LI P 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



LI P 



ceolate ; flowers terminating, pedunclrd : stem siiffruticose, 

 stiff, a foot high, round, with simple branches; flowers in a 

 terminating umbel; petals yellow, with villose claws, anil 

 turning lawny. It flowers in June and July. Native of 

 Africa. 



21. Linum Nodiflorum ; Knotted Flax. Fioriferous leaves 

 opposite, lanceolate ; flowers alternate, sessile ; calices the 

 length of the leaves; stem angular, even, bifid, or Iritid ; 

 root perennial; corolla yellow. Native of Italy. 



22. Linum Catharticum ; Purging Flux. Leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate ; stem dichotomous ; corollas acute ; root annual, 

 very small ; flowers terminating, solitary, pendulous before 

 they open, then erect; petals white. It sometimes varies 

 with four stamina and four styles. This small delicate spe- 

 cies of flax, called also in some places Mill Mountain, is very 

 common throughout England in dry hilly pastures, and flowers 

 from the end of May to August. Gerardc celebrates this 

 little plant as a purge. His receipt is a handful of the herb 

 infused in a pint of warm white wine all night, and taken in 

 the morning. Lewis prescribes an infusion in water or whey 

 of a handful of the fresh leaves, or a drachm in substance of 

 them dried. Dr. Withering recommends an infusion of two 

 drachms or more of the dried herb, as an excellent purge in 

 many obstinate rheumatisms ; and adds, that it frequently acts 

 as a diuretic. Native of most parts of Europe. 



23. Linum Radiola; Least Flax, or All-seed. Stem dicho- 

 tomous; flowers four-stamiued, four-styled; root annual; 

 leaves sessile, ovate, acuminate ; flowers upright, solitary, 

 small, white. With us it is called All-seed and Least Rup- 

 ture Wort, and is found on moist sandy heaths; flowering in 

 July and August. Native of many parts of Europe. 



24. Linum Quadrifolia; Four-leaved Flax. Leaves in 

 fours. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



25. Linum Verticillatnm ; Whorl-ltaved Flax. Leaves in 

 whorls. Annual ; stems round, branched, not more than a 

 foot high; flowers violet or bluegray. Native of Italy, near 

 Rome. 



20. Linum Lewisii. Leaves of trie calix ovate-acuminate ; 

 petals cuneate, rounded at the top; leaves lanceolate-linear, 

 nmcronate; stems lofty, numerous. Found by Lewis in the 

 valleys of the Rocky Mountains, and on the banks of the 

 Missouri. The flowers are large and blue ; it is a very 

 good perennial; and Pursh thinks it would be useful if 

 cultivated. 



27. Linum Rigidnm. Leaves of the calix ovate, acuminate, 

 three-nerved, c'liate ; pt-tals oblong, very narrow; leaves 

 stiffly erect, linear, short ; flowers sulphur yellow coloured. 

 This plant was discovered on the banks of the Missouri by 

 Mr. Thomas Nutlall, to whose unwearied diligence the de- 

 lightful science of Botany is already greatly indebted. 



Lion's Foot. See Catananche. 



Lion's Leaf. See Ltontice. 



Lion's Tail. See Phlomis Leonurus. 



Liparia ; a genus of the class Diadelphia, order Decandria. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one-leafed, very 

 .obtuse at the base, half five-cleft, acute ; the lowest division 

 very long, elliptic, petal-like. Corolla : papilionaceous, 

 without processes of the keel or wing; standard oblong, con- 

 duplicated, straight, the sides reflex ; wings oblong, straight, 

 narrower at the base, two-lobed at the lower margin. Keel: 

 lanceolate, subascending, two-parted at the base. Stamina: 

 filamenta diadelphous, simple and nine-parted, filiform, three 

 shorter than the rest ; atithcne ovate. Pistil: germen sessile, 

 very short; style filiform, middling; stigma simple. Peri- 

 carp: legume ovate. Seeds: few. ESSENTIAL CHAHAC- 

 TEU. C.ulix : fivs-clefr, with the lowest segment elongated. 



