260 



P AU 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



PEC 



Paullinia; a genus of the class Ooiauilria, order Tngyma. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. C^tx: perianth five-leaved; leaf- 

 lets ovate, concave, spreading, permanent; the two outer 

 opposite, one of the inuer larger. Corolla: petals four, 

 obovate-oblong, tw^e as large as the calix, clawed, two 

 more distant ; nectaries two, one four-petalled, inserted into 

 the claws of the corolla, the other of four glands at the base 

 of the petals. Stamina: filamenta eight, simple, short, united 

 at the base; antheree small. Pistil: germen turbinate, 

 three-sided, blunt; styles three, filiform, short; stigmas 

 simple, spreading. Pericarp : capsule large, three-sided, 

 three-celled, three-valved. Seeds: solitary, obovate. Observe. 

 According to Plumier, the second species has a large three- 

 sided, three-celled, three-valved capsule, and the fourth 

 three capsules jointed in the middle, but separable, bearing 

 the seeds at top, winged below. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Calix: five-leaved. Petals: four. Nectary: four-leaved, 

 unequal. Capsule: three, compressed, membranaceous, con- 

 nate. To propagate the plants of this genus, procure the 

 seeds from the countries where they naturally grow. As 

 soon as they arrive, sow them in small pots, filled with light 

 earth, and plunge them into a moderate tan-bed. If the 

 seeds arrive in autumn, plunge the pots into the bark bed in 

 the stove, and probably the plants may come up the follow- 

 ing spring ; but if they arrive in spring, plunge the pots into 

 a moderate hot bed under a frame, where they may be con- 

 tinued all the summer ; in autumn remove them into the stove 

 for the winter, watering them now and then sparingly. The 

 following spring plunge the pots into a new hot-bed under 

 a frame, whicrrwill bring up the plants in about six weeks, 

 if the seeds be good. When the plants are fit to remove, 

 plant each in a small pot filled with light earth, and plunge 

 them into a hot-bed of tanner's bark, observing to shade 

 them till they have taken new root; after which they should 

 have free air admitted to them daily, in proportion to the 

 warmth of the season. In the autumn they must be removed 

 into the bark-stove, where they must constantly remain. As 

 they require much room and have little beauty, they are 

 seldom propagated in Europe. The species are, 



1. Paullinia Asiatica ; Asiatic Paullinia. Leaves ternate ; 

 petioles and stem prickly, round ; flowers white, smelling 

 strongly ; fruit commonly trieoccous, but sometimes qnadri- 

 coccous, and even pentacoccous, saffron-coloured, with black 

 spots, of an acrid taste with some sweetness. Native of the 

 East Indies. 



2. Paullinia Seriana. Leaves ternate ; petioles naked ; 

 leaflets ovate-oblong. Receptacle a white fungose tubercle, 

 growing to the axis of the fruit. Native of S. America. 



3. Paullinia Nodosa. Leaves ternate ; petioles naked ; 

 middle leaflet obovate. Native of South America. 



4. Paullinia Cururu. Leaves ternate ; petioles margined. 

 Native of South America. 



5. Paullinia Mexicana ; Mexican Paullinia. Leaves bi- 

 ternate ; all the petioles margined ; stem prickly. Native of 

 Mexico. 



6. Paullinia Carthaginensis ; -Carthaginian Paullinia. 

 Leaves biternate ; all the petioles margined ; stem unarmed. 

 This has the leaves more cut than the other species ; and 

 they are very thin, whereas in the rest they are more or less 

 coriaceous and thick. It is entirely void of prickles. Native 

 of Carthagena, New Spain. 



7. Paullinia Caribaea ; Caribbean Paullinia. Leaves 

 biternate ; all the petioles margined ; branches prickly. 

 Native of the Caribbees. 



8. Paullinia Curassaviea; Shining-leaved Paullinia. Leaves 

 biternate ; all the petioles margined ; branches margined. 



