238 



PAN 



THE UNVERSAL HERBAL; 



PAP 



69. Panicum Virgatum ; Lony-paniclcd Panic Grass. 

 Panicle rod-like ; glumes acuminate, even, outmost gaping. 

 This is a very tall grass, with a very large diffused panicle. 

 Native of Virginia, and other parts of North America. 



70. Panicum Patens; Spreading Panic Grass. Panicle 

 oblong, flexuose, capillary, spreading; calices two-flowered; 

 leaves linear-lanceolate. Native of the East Indies. This, 

 or one like it, is also found in Portugal. 



71. Panicum Trigonum ; Triangular-seeded Panic Grass. 

 Panicle erect; peduncles two-flowered; calices obtuse, his- 

 pid, one-flowered; seeds three-cornered. Culms a span high, 

 prostrate, leafy, rooting. Native of the East Indies. 



72. Panicum Pallens ; Pale Panic Grass. Panicle com- 

 pound, ovate ; branches clustered, erect ; spikelets ovate, 

 subulate. Culm subdivided, jointed ; leaves ovate, lanceo- 

 late ; sheaths ciliate on the neck and at the edge. Native 

 of Jamaica. 



73. Panicum Lanatum ; Woolly Panic Grass. Panicle 

 compound, erect, smooth; spikelets ovule. Culm branched; 

 leaves ovule-lanceolate, pubescent; sheaths lanuginose, hir- 

 sute. Native of Jamaica, 



74. Panicum Arundinaccuin ; Reedy Panic Grass. Pani- 

 cle compound, spreading; brunches and branrlilcU still', 

 capillary; spikelets roundish. Cidm subdivided, jointed; 

 leaves broad -lanceolate, acuminate, rigid. Nativuof .Kmuira, 

 in the high mountains near cold springs in St. Andrew's 

 Parish. 



75. Panicnm Glutinosum; Glutinous Panic Glass. Pani- 

 cle compound, spreading; branches flcxuose; spikdets peili- 

 celled, distant, glutinous. Culm erect, simple; leaves broader. 

 The great clamminess of the spikdels, whence its trivial 

 name, is peculiar to this species. Native uf Jamaica, ill the 

 southern parts, in the woods of the highest mountains. 



76. Panicum Radicans ; Rooting Panic Grass. Panicled: 

 culm branching, rooting; the base of the loaves and the 

 sheaths longitudinally ciliate. This grass is a foot high, slen- 

 der, smooth. Found by Wennerbcrg near Canton in China. 



77. Panicum Trichoides ; Hair-like Panic Grass. Pani- 

 cle very much branched, spreading; branches and branchlets 

 subdivided, capillary. Culm declined, jointed ; leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate, very smooth. Dr. Patrick Browne rails this the 

 Smaller Wood Grass, and says it is very common in the woods 

 of Jamaica, agreeing for the most part with the Guinea 

 Grass, both in the arrangement and formation of its flowers. 

 The stalks and leaves are excellent fodder for all sorts of 

 cattle, and the seeds serve to feed small birds. 



78. Panicum Divaricatum; Straddling Panic Grass. 

 Panicles short, awnless ; culm very much branched, and 

 extremely divaricating; pedicels two-flowered, one shorter. 

 Native of Jamaica. 



79. Panicum Hirsutum ; Shaggy Panic Grass. Panicle 

 compound, capillary, spreading. Culms and sheaths bristly, 

 hirsute; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, nerved, strict; valves 

 of the calix ovate, acuminate, concave, striated ; outer less 

 by half ; stigmas feathered, whitish. Native of Jamaica. 



80. Panicum Elongatum. Plant smooth ; panicles in pairs, 

 pyramidal, lateral, elongate-pedunculate, terminal ; little 

 branches alternate, divaricate ; glumes alternate, oblong, 

 acute, pedicellated, coloured; leaves long; neck somewhat 

 bearded ; stem compressed. Grows in ditches, and near 

 ponds, from New Jersey to Virginia, h is a very handsome 

 crass, sometimes five feet high : the colour of the panicle is 

 diirk purple mixed with green. 



