LON 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



LON 



57 



the roots. In summer they should have plenty of free air, 

 iiiifl be frequently watered. The species are, 



1. Lonchitis Ilirsula. Fronds pinnalifid, blunt, quile 

 entire ; shoots branched, hirsute, four feet high. Native of 

 South America and Jamaica. 



2. Loncliilis Aurita. Fronds pinnate, the lowest pinnas 

 two-parted; shoots undivided, prickly. Native of South 

 America. 



:j. Lonchitis Kepens. Fronds pinnate ; pinnas alternate, 

 sinuate ; shoots branched, prickly. Native of South America. 



4. Lonchitis Pedata. Frond pedate; pinnas pinuatifid, 

 serrulate. Native of Jamaica, in the mountains of New 



LtgHMMti. 



:". Lonchitis Tenuifolia. Arborescent : fronds decom- 

 pounded ; leaves pinnate j pinnas linear-oblong, serrate, the 

 lower pinnatitid. Native of the Isle of Tanoa, in the South 

 Seas. 



London Pride. See Saxifraga. 



Lonicera ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Monogy- 

 uia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth five-parted, 

 superior, small. Corolla: one-petalled, tubular; tube oblong, 

 gibbous ; border five-parted ; divisions revolute, one of which 

 is more cleeplv separated. Stamina: filainenta awl-shaped, 

 nearly the length of the corolla; antherse oblong. Pistil: 

 germen roundish, inferior; style filiform, the length of the 

 corolla; stigma obtuse-headed. Pericarp: berry nmbilicated, 

 two-celled. Seeds: roundish, compressed. Observe. The 

 first species has the inferior division of the corolla separated 

 twice as deep; berries distinct: the sixth has the divisions 

 of the corolla cut almost equally deep; berries distinct: the 

 eighth Ims the lower division of the corolla twice as deeply 

 cut; two berries sealed on the same base: the tenth has the 

 divisions of the corolla almost ec|ully cut ; two berries on 

 the same base: the twelfth and fourteenth are singular, in 

 having one germen for two floscules, like Mitrhflla: the 

 sixteenth has the corolla nearly bell-shaped ; fruit two-celled, 

 half four-celled ; seeds solitary. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Corolla: one-petalled, irregular. Bfrry: many-seeded, two- 

 celled, interior: according to Gartner, in the tenth, one- 

 celled, and in the twelfth, three-celled. The species are, 



* Pe.ricli/mena, with a twining Stem. 



1. Lonicera Caprit'olmni ; Italian /lonei/suckle. Flowers 

 ringent, in terminating whorls ; leaves deciduous, the upper 

 ones connate-pcrfoliate. This is a very smooth shrub, in its 

 natural state twining round trees, with its long, round, oppo- 

 site branches ; flowers about six in a whorl, slender and deli- 

 cate, white, reddish-white, red, or yellow, extremely fragrant. 

 There are three varieties. Native of the south of Europe. 

 The Germans call it Gtisblatt ; the Dutch, HuMaMeke 

 Kemperjolie ; the Danes, Italiceruk Gedtblad ; the Swedes, 

 italirnst (irtblud; the French, Cherrefeuille des Jardiris, 

 or 1)' finite; the Italians, Atadreselro, ( 'aprijoglio : the Spa- 

 niards, Madreselra ; the Portuguese, Matrisyira. A strong 

 decoction of Honeysuckle-leaves is no despicable remedy in 

 complaints arising from obstructions of the liver. It opeiates 

 by urine, and is a good ingredient in gargles for sore throats. 

