262 



PED 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



PEL 



narrow, deep yellow, the lower lip very small, the upper 

 narrow, almost upright, blunt. Native of Lapland, Swit- 

 zerland, Silesia, and Siberia. 



10. Pedicularis Hirsuta ; Hairy Lousewort. Stem simple ; 

 leaves tooth-pinnate, linear; calices hirsute. Root perennial; 

 spike terminating, very short, but thick and quadrangular ; 

 flowers six to twelve, yellow, sessile. It differs from the 

 rest, in its widely embracing petioles, villose calices, the 

 colour of the corolla, and the notches of the leaves. Native 

 of Lapland, Dauphiny, Piedmont, and Siberia. 



11. Pedicularis Rosea; Rose-coloured Lousewort. Stem 

 simple ; leaves pinnate ; pinnas oblong, pinnatifid ; calices 

 hirsute ; spike when young close, afterwards loose, with small 

 bractes ; corolla red. This plant has seldom more than one, 

 two, or three stems from a root. Native of Carinthia. 



12. Pedicularis Incarnata; Flesh-coloured Louseivort. Stem 

 simple ; leaves pinnate, serrate ; calices rounded, smooth ; 

 helmet of the corollas hooked, acute ; flowers many, red, in 

 a long loose spike. There is one variety which is smaller, 

 and smooth : and another with the leaves less cut, and almost 

 simple ; the stem lower, and the flowers fewer, the colour of 

 fire, inclining more or less to yellow. Native of Switzerland, 

 Austria, Dauphiny, Silesia, and Siberia. 



13. Pedicularis Lapponica; Lapland Lousewort. Stem 

 simple; leaves pinnatifid, serrate; calices bifid, blunt; root 

 perennial ; corolla yellow, with the upper lip compressed, 

 produced at the tip, reflexed downwards, and prominent like 

 an eagle's beak. Native of the mountains of Lapland, and 

 Dalecarlia, Denmark, and Siberia. 



14. Pedicularis Comosa; Spiked Lousewort. Stem simple; 

 spike leafy ; helmet of the corollas acute, emarginate; calices 

 five-toothed ; lateral roots whitish, tuberous, thicker at the 

 end, the middle root is bigger and blackish. Native of the 

 mountains of Italy, Dauphiny, and Siberia. 



15. Pedicularis Foliosa; Leafy-spiked Louseivort. Stem 

 simple ; spike leafy ; helmet of the corollas very blunt, entire ; 

 calices five-toothed. Root simple, biennial. Gouan remarks, 

 this is very different from the other species, even when not 

 in flower. Native of Switzerland, Austria, and France. 



16. Pedicularis Canadensis ; Canadian Lousewort. Stem 

 simple ; spike somewhat leafy ; helmet of the corollas bristly, 

 two-toothed; calices truncated downwards. Root perennial. 

 Native of North America. 



17. Pedicularis Tuberosa; Tuberous Lousewort. Stem 

 simple ; calices crested ; helmet of the corollas hooked-beak- 

 ed. Root thick, and a little tuberous, black, and fibrous. 

 The flowers form a very thick spike, closer at top than at 

 bottom, they are yellowish or whitish ; the upper lip of the 

 corolla is sickle-shaped. Native of the Swiss, Italian, and 

 Siberian mountains. 



| 18. Pedicularis Gyroflexa. Leaves bipinnate ; leaflets 

 somewhat toothed, curled, and blunt; flowers turned to the 

 left, hooked-headed. Root perennial, composed of a dark 

 black trunk, often carious, three or four lines in diameter, from 

 which spring thick lateral fibres, horizontal, quite simple, 

 pretty long, not at all swelling out any more than the trunk 

 of the root. There is a variety with finer and more distinct 

 leaves, a yellow flower, and the pistil longer than the corolla. 

 Native of the south of France, Switzerland, Carniola, and 

 Piedmont. 



19. Pedicularis Greenlandica. Stem simple ; leaves pin- 

 nate, serrate ; calices oblong, smooth ; helmet of the corollas 

 awl-shaped, bowed, longer. Native of Greenland. 



20. Pedicularis Lanceolata. Stem simple ; leaves lanceo- 

 late, inciso-dentate ; spikes aphyllous ; calices glabrous; cap- 

 sules short. Grows in the Illinois country. . 



