192 



O NO 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



NO 



observes, that the root is a powerful diuretic, and that the 

 principal virtue of the plant lies in the bark of the root, a 

 strong decoction of which, sweetened to the palate, and 

 drank in large quantities, is excellent against the gravel and 

 all nephritic complaints, softening the parts, and increasing 

 the urinary discharge. It is likewise very effectual in remov- 

 ing obstructions of the liver and other viscera, and has been 

 found serviceable in the dropsy. It is a very proper plant 

 to be sown on sea and fen banks, as its roots bind the earth 

 very strongly, and creep in all directions. Cows and goats 

 eat it; sheep are fond of it; but horses and hogs reject it. 

 The names this plant has obtained are, Cammock, Petty Whin, 

 Grand Furze, and Rustburn. This and the next species are 

 both very troublesome weeds in pastures and corn-fields; as 

 the roots spread and multiply so widely in the ground, and 

 are so tough and strong, that the ploughshare will hardly 

 divide them. 



3. Ononis Arvensis; Hairy Rest-harrow. Flowers axil- 

 lary, in pairs: leaves ternate; upper ones solitary; branches 

 unarmed, subvillose. Linneus and others suppose this to 

 be a mere variety of the Thorny Rest-harrow; but Mr. 

 Miller declares that he has cultivated both by seeds, and 

 always found them to retain their difference; which consists 

 in the hairiness of the stalks of this species, which are also 

 more diffused, less upright, without spines, while the leaves 

 are broadre, and sit closer on the branches. It grows in 

 pastures, and on the borders of corn-fields, chiefly in light 

 lands. A variety has been found on our sea-coasts, near 

 Deal in Kent, and Yarmouth in Norfolk; also by Charlton 

 Church, Woolwich, and Gravesend. 



4. Ononis Repens; Creeping Rest-harrow. Stems dif- 

 fused ; branches erect ; upper leaves solitary ; branches 

 unarmed, subvillose. This is very nearly allied to the pre- 

 ceding species, but differs in having the stems procumbent, 

 diffused every way, and in being smaller. Native of the 

 Levant. 



5. Ononis Hircina ; Stinking Rest-harrotv. Flowers 

 subspiked, in pairs ; lower leaves ternate, upper solitary, 

 somewhat villose; branches hairy, villose. This species has 

 a strong disagreeable smell, resembling that of goats, and 

 never has any thorns. It seems to be stronger than our 

 Common Rest-harrow, and is recommended by some foreign 

 physicians as a powerful diuretic, and serviceable for cleans- 

 ing the urinary passages, and in an incipient dropsy. The 

 bark of the root is the most efficacious part of the plant. 

 Native of Sweden, Germany, Italy, and Hungary. 



6. Ononis Serrata; Serrate-leaved Rest-harrow. Flow- 

 ers subsessile, solitary; lower leaves ternate, serrate, toothed, 

 wedge-form, with three teeth usually at the tip ; stem herba- 

 ceous, round, decumbent, subdichotomous ; branches slen- 

 der. It flowers in June and July. Native of the south of 

 Europe. 



7. Ononis Minutissima ; Small-flowered Rest-harrow. 

 Flowers subsessile, lateral ; leaves ternate, smooth ; stipules 

 ensiform; calices scariose, longer than the corolla; flowers 

 sessile, solitary, small, yellow. This is an annual plant, about 

 nine inches high, standing out on two sides; branches towards 

 the bottom. Native of the south of Europe, flowering in 

 June and July. This a hardy annual plant, propagated by 

 seeds, sown in the place where they are to remain, and 

 requiring no other care but to thin them where they are too 

 close, and to keep them clean from weeds. 



8. Ononis Mitissima; Cluster-flowered Annual Rest-har- 

 row. Flowers sessile, in spikes; bractes stipular, ovate, 

 ventricose, scariose, imbricated; stem upright, a foot and 

 half high, sending out small side-branches. It rises easily 



from seeds in the open air, and may be managed as the pre" 

 ceding, together with the other annual hardy sorts. Native 

 of Spain and Portugal. 



