a stick wherever you observe any peculiar varieties; 

 and when the leaves arc decayed, remove these bulbs into 

 other beds ai a "'"eater distance, or into the borders of f'he 

 flower uarden : Iml nevt r reject any till they have flowered 

 two years: fi ' ei|iientlv some will make a mean appearance 

 the fir.sl yeai, : n t afterwards become fair handsome flowers, 

 when they h;i\e obtained strength. When such have been 

 selected as are worth preserving, the rest may be planted in 

 shady* outer :ilk- <>r :!i HIP borders of plantations. See the 

 three pieced and ihe first species. 



9. Lilium Canadense ; Canada Martu gon Lily. Leaves in 

 whorls: fl'Avers turned back ; corollas resolute, bell-shaped; 

 bulbs oblong and large ; stems from four to five feet high ; 

 flowers Kiige, yellow, spotted with black; they come out in 

 fie beginning of August, and, when the roots are large, in 

 great numbers, making a fine appearance. There is a variety 

 of it with larger and deeper-coloured flowers. -Native of 

 Canada; observed also in Pennsylvania and Japan. Seethe 

 four preceding species, and also the first species. 



10. Lilium Kamsclialceu.se ; Kamtsckatka Lily. Leaves 

 in whoils; flower erect ; corolla bell-shaped; petals sessile; 

 bulb roundish, small; stem quite simple, round, even, a foot 

 high ; flowers terminating, few, an inch and half in diameter, 

 on very short, naked, almost upright peduncles. Native of 

 Kamtschatka, and also of China and Cochin-china. 



11. Lilium Philadelphicum; Philadelphian Martagon Lily. 

 Leaves in whorls; flowers erect ; corolla bell-shaped ; petals 

 with claws; root smaller than in other sorts, scaly and white; 

 stem single, upright, nearly a foot and half high, terminated 

 by two flowers, which stand erect upon short separate pedun- 

 cles: they are shaped like those of the Bulb-bearing Fiery 

 Lily; bn! the petals are narrower at their base; towards 

 which they are marked with several dark purple spots, their 

 general colour being a bright purple. It flowers in July, and 

 'be seeds ripen at the end of September. Native of North 

 America : observed also in Japan. This species growing in a 

 small compass, and the flowers having no ill smell, is proper 

 for the borders of small gardens. The stalks decay soon after 

 the seeds are ripe: then is the proper time to remove the 

 roots, which do not put out new fibres till after Christmas. 

 The bulbs do not put out many oft'scts. 



12. Lilium Umbellatmn. Leaves linear, short; top-leaves 

 verticillated, shorter than the peduncles; flowers from three 

 to five, umbellatcd, erect ; petals recurvo-patent, subequal, 

 ovate-oblong, snbunjiuiculate; the flowers are of an uniform 

 deep seal let colour, and are highly ornamental. It was found 

 upon the banks of the Missouri by Messrs. Lewis and Nuttall. 

 Pursh conjectures it to be the same with the one figured in the 

 Parndisux Lflndinertsis, under the name of Lilium Concolor. 



Lily, Day. Sec HcmerocalKs. 

 Lily, Guernsey. See Amaryllis. 

 Lily, May. See Convallaria Maialis. 

 Lily, Persian. See Fritillaria. 

 Lily, Superb. See Gloriosa. 



