L U P 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



L Y C 



63 



half high, sending out two or three small side branches, with 

 digitale leaves, of from five to ten spear-shaped leaflets : 

 the flowers grow in loose terminal spikes, of a pale blue 

 colour, on short peduncles. Native of Virginia, and other 

 parts of North America. This is propagated by seeds sown 

 where the plants are to remain. If in a dry soil, the root will 

 continue several years, and produce many spikes of flowers ; 

 and though the usual season of flowering is in June and July, 

 yet when rain falls in August, fresh stalks arise from the roots, 

 which flower at the end of September, or the beginning of 

 October. 



2. Lupinus Albus ; White Lupine. Calices alternate, 

 without appendicles ; upper lip entire, lower three-toothed. 

 Stalk upright, about two feet high, dividing towards the top 

 into several smaller hairy branches ; leaves digitate, composed 

 of seven or eight narrow oblong leaflets, joining at the base, 

 hairy, of a dark grev colour, and have a silvery down. The 

 flowers are produced* in loose spikes at the end of the branches; 

 they are white and sessile, appearing in July, and ripening 

 seeds in autumn. The leaves have the sides contracted at night, 

 and hang down, being sent back to the petiole. It grows 

 naturally in the Levant, and is cultivated in some parts of 

 Italy, as other pulse, for food : likewise in the south of France, 

 in poor dry extensive plains, as a meliorating crop, to be 

 ploughed in where no manure is to be had, and the ground 

 is too barren for clover or other better plants. A decoction 

 of the seeds of this plant increases the urinary secretions, 

 removes obstructions of the menses, and is frequently found 

 serviceable in the jaundice, and the beginning of dropsical 

 complaints. It is likewise an excellent lotion for children's 

 sore heads, speedily cleansing and disposing them to heal. 

 Sweetened with honey, it destroys worms in the intestines. 



3. Lupinus Varius ; Small Blue Lupine. Calices half- 

 whorled, appendicled ; upper lip bifid, lower slightly three- 

 toothed. Annual : stalk firm, straight, channelled, nearly 

 three feet high, divided towards the jop into several branches ; 

 corolla light blue. It flowers in July. Native of the south of 

 France, Spain, Italy, and Sicily. 



4. Lupinus Hirsutus ; Great Blue Lupine. Calicles alter- 

 nate, appendicled ; upper lip two-parted, lower three-toothed. 

 Annual : stalk strong, firm, channelled, from three to four feet 

 high, covered with a soft brownish down, dividing upward into 

 several long branches, garnished with digitate leaves, com- 

 posed of nine, ten, or eleven wedge-shaped hairy leaflets. 

 The flowers are placed in whorls round the stalks above 

 each other, forming a loose spike, which proceeds from 

 the ends of the branches ; they are large, and of a beau- 

 tiful blue colour, but have no scent. This and the next 

 species are generally lute in ripening the seeds, so that 

 unless the autumn prove warm and dry, they do not ripen ; 

 therefore the best way to have good seeds is to sow them in 

 September, close to a warm wall, on dry ground, where they 

 will live through our ordinary winters ; and these plants will 

 flower early in the following summer, so that there will be time 

 for the seeds to ripen before the rains fall in the autumn, 

 which frequently rots those seeds which are not ripe. If a 

 few of the seeds of both be sown in small pots the beginning 

 of September, and, when the frosts begin, the pots be removed 

 into a common hot-bed frame, where they may be protected 

 from hard frost, but enjoy the free air in mild weather, the 

 plants may be thus secured in winter ; and in the spring they 

 may be shaken out of the pots, preserving the earth to their 

 roots, and planted in a warm border, where they will (lower 

 early, and produce very good seeds. 



.5. Lupinus Pilosus ; Rose Lupine. Calices in whorls, 

 appendicled ; upper lip two-parted, lower entire. Corollas 



VOL. II. 71. 



of a pale flesh-colour. It flowers in July and August. 

 Native of the south of Europe. 



6. Lupinus Angustifolius ; Narrow-leaved Blue Lupine. 

 Calices alternate, appendicled ; upper lip two-parted, lower 

 entire. Flowers blue ; seeds ovate, globular. Native of 

 Spain and Sicily. 