81. Panicum Strictum. Panicles solitary, shorter than the 

 terminal leaf; branches simple, flexuose; glumes alternate, 

 pedunculated, obovate, turgid; little valves with many striae, 



acute; leaves linear; sheaths very, hairy. Grows on the 

 banks of the Delaware, and also in Pennsylvania. 



82. Panicum Fusco-rubens. Racemes linear, virgate; 

 glumes clavate, coloured. Grows in the rice-fields of 

 Georgia, and flowers in August. 



83. Panicum Striatum. Panicles oblong ; glumes some- 

 what large, glabrous, green, beautifully striated. Grows in 

 Carolina. 



84. Panicum Nitidnm. Panicles capillaceous, ramose ; 

 glumes striated, pubescent; seeds shining; leaves remote, 

 lanceolate-linear, bearded at the neck ; stalk glabrous. A 

 common North American species. 



85. Panicum Scopariuui. Panicles erect, composite, seta- 

 ceous, very branchy ; glumes obovate, pubescent ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, villose. Grows in the dry swamps of Carolina. 



86. Panicum Nodiflorum. Panicles very small, lateral, 

 and terminal; glumes ovate, pubescent; leaves narrow, some- 

 what short, bearded at the neck. Grows in dry fields- from 

 Pennsylvania to Carolina, and flowers in July. 



87. Panicum Proliferum. Plant very glabrous ; panicles 

 oblong, erect, lateral, and terminal ; glumes oblong, acute. 

 striated; stalk branchy, dichotomous. Grows in rich soil, 

 in woods, and on edges of ditches, from Pennsylvania to 

 Carolina, and flowers in July and August. 



88. Panicum Pubescens, Plant erect, very branchy, pubes- 

 cent; panicles small, with few flowers, lax, sessile; glumes 

 globose-ovate, subpedicellated, pubescent. Grows in shady 

 rich woods from Virginia to Carolina, and flowers in July. 



SO. Panicum Laxiflortim. Panicles open, lax, pilose; 

 glumes rare, obtuse, pubescent. A North American plant. 



90. Panicum Anceps. Plant erect ; branches of the panicle 

 simple, interruptedly racemulose ; leaves long; sheaths com- 

 pressed, pilose. Grows in the shady wet woods of Carolina. 



91. Panicum Melicarium. Plant feeble, very glabrous ; 

 panicle slender, long ; branchlets rare ; glumes membranace- 

 ous, with subequal lanceolate valves; leaves narrow, long. 

 Grows in Carolina and Georgia, flowering in July and August. 



Pansies. See Viola. 



Papavcr ; a genus of the class Polyandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth two-leaved, 

 ovate, emarginate ; leaflets subovate, concave, obtuse, cadu- 

 cous. . Corolla: petals four, roundish, flat, spreading, large, 

 narrower at the base, alternately less. Stamina: filamenta 

 numerous, capillary, much shorter than the corolla ; anthers 

 oblong, compressed, erect, obtuse. Pistil: germen round- 

 ish, large ; style none ; stigma depressed, peltate, flat, radiate. 

 Pericarp: capsule crowned with the large stigma, one-celled, 

 half many-celled, opening by many holes at the top under 

 the crown. Seeds: numerous, very small ; receptacles lon- 

 gitudinal plaits, the same number with the rays of the stigma, 

 fastened to the wall of the pericarp. Observe. The pericarp 

 is either globular or oblong, and differs in the rays of the 

 stigma. The primary division of the species is to be taken 

 from the smoothness and roughness of the pericarp. ESSEN- 

 TIAL CHARACTER. Calix : two-leaved. Corolla: four- 

 petalled. Capsule: one-celled, opening by holes under the 

 permanent stigma. All the plants of this genus are propa- 

 gated by seeds ; but those wliich have perennial roots may 

 be also propagated by offsets. The best time for sowing the 

 seeds is in September, when they will more certainly grow ; 

 and those sorts wliich are annual will make larger plants, 

 and flower better, than when they are sown in the spring. 

 The best way is to sow the seeds of the annual kinds in the 

 places where they are to remain, and to thin the plants where 

 they nrc too close: those of the large kinds should not 

 be left nearer to each other than a foot and a half, and the 



