SAL 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



SAL 



513 



appears to be very little known, though among the most valu- 

 able plants as an Osier. It flowers in April and May, and 

 is a native of England and France. It occurs in the Osier 

 holts between Maidenhead and Windsor; in the river near 

 Salisbury ; in an Osier holt near Ely ; also at Prickwillow 

 uear Ely ; and in the neighbourhood of Bedford. 



18. Salix Croweana; Broad-leaved Monadelphous Willow. 

 Monadelphous : leaves elliptic, subserrate, very smooth, glau- 

 cous underneath. Discovered by Mr. Crowe ; and Is very 

 distinct from all the other species, and easily known by its 

 united stamina and short broad leaves. It is of no use as 

 an Osier, as the twigs are short and brittle. Found at Cran- 

 berry-fen in Norfolk, flowering in April and May. 



19. Salix Arbuscula. Leaves subserrate, smooth, subdia- 

 phanous, glaucous underneath ; stem suffruticose. This is 

 scarcely a foot high, growing in the form of a little tree : 

 when cultivated, it reaches the height of a man. 



20. Salix Retusa ; Blunt-leaved Willow. Leaves subser- 

 rate, smooth, obovate, very blunt. This is a very small 

 plant, only a foot hign. The branches are not unfrequently 

 all on one side of the stem, Native of Dauphiny, Switzer- 

 land, and Italy. 



21. Salix Decipiens. Leaves serrate, smooth, lanceolate, 

 petioled, the lower ones smaller, obovate, reflex. Hoffman 

 has named this Decipiens, because it resembles another spe- 

 cies so much, that an incurious observer might easily be 

 deceived in taking them for the same. The branches are 

 brittle, snapping off at the joints. It flowers in May ; and 

 is a native of Europe, growing on the banks of rivers. It has 

 also been found by Pursh in North America. 



22. Salix Arbutifolia; Arbutus-leaved Willow. Leaves 

 obovate, acute, serrate, smooth. This low shrub is found in 

 the eastern parts of Siberia, and in Switzerland and Savoy. 



23. Salix Divaricata; Straddling -branched Willow. Leaves 

 ovate, lanceolate, wave-serra'te, smooth ; branches divaricate. 

 Found on the mountains of Dauria. 



24. Salix Rhamnifolia ; Buckthorn-leaved Willow. Leaves 

 ovate, obtuse, serrate, smooth, glaucous underneath. This 

 small shrub is a native of Russia, in watery places throughout 

 the temperate and southern parts of the limits of Caucasus. 



25. Salix Berberifolia ; Barberry-leaved Willow. Leaves 

 sessile, ovate, tooth-serrate, veined, shining. This shrub is 

 a native of the high mountains of many parts of Europe ; and 

 the northern counties of Great Britain, flowering in May. 



** Leaves smooth, quite entire. 



26. Salix Myrtilloides ; Myrtle-leaved Willow. Leaves 

 entire, smooth, ovate, acute. This is a small shrub, scarcely 

 a foot high. Native of Sweden and Iceland, Switzerland, 

 the south of France, Ingria, and Siberia. It flowers in May. 



27. Salix Integra. Leaves entire, smooth, linear-oblong, 

 obtuse. Native of Japan. 



28. Salix Glauca ; Glaucous-leaved Willow. Leaves quite 

 entire, very finely villose underneath, ovate-oblcmg. This is 

 a shrub, from two to three feet in height. According to 

 Villars, it is a creeping and very singular shrub, with a large 

 twisted trunk, of a greenish ash colour; branches short; 

 bark greenish or blackish on the younger ones, and a little 

 villose at the end. Native of the mountains of Lapland, the 

 *lps, and Pyrenees. 



29. Salix Caspica; Caspian Willow. Leaves linear-lan- 

 late, quite entire, smooth. This shrub, which seldom 



ceeds six feet high, almost emulates the Weeping Willow 

 the slenderness of its twigs. Native of Russia, in the 

 sands between the southern Volga and the Rhymnus towards 

 * u " Caspian Sea, and very abundantly by the rivers of Sarpa 

 Coma. 