21. Pedicularis Gladiata. Stem simple; leaves lanceolate, 

 pinnatifid, dentated ; spikes leafy, rough ; flowers alternate, 

 yellow, tinged with purple. Grows in rich soil, and grassy 

 moist places, from Pennsylvania to Virginia. 



Peganum; a genus of the class ( Dodecandria, order Mo- 

 nogynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth five- 

 leaved ; leaflets linear, often toothed, erect, the length of the 

 corolla, acute, permanent. Corolla : petals five, oblong, 

 ovate, from upright spreading. Stamina: filamenta fifteen, 

 awl-shaped, shorter by half than the corolla, dilated at the base 

 into a cup-like nectary under the germen ; antherse oblong, 

 erect. Pistil: germen roundish, three-cornered, raised on 

 a receptacle from the base of the flower; style filiform, round, 

 the length of the antherae ; stigma oblong, three-sided. Peri- 

 carp : capsule roundish, three-cornered, three-celled, three- 

 valved, with contrary partitions. Seeds: very many, ovate- 

 acuminate. Observe. This genus differs from Ruta, as Ce- 

 lastrus from Euonymus ; for what is taken from the number 

 of the pistil, is added to the stamina, and vice versa. ESSEN- 

 TIAL CHARACTER. Calix: five-leaved, or none. Corolla: 

 five-petalled. Capsule: three-celled, three-valved, many- 

 seeded. The species are, 



1. Peganum Harmala; Syrian Rue. Leaves multifid. 

 Root as large as a man's little finger, and becoming woody 

 by age ; the stalks decay every autumn, and new ones arise 

 in the spring ; they grow about a foot long, and divide into 

 several small branches, at the ends of which the flowers are 

 produced, sitting close between the leaves ; corolla white. 

 Willich remarks, that the calix should rather be considered 

 as a floral leaf; for it has the same structure with the leaves, 

 and is perfect and expanded long before the opening of the 

 flower. It flowers in July, and in warm seasons the seeds 

 will ripen here in the autumn. Native of Spain, the county 

 of Nice, of Syria. Cappadocia, Galicia, and Siberia. Both 

 it and the next species are propagated by seed, sown thinly 

 on a bed of light earth, in the beginning of April : when the 

 plants come up, keep them clean from weeds ; at the end of 

 October, or beginning of November, when the stalks decay, 

 cover the bed with tanner's bark, ashes, or saw-dust, to keep 

 out the frost, for the roots are somewhat tender when young. 

 In March following, transplant them into a warm situation 

 and dry soil, where they will continue for several years. 



2. Peganum Dauricum. Leaves lanceolate, slightly cre- 

 nate ; stem herbaceous. Native of Siberia. 



3. Peganum lletusum. Leaves wedge-shaped, abrupt; stem 

 shrubby. A shrub, with spinous, downy branches ; called by 

 the Arabians Gharghed. It grows near Alexandria in Egypt. 



Pelargonium ; a genus of the class Monadelphia, order 

 Heptaudria. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one- 

 leafed, five-parted ; segments ovate, acute, concave, perma- 

 nent; upper segments ending in a capillary nectariferous 

 tube, decurrent along the peduncle. Corolla : petals five, 

 obcordate or ovate, spreading, large, irregular. Stamina: 

 filamenta ten, awl-shaped, united at the base, spreading at' 

 top, unequal, at length all shorter than the corolla, three of 

 them sometimes, but seldom five, castrated ; anthera seven, 

 oblong, versatile. Pistil: germen five-cornered, beaked; 

 style awl-shaped, longer than the stamina, permanent ; stig- 

 mas five, reflex. Pericarp: capsule five-grained, beaked, the 

 cells opening inwards, the beak spiral, bearded on the inside. 

 Seeds: solitary, ovate, oblong. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Calix: five-parted, the upper segment ending in a capillary, 

 nectariferous tube, running along the flower-stalk. Corolla : 

 five-petallcd, irregular. Filamenta : ten, unequal, three of 

 which, seldom five, are castrated. Fruit: five-grained, beak- 

 ed; beak spiral, bearded within. The species are, 