9. Ononis Alopecuroides ; Fox-tail Rest-harrow. Spike* 

 leafy; leaves simple, blunt; stipules dilated. This is an 

 annual plant, rising with an upright branching stalk a foot 

 high. Native of Spain and Portugal. 



10. Ononis Variegata ; Variegated Rest-harrow. Sti- 

 pules cordate, very wide, plaited, toothed, emarginate, wider 

 than the leaves; flowers axillary, solitary, subpeduncled; 

 calices shorter than the corolla. Annual. Native of the 

 sea-coast of the south of Europe; abounding in the island 

 of Sicily. 



'* Flowers pedunded, Peduncles awnless. 



11. Ononis. Alba; White Rest-harrow. Peduncles awn- 

 less, very short; leaves simple; stipules dilated, serrate at 

 top; stem a foot high, diffused, round, a little flexuose at 

 bottom, hairy, subviscid branches. This is a mean between 

 the ninth and twelfth species. From the former it differs in 

 its serrate stipules: the floral leaves of the same structure 

 with the stem-leaves, only smaller, not linear, and narrower 

 towards the base. The whole plant is covered with, a light 

 down, except the leaves, and it is a little viscid. Native of 

 Barbary. 



12. Ononis Pubescens; Downy Rest-harrow. Pedun- 

 cles awnless, very short; upper leaves simple; stipules ovate, 

 lanceolate, quite entire; stem a foot high, branched, dif- 

 fused, round; flowers many together, purple. The whole 

 plant pubescent, viscid. It flowers in August, and is a native 

 of the south of Europe. 



13. Ononis Cernua ; Hanging-podded Rest-harrow. 

 Racemes strict ; leaves wedge-form ; legumes drooping, 

 linear, recurved; branches round, purple, with whitish hairs 

 scattered over them; flowers frequently single, from the side 

 of the branches, large, of a bright yellow colour. Native of 

 the Cape. 



14. Ononis Geminata ; Two-flowered Rest-harrow. Leaves 

 ternate, obovate ; peduncles lateral, two-flowered. Native 

 of the Cape. 



15. Ononis Umbellata; Umbelled Rest-harrow. Pedun- 

 cles awnless, umbelled; leaves ternate, emarginate; stems 

 prostrate. Native of the Cape. 



16. Ononis Argentea; Silvery Rest-harrow. Twining: 

 peduncles awnless, umbelled ; leaves ternate ; leaflets sessile, 

 silvery, tomentose. Native of the Cape. 



17. Ononis Involucrata; Involucred Rest-harroiu. Hir- 

 sute, prostrate : peduncles awnless, involucred; involucre four- 

 leaved; leaves ternate, wedge-form. Native of the Cape. 



18. Ononis Filiformis ; Thready-stalked Rest-harrow. 

 Peduncles awnless, subtriflorous; leaves ternate, subsessile; 

 leaflets ovate, mucronate; root simple, descending; stems 

 numerous, branched, hardish, filiform, diffused, a span high. 

 Native of the Cape. 



19. Ononis Capensis; Cape Rest-harrow. Racemes on 

 long peduncles; leaves ternate, suborbiculate, herbaceous, 

 pubescent; corolla yellow and violet purple. It is an annual 

 plant. Native of the Cape. 



20. Ononis Prostrata; Prostrate Rest-harrow. Pedun- 

 cles awnless, one-flowered, very long; leaves ternate, acute; 

 stipules awl-shaped; stems prostrate. Native of the Cape. 



21. Ononis Reclinata; Spreading Rest-harrow. Pedun- 

 cles awnless, one-flowered; leaves ternate, roundish, crenate; 

 legumes drooping; corollas white, with the standard purple 

 underneath. Annual. Native of Spain and Italy. 



22. Ononis Cenisia; Narrow-leaved Trailing Rest-harrow. 

 Peduncles awnless, one-flowered; leaves tern-wedged; sti- 