*** Leaves quite entire, villose. 



30. Salix Aurita ; Round-eared Willow. Leaves quite 

 entire, villose on both sides, obovate, appendicled. This 

 small tree grows from a yard to eight feet high. It sometimes 

 flowers a second time in the autumn, after having previously 

 flowered in May. The shoots are slender, and tolerably 

 flexible. It has been observed near Bungay in Suffolk, and 

 is common in the woods and hedges of Scotland. 



31. Salix Lanata; Woolly-leaved Willow. Leaves woolly 

 on both sides, roundish, acute. Native of Lapland. 



32. Salix Lapponum ; Lapland Willow. Leaves quite 

 entire, hirsute, lanceolate. Native of Lapland, abounding 

 in all the valleys of the high mountains. 



33. Salix Arenaria ; Sand Willow. Leaves entire, ovate, 

 acute, subvillose above, tomentose underneath ; stems about 

 the height of a man, upright, little branched, cinereous, or 

 red. Native of many parts of Europe ; found on the sea- 

 shores of Scotland, among blowing sand. 



34. Salix Incubacea ; Trailing Willow. Leaves quite 

 entire, lanceolate underneath, villose, shining; stipules ovate, 

 acute. Native of Sweden. 



35. Salix Fusca; Brown Dwarf Willow. Leaves quite 

 entire, ovate, pubescent underneath. This is a low, pro- 

 cumbent, creeping shrub. This species, and Arenaria Incu- 

 baeea, and Repens, are closely allied. Native of several 

 parts of Europe. Found in England by Lansdown Castle 

 between Southampton and Winchester ; between Kilnsay and 

 ArnclifF in Yorkshire, and various parts of Scotland. 



36. Salix Gmelini ; Gmelin's Willow. Leaves elliptic-lan- 

 ceolate, entire, silky underneath. Native of Dauria. 



37. Salix Serotina; Late Willoiv, Leaves oblong-acute, 

 quite entire, silky ; stipules lanceolate, deciduous. This 

 shrub grows only six feet high in the water, but in a drier 

 situation it becomes a tree, with a trunk the size of the human 

 arm. Native of Russia, in the sandy shallows and islands of 

 the southern Volga, between Zarizin and Astracan ; where 

 it does not unfold its buds and put forth its catkins till the 

 beginning of June, when the waters of the river begin to 

 subside. 



38. Salix Arctica; Arctic Willow. Leaves quite entire, 

 obovate-rounded, villose underneath, Found in the Arctic 

 Circle on the shores of the Icy Sea. 



**** Leaves subserrate, villose. 



39. Salix Sibirica; Siberian Willow. Leaves ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, subserrate, tomentose, stiffish ; stipules ovate, some- 

 what toothed. Native of the farther Siberia, by the subal- 

 pine streams of the Jenisca, and the plains of Dauria. 



40. Salix Caprsea; Round-leaved Sallow. Leaves ovate, 

 wrinkled, tomentose underneath, waved, toothletted above ; 

 stipules somewhat crescent-shaped. This sometimes becomes 

 a large tree ; with spreading, brown or purplish, minutely 

 downy branches. Linneus says, no species of Salix requires 

 such a dry soil as this does. The bark is used in dyeing 

 leather by the Laplanders ; and the best gloves are prepared 

 with it in Scania. The wood is soft, light, and flexible, fit 

 for several uses of the turner, the handles of tools, knife- 

 boards, &c. Tlu; coal is esteemed good for making gun- 

 powder, and is used in drawing. It is of considerable service 

 to bees, both by its early flowering and abundance of antherse. 

 Culture, Sfc. The Sallows are commonly planted in cut- 

 tings made from strong shoots of the former year, about 

 three feet long ; these are commonly thrust down two feet 

 deep into the ground, and remain one foot above the surface. 

 The cuttings should be placed about five feet row from row, 

 and two feet asunder in rows, observing always to plant the 

 rows the sloping way of the ground, especially if the tides 