 The distilled water of the flowers is much esteemed by many 

 as an excellent cosmetic. All the sorts of Honeysuckle are 

 propagated either by layers or cuttings: when by layers, the 

 young plants only should be chosen. They should he laved 

 in the autumn, and by the following autumn will have taken 

 root ; when they should be cut oft' from the plants, and either 

 planted where they are to remain, or into a nursery, to be 

 trained up for standards, which must be done by fixing 

 down stakes to the stem of each plant, to which their prin- 

 cipal stalk should be fastened, and all the others cut off; the 



principal stall, must be trained to the intended height of the 

 stem, and should then be shortened, to force out lateral 

 branches, which should be stopped, to prevent their growing 

 too long; by constantly repeating this, as the shoots are pro- 

 duced, they may be formed into a sort of standard : but if 

 any regard he had to their flowering, they cannot be formed 

 into regular heads ; for by constantly shortening their branches, 

 the flower-bjids will be cut oft* so that few flowers can be 

 expected: and as it is an unnatural form for these trees, but 

 few of them should be so sacrificed ; for w hen they are planted 

 lit ar other bushes, among the branches of which tlie shoots 

 of the honeysuckles may run and mix, they will flower much 

 better, and have a finer appearance lhan where more regularly 

 trained. When the plants are in the nursery, if two or three 

 of the principal shoots are trained up to the stakes, and the 

 others are entirely cut oft", they will he (it to transplant in the 

 following autumn to the places where they are to remain; for 

 though the roots may be transplanted of a greater age, yet 

 they do not thrive so well as when they are removed while 

 they are young. When these plants are propagated by cuttings, 

 they should be planted in September, as soon as the ground 

 is moistened by rain. Three of the four joints of the cuttings 

 should be buried in the ground ; from the fourth, remaining 

 above the surface, the shoots will be produced. They may 

 be planted in rows, at about a foot distance row from row, 

 and four inches asunder in the rows, treading the earth close 

 to them ; and as the Evergreen and late Red Honeysuckles arc 

 a little more tender than the other sorts, if the ground between 

 the rows where these are planted i? covered with tanner's 

 bark, or other mulch, to keep out the frost in winter, and 

 the drying winds of the spring, it will be of great advantage 

 to the cuttings: and if the cuttings have a small piece of the 

 two years' wood at their bottom, there will be no haxnrd of 

 their taking root. The plants w hich are raised from cuttings 

 are preferable to those which are propagated by layers, as 

 they have generally better roots. They may also be propa- 

 gated by seeds ; but unless they are sown in the autumn, soon 

 after they are ripe, the plants will not come up the first year. 

 They will grow in any soil or situation. Few shrubs deserve 

 to be cultivated before those of this genus; for their flowers 

 are very beautiful, and perfume the air to a great distance 

 with their odour, especially in the mornings and evenings, 

 and in cloudy weather, when the sini does not evaporate their 

 odour, and raise it too high to be perceptible: so that in ail 

 retired walks there cannot be too many of them intermixed 

 with other shrubs. 



2. Lonicera Dioica ; Glaucous floney stickle. Whorls sub- 

 capitatr, braeted ; leaves deciduous, glaucous beneath, the 

 upp-T ones connate-perfoliate : corollas ringent, gibbous at 

 the base. Native of North America. 



3. Lonicera Sempcrvireiis; Trnmprt Honeysuckle. Spikes 

 naked, terminating; the upper leaves connate-perfoliate; 

 corollas almost regular; tube bellying at top. There are 

 two varieties, if not distinct species, of this ; one much hardier 

 lhan the other. It has been long known in our gardens by 

 l he name of Virginia Trumpet Honeysuckle. The flowers 

 have no odour; but for the beauty of their flowers, and their 

 long continuance together, with their leaves being evergreen, 

 they are preserved in most curious gardens. This is usually 

 planted against walls and pales, to which their branches are 

 trained ; for they are too weak and rambling to be reduced to 

 heads, and are liable to he killed in severe winter. Hence it 

 ought to have a warm aspect, where it will begin to flower at 

 the end of June, and there will be a succession of flowers till 

 autumn. It may be trained like the other honeysuckles, and 

 will flower among otlier shrubs hi the south border of a pkm- 