Corolla.- wings two-lobed below. Stamina: the larger, with 

 three shorter teeth. Legume: ovate. For their propagation 

 and culture, see Borbonia. The species are, 



1. Liparia Sphverica ; Globe-flowered Liparia. Flowers 

 in heads ; leaves lanceolate, nerved, smooth ; stem four feet 

 high, stout, smooth and even ; corolla tawny. The manner 

 in which the wings wrap round each other before the flower, 

 which is remarkably handsome, opens, is very singular ; head 

 terminating. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



2. Liparia Graminifolia ; Grass-leaved Liparia. Flowers 

 in heads ; leaves linear, alternate, acute, sessile ; calices vil- 

 lose ; stem shrubby, determinately branched, smooth and 

 even, angular; head made up of a raceme ; corolla yellow. 

 Native of the Cape, of Good Hope. 



3. Liparia Umbellata; Umbelled Liparia. Flowers urn- 

 belled; leaves lanceolate, smooth. and even; corollas smooth; 

 calices and bractes hairy. It is the same with Borbonia 

 Leevigata, which see. 



4. Liparia Villosa; Woolly Liparia. Flowers in heads; 

 leaves ovate-acute, villose ; branches round ; corolla red. 

 Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



5. Liparia Sericea ; Silky Liparia. Flowers subspikcd, 

 axillary ; leaves oblong-ovate, acute, villose. Allied to the 

 preceding. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



Lippia; a genus of the class Didynatuia, order Angiosper- 

 mia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one-leafed, 

 compressed, four-toothed, bivalved when mature ; valves 

 mcmbranaceous, acuminate, keeled, upright, permanent. 

 Corolla: one-petalled, unequal; border four-cleft ; divisions 

 rounded, the inferior and superior one larger, the superior 

 erect. Stamina : fiiamenta four, shorter than the corolla, 

 two of them longer than the others ; autherre simple. Pistil: 

 germen ovate, compressed, flat; style filiform, of the situa- 

 tion and length of the stamina; stigma oblique. Pericarp: 

 none ; valves of the calix the seeds. Seeds : solitary, oblong. 

 Observe. Several fructifications are collected into a little 

 head. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: four toothed, 

 roundish, upright, compressed, meuibranaceous. Capsule: 

 one-celled, two-valved, two-seeded, straight. Seed : two- 

 celled. The species are, 



1. Lippia Americana. Heads pyramidal; height sixteen 

 or eighteen feet, with a rough bark ; branches and leaves in 

 pairs; peduncles axillary, sustaining many pyramidal .scalv 

 heads, about the size of a large gray pea, in which are many 

 small yellow flowers between the scales Found at La Ver 

 Cruz. These shrubs, being natives of the continent and 

 islands of the West Indies, must be preserved in a bark-stove. 

 The seeds should be sown on a hot-bed, and the plants 

 treated as other shrubby plants from the same country ; by 

 keeping them always in the stove, plunged in the bark bed, 

 observing to give them a large share of air in warm weather, 

 and to refresh them frequently with water. In winter they 

 must he watered more sparingly, and be kept in a moderate 

 degree of warmth; otherwise they will not live through the 

 winter, especially when young: but when they have acquired 

 strength, they may be preserved with a less share of warmth. 

 As the plants advance in their growth, shift them into larger 

 pots; but this should not be too often repeated. Once evrry 

 spring will be sufficient, for these and many other exotic 

 plants do not thrive so well when frequently removed, as \\hen 

 they are permitted to fill the pots with their roots. Shift 

 them in April; at which time the tan of the hot-bed should 

 he stirred, and fresh tan mixed with it, to increase the heat. 

 The earth in which these plants are placed should be light 

 and fresh, but not too rich. 



2. Lippia Hemispiiaerica. Heads hemispherical. This it 