Native of Curasao. Swartz says, it is common in the woods 

 of Jamaica, with its slender, woody, flexile stalk, raising 

 itself frequently to a very considerable height among the 

 bushes ; it is so tough and yielding that it is commonly cut 

 into junks, barked, and used for riding and walking sticks. 



9. Paullinia Barbadensis ; Barbadoes Paullinia. Leaves 

 biternate ; middle petiole margined, the rest naked. This 

 differs from the preceding principally in the form of the 

 leaves, and the slighter and less frequent incision of them. 

 Native of the West Indies. 



10. Paullinia Divaricata. Leaves biternate; leaflets ovate, 

 acute, mostly entire; petioles naked ; panicles divaricating; 

 wings of the capsules ovate. Native of Jamaica. 



11. Paullinia Polyphylla; Parsley-leaved Paullinia, or 

 Supple Jack. Leaves triternate ; petioles naked. Native of 

 the West Indies. 



12. Paullinia Triternata. Leaves triternate; petiolets 

 margined. This climbs to the height of twenty feet; branches 

 round, smooth, grooved, long, flexible. Native of woods in 

 the island of St. Domingo. 



13. Pauilinia Japonica; Japanese Paullinia. Leaves qui- 

 nate, pinnate, petioletted, margined ; stem herbaceous, un- 

 armed ; flowers opposite to the leaves, panicled ; peduncles 

 the length of the leaves. Native of Japan. 



14. Paullinia Vespertilio. Leaves pinnate; leaflets ovate, 

 acuminate, gashed ; petioles naked ; capsules pedicelled, with 

 horizontal lanceolate wings. Native of the West Indies. 



15. Paullinia Pinnata ; Winged-leaved Paullinia. Leaves 

 pinnate ; petioles margined ; leaves shining. Native of Bra- 

 zil, Jamaica, and St. Domingo, in dry sandy places. 



16. Paullinia Tomentosa ; Downy-leaved Paullinia. Leaves 

 pinnate; petioles margined; leaflets tomentose. Native of 

 South America. 



17. Paullinia Diversifolia ; Different-leaved Paullima. 

 Leaves superdecompound ; petioles margined, the lowest 

 pinnate, the rest ternate. Native of South America. 



Paul's Betony. See Veronica. 



Pea. See Pisum. 



Pea, Everlasting. See Lathyrus. 



Pea, Heart. See Cardiospermum. 



Pea, Pigeon. See Cytisus. 



Pea, Sweet. See Lathyrus. 



Pea, Winged. See Lotus. 



Peach Tree. See Amygdalus. 



Pearl-wort. See Sagina. 



Pear Tree. See Pyrus. 



Pecten Veneris. See Scandix. 



Pectis; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Polygamia 

 Superflua. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: common, five- 

 leaved, cylindric ; leaflets lanceolate, blunt, almost equal. 

 Corolla: compound, rayed; corollets hermaphrodite, about 

 six in the disk, Gaertner says four ; females about five in the 

 ray, Gaertner says about six ; proper of the hermaphrodite 

 funnel-form, five-cleft ; of the female ligulate, ovate, (or, 

 according to Gaertner, quite entire,) shorter than the calix. 

 Stamina: in the hermaphrodites, filamenta five, short; antherae 

 cylindric, tubular. Pistil: in the hermaphrodites, germen 

 linear ; style filiform ; stigma bifid : in the females, germen 

 linear; style filiform; stigmas two, revolute. Pericarp: 

 none. Calix: unchanged, spreading. Seeds : in the florets, 

 solitary, linear; down with two or three spreading awns, 

 various in length and breadth. Receptacle : naked. ESSEN- 

 TIAL CHARACTER. Calix: five-leaved, cylindric. Florets 



of the ray : five. Down : awned. Receptacle : naked. 



The species are, 



1. Pectis Ciliaris. Leaves linear, ciliate. Root branched, 