7. Lupinus Luteus ; Yellow Lupine. Calices in whorls, 

 appendicled ; upper lip two-parted, lower three-toothed. 

 Stem a foot high, branching; leaves digitate, composed of 

 seven, eight, or nine narrow hairy leaflets, nearly two inches 

 long ; flowers yellow, odorous, in loose spikes at the end of 

 the branches. This is very much esteemed for its sweetness, 

 though the flowers are of short duration, especially in warm 

 weather ; therefore the seeds should be sown at several times, 

 that there may be a succession of flowers through the season, 

 for they will continue flowering till they are stopped by hard 

 frost ; and those which come to flower, will continue in beauty 

 a longer time than the early ones, 



8. Lupinus Cochin-chinensis ; Single-leaved Lupine. Ca- 

 lices appendicled, in spikes ; upper lip bifid, lower three- 

 toothed ; leaves simple, oval. Stem herbaceous, annual ; 

 flowers yellow. Native of Cochin-china, and BengaJ. 



9. Lupinus Africanus. Calices appendicled, five-cleft ; 

 peduncles many-flowered, terminating ; leaves ternate, lan- 

 ceolate ; stem shrubby, diffused ; flowers yellow. Native of 

 the eastern coast of Africa. 



10. Lupinus Trifoliatus. Calices five-toothed ; legumes 

 in spikes, upright ; leaves ternate, ovate ; stem herbaceous ; 

 flowers blue. Native of Mexico. 



11. Lupinus TSootkatensis. Stalk and stalk-leaves rough ; 

 leaves digitate ; folioles seven or eight, lanceolate, obtuse ; 

 calix vcriicillate; upper lip emarginate, lower one entire. 

 Found on the north-west coast of America. 



12. Lupinus Sericea. Stalk and leaves sericeo-tomentose ; 

 leaves digitate ; folioles seven or eight, lanceolate, acute ; 

 calix subverticillate, inappendiculate ; upper lip cut, lower 

 one entire ; flowers pale purple, or rose-coloured. Found on 

 the banks of the Kooskoosy, in North America. 



13. Lupinus Argenteus. Leaves digitate; folioles from 

 five to seven, linear-lanceolate, acute ; calix alternate, in- 

 appendiculate ; upper leaf obtuse, lower one entire; flowers 

 small, cream-coloured. -Grows on the banks of the Koos- 

 koosy, iu North America. 



14. Lupinus Pusillus. Plant perennial, very villose; leaves 

 simple, oblong ; spikes elongated ; calices alternate, inappen- 

 diciihite ; upper lip bifid, lower one entire, elongated. The 

 flowers are very variable in colour ; white, rose-red, and pur- 

 ple. A beautiful plant, but very difficult of cultivation. It 

 grows in the dry sand-fields of Carolina and Florida. 



Lychnis ; a genus of the class Decandria, order Pentagynisi. 

 (h.N'Kiuc CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one-leafed, 

 oblong, membranaceous, five-toothed, permanent. Corolla : 

 petals five ; claws the length of the calix, flat, margined ; bor- 

 der often cloven, flat. Stamina: (ilamenta ten, longer than 

 the calix, alternately shorter, each of these fixed to a claw 

 of each petal ; antheree incumbent. Pistil: germen subovate ; 

 styles five, awl-shaped, longerthan the stamina; stigmas reflex 

 against the sun, pubescent. Pericarp : capsule approaching 

 to an ovate form, covered, one, three, or five celled, fivc- 

 valved. Seeds: very many, roundish. ESSF.NTIAL CHA- 

 RACTKK. Calix: one-leafed, oblong, even. Petals: five, 

 with claws, and a subbifid border. Capsule : five-celled ; 

 Gtcrtner says, in most one-celled. The species are, 



1. Lychnis Chalcedonica ; Scarlet Lychnis. Flowers fas- 

 cicled, fasligiate. Root perennial; stems three feet high, 

 upright, stiff, round, jointed, hairy, at every joint two large 

 R 



