PAN 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



PAN 



237 



grain is seldom cultivated in any considerable quantity in 

 England, though the seeds ripen very well, and are well 

 adapted for feeding poultry. They must be sown in the 

 beginning of April upon a warm dry soil, but not too thick, 

 because these plants divide into several branches, and should 

 have much room ; and when they come up, they should be 

 cleared from weeds, after which they will in a short time 

 get the better of them, and prevent their future growth. In 

 August the seeds will ripen, when it must be cut down, and 

 beaten out, as is practised for other grain : but the birds will 

 devour it as soon as it begins to ripen, unless it be protected 

 from them by very effectual precautions. 



50. Panicum Antidotale ; Medicinal Panic Grass. Pani- 

 cle nodding; calices two-flowered, polygamous, acute. Culm 

 erect, very much branched ; root perennial, stoloniferous ; 

 leaves rough at the edge, and on the larger nerves, but less 

 so. It is cultivated in Malabar, where it never produced 

 seed, but is increased by offsets or runners. The natives 

 there use it, particularly in ulcers of the nose, and as a dis- 

 cutient in other cases, either simply bruised, or made into a 

 cataplasm, as Koeriig reports. 



51. Panicum Notatum; Black-spotted Panic Grass. Panicle 

 spreading ; axils marked ; leaves lanceolate, ciliate. This is 

 a tall grass, with a slender culm, and black dots. Native 

 of Sumatra. 



52. Panicum Muricatum ; Muricated Panic Grass. Pani- 

 cle spreading; flowers solitary, muricated. Culm rooting, 

 ascending, a foot and half high; leaves short, lanceolate, 

 with white scattered hairs. Native of the East Indies. 



53. Panicum Capillare ; Capillary Panic Grass. Panicle 

 capillary, erect, spreading; peduncles strict; calices acumi- 

 nate, even ; sheaths of the leaves very hirsute. This grass 

 resembles the Poa Capillaris, but it is entirely hirsute. 

 Annual, flowering from July to August. Native of Virginia 

 and Jamaica. 



54. Panicum Flexuosum ; Flexuose Panic Grass. Panicle 

 capillary, spreading; peduncles flexuose; calices ovate; beard 

 of the joints reflex. Culms decumbent, branched, slightly 

 hairy. Retzius mentions a variety that is wholly smooth, 

 found every where in the rice-fields. Native of the East 

 Indies. 



55. Panicum Grossarium. Branches of the panicle simple; 

 flowers in pairs, with one of the pedicels very short, the other 

 the length of the flower. Culm simple or branched, two feet 

 high and more. Native of Jamaica and Japan. 



56. Panicum Maximum; Large Panic Grass, or Guinea 

 Grass. Panicle compound, capillary, spreading ; branches 

 racemed ; knots of the joints and sheaths hirsute at the base. 

 Root creeping, perennial ; culms from five to ten feet high, 

 upright, simple, even; leaves lanceolate, towards the top 

 convolute and sharp, smooth, except at the edge which is 

 rugged, and at the base which is rough-haired. Native of 

 the West Indies ; said to have been originally brought from 

 the coast of Africa. It is much esteemed in Jamaica both for 

 sheep and cattle ; and flowers chiefly in October. This is 

 increased in the same manner as the twenty-first species, but 

 does not require near so much moisture, and is reckoned a 

 more hearty fodder. It is not so much cultivated as it ought 

 t.o be. The lands about the towns are too subject to drought, 

 to produce it in any perfection ; and in the other parts of the 

 country they are too indolent to be at" the trouble of planting 

 it; not considering how much time and labour is lost in 

 seeking for other fodder, which is not so good, and cannot 

 so easily be obtained ; nor do they consider the losses they 

 sustain in stock, for the want of abundance of wholesome 

 food. For further particulars, see Holcus Pertusus. 



57. Panicum Nemorosum ; Wood Panic Grass. Panicle 

 simple; branches distant, erect; florets remote, scattered, 

 ovate-acuminate. Culm decumbent, jointed ; sheaths and 

 neck hairy ; roots and radicles very long, filiform ; leaves 

 distich, obliquely elliptic at the base, unequal on the sides, 

 terminated by a lanceolate point, quite entire, somewhat 

 waved, very thin and very finely streaked, smooth under- 

 neaih, hairy above ; antherse purple. Native of Jamaica and 

 Hispaniola. 



58. Panicum Acuminatum ; Sharp-leaved Panic Grans. 

 Panicles simple, shorter than the leaves ; branches capillary, 

 diffused ; spikelets remote, obovate. Culm decumbent, 

 jointed, branched ; leaves lanceolate-subulate, erect; sheaths 

 villose. This grass is a span in height. Native of sandy 

 fields on the mountains of Jamaica. 



' 59. Panicum Rigens ; Stiff-panicled Panic Grass. Pani- 

 cle simple, rigid, spreading. Culm branched, decumbent ; 

 leaves horizontal, rugged. This grass is distinguished by its 

 rigidity. Native of the high mountains of Jamaica. 



60. Panicum Fuscum ; Brown Panic Grass. Panicle s>m- 

 pie ; branches erect ; florets directed one way, in pairs> on 

 a shorter pedicel. Culm erect, subdivided ; leaves broad- 

 lanceolate ; height from one to two feet ; sheaths long, with 

 a contracted ligule, appearing somewhat hirsute when mag- 

 nified ; pedicels now and then two-flowered. Native of the 

 boggy pastures of Jamaica. 



61. Panicum Laxum; Loose Panic Grass. Panicle simple, 

 nodding; branches capillary; spikelets approximating, alter- 

 nate, pressed close. Culms simple, filiform, flaccid; leaves 

 linear-lanceolate ; height from two to four feet. Native of 

 Jamaica, in dry woods ; flowering at the end of the year. 



62. Panicum Latifolium ; Broad-leaved Panic Grass. Pa- 

 nicle with racemes, lateral, simple ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 

 hairy at the neck. Native of North America. 



63. Panicum Flavescens ; Yellow Panic Grass. Panicle 

 simple, erect, stiff; branches subfastigiate, the lowest oppo- 

 site ; spikelets approximating, directed one way ; pedicels 

 two-flowered ; height three or four feet. Culm simple, erect, 

 round at top, compressed, and pubescent. This species is 

 singular in the colour, being constantly yellow, which is not 

 the case with the rest. Native of Jamaica. 



64. Panicum Diffusum ; Diffused Panic Grass. Panicle 

 somewhat simple, capillary, spreading ; spikelets distant. 

 Culm decumbent, simple ; leaves linear, hairy at the neck ; 

 sheaths striated, villose at the neck and throat; knots purple; 

 branches of the panicle alternate, Common in dry places 

 in the West Indies. 



65. Panicum Oryzoides ; Rice-like Panic Grass. Panicle 

 almost simple ; branches erect ; florets somewhat remote, 

 ovate-acute. Culm erect, undivided; leaves broad-lanceolate, 

 rounded at the base; sheaths even. This is distinguished 

 by the spikelets being much larger than in any of the other 

 species. Native of mountain woods in the southern part of 

 Jamaica. 



66. Panicum Clandestinum ; Hidden Panic Grass. Ra- 

 cemes hidden within the sheaths of the leaves ; culm dicho- 

 tomous, branched. Native of Pennsylvania. 



67. Panicum Arborescens ; Tree Panic Grass. Stem 

 arborescent ; panicle very much branched ; leaves ovate- 

 oblong-, acuminate. This grass contends for height with the 

 loftiest trees in the East Indies, though the culm is scarcely 

 wider than a goose-quill. It flowers in March and April. 

 Native of the East Indies. 



68. .Panicum Curvatum; Crook-chaffed Panic Grass. 

 Panicle racemed ; glumes curved, obtuse, nerved. Culms 

 filiform, even. Native of the East Indies. 



