520 



SAL 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



SAL 



Jamaica, this little plant is found creeping under every hedge 

 and bush in the lower lands : it runs frequently to the length 

 of two or three feet, but always roots at the lower joints. It 

 has a faint smell of Balm when first pulled. Native of the 

 West Indies. See the second species. 



13. Salvia Tilisefblia ; Lime-leaved Sage. Leaves cordate, 

 wrinkled, equally crenate, serrate, acute ; calices smoothish, 

 awned. Stem herbaceous, upright, stiff, somewhat villo.se, 

 with the angles blunt. Native of Mexico. 



14. Salvia Serotina ; Late-flowering Sage. Leaves cordate, 

 serrate, soft ; flowers raceme-spiked; corollas scarcely exceed- 

 ing the calix ; root biennial. The odour unpleasant and 

 strong. Supposed to be a native of the isle of Chios. 



15. Salvia Tenella. Leaves cordate ; stem filiform, creep- 

 ing; spikes ascending. This is an herbaceous annual plant, 

 with long capillary creeping roots. Native of Jamaica, in the 

 gravelly and grassy parts of the highest mountains. 



16. Salvia Viridis ; Green-topped Sage. Leaves oblong, 

 crenate; helmet of the corolla semiorbicular ; fruiting calices 

 reflex. A small, annual, slightly branched herb, with scarcely 

 any aromatic flavour. Native of Italy, and of Africa on the 

 hills about Tunis. Sow the seeds of this and the next spe- 

 cies in the spring, where they are designed to remain : keep 

 them clean from weeds, and thin them where they are close. 



17. Salvia Horminum; Red-topped Sage. Leaves obtuse, 

 crenate ; upper bractes barren, larger, coloured. The stems 

 have whorls of small flowers, and are terminated by clusters 

 of small leaves, forming two varieties, one with purple and 

 another with red tops. For the sake of this coma, they are 

 preserved in gardens for ornament. They flower in June and 

 July, and ripen their seeds in autumn. An infusion of the 

 leaves is a good gargle for putrid spongy gums ; and the 

 powder of them, snuffed up the nose, excites sneezing, and a 

 dischage of watery humours from the head ; the leaves or 

 seed put into the vat with ale while fermenting, greatly 

 increase its inebriating quality., Native of the south of 

 Europe. Annual. 



18. Salvia Virgata ; Long-branched Sage. Leaves oblong, 

 cordate, wrinkled, crenate ; hairs of the stem and calix glan- 

 dular at the tip. It flowers from July to November. Native 

 of the Pyrenean mountains. 



19. Salvia Sylvestris; Spotted-stalked Bohemian Sage. 

 Leaves cordate, wrinkled, biserrate ; bractes coloured, shorter 

 than the flower, acuminate; hairs of the stem and calix simple. 

 Native of Austria, Silesia, and the hills about Turin. 



20. Salvia Nemorosa ; Spear-leaved Sage. Leaves cordate, 

 lanceolate, serrate, flat; bractes coloured; lower lip of the 

 corolla reflex. It flowers from June to October. Native of 

 Austria and Tartary. 



21. Salvia Syriaca ; Syrian Sage. Leaves cordate, toothed ; 

 the lower repand ; bractes cordate, short, acute : calices 

 tomentose ; stem hairy. This species lasts two or three 

 years, and has a sweet smell. Found in Syria and Pa- 

 lestine. 



22. Salvia Viscosa; Clammy Sage. Leaves oblong, blunt, 

 erose-crenate, viscid; flowers in whorls; bractes cordate, 

 acute. Perennial. It flowers in June. Native of Italy. 



23. Salvia Hcematodes ; bloody Sage. Leaves cordate- 

 ovate, wrinkled, tomentose; calices hispid; root tuberous. 

 Native of Italy and Istria. 



24. Salvia Pratensis ; Meadow Sage, or Clary. Leaves 

 cordate-oblong, crenate, the upper ones embracing; whorls 

 almost naked; corollas having a glutinous helmet. Root per- 

 ennial. Dr. Withering remarks, that the floral leaves are 

 about the length of the calix, which is spread open ; that the 

 corolla, of a blueish purple, is four times as large as the calix, 



with the helmet hooked like the handle of a walking-stick ; 

 and that its gumminess not being constant, ought not to make 

 a part of its specific character. It flowers in July, and is a 

 native of many parts of Europe, in dry pastures and by hedge 

 sides. It is one of the most showy, as well as the most rare 

 plants of British growth. It has been noticed near Cobham 

 in Kent; at Wicksclifts in Gloucestershire; between Middle- 

 ton-Stoney, and Audley, in Oxfordshire; near Ford-End 

 Farm, Bedford; and often in Sussex and Surry. 



25. Salvia Bicolor ; Two-coloured Sage. Leaves ovate, 

 erose-toothed ; flowers nodding; the middle segment of the 

 lower lip of the corolla concave. This handsome plant is a 

 native of Barbary ; found in corn-fields, flowering in spring. 



26. Salvia Indica; Indian Sage. Leaves cordate, sub- 

 lobed at the sides, the upper ones sessile ; whorls almost 

 naked, very remote. This magnificent plant is rarely seen 

 in our gardens, which is perhaps owing to its not being con- 

 sidered as a hardy plant. The flower, which is beautiful, 

 appear? from May to July. It may be increased by seeds, 

 as ii is haidy enough to live in the open air in England, 

 and the root will abide several years in a dry soil. As how- 

 ever the seeds are ,but sparingly produced here, it may also 

 be increased by parting the roots in the autumn or spring. 

 Some shelter must be afforded to this plant in severe winters. 

 It flowers in great perfection in a large garden-pot, but it will 

 succeed as well or better in the open border, but should be 

 defended from cold winds. 



27. Salvia Dominica; Dominica Sage. Leaves cordate, 

 obtuse, crenate, subtomentose ; corollas narrower than the 

 calix. Common in the fields and coppices of the West 

 Indies. See the second species. 



28. Salvia Verbenaca ; Vervain Sage, or Clary. Leaves 

 serrate, sinuate, smoothish; corollas narrower than the calix. 

 Root perennial, brown, the thickness of the middle finger, 

 striking deep into the erth. This is smaller than the twenty- 

 fourth species, but more aromatic, and of a deeper green. The 

 herb and flower sprove very aromatic when rubbed. The seeds 

 are smooth, and produce a great quantity of soft tasteless 

 mucilage when moistened, whence they become serviceable 

 for removing extraneous matter from the eyes. If put under 

 the eyelids for a few moments, the tears dissolve their muci- 

 lage, which envelopes any sand or dust that may be in the 

 way, and brings it out safely. Hence some old writers have 

 called it Oculus Christi ; and others, of our own country, 

 have ridiculously enough derived our English name Clary 

 from the same circumstance. It flowers through the whole 

 summer, from June to October. Native of all parts of Eu- 

 rope, and not uncommon in England. This species propa- 

 gates itself in plenty, if the seeds are permitted to scatter, 

 and only requires to be kept clean from weeds. 



29. Salvia Scabra ; Rugged Sage. Rugged : leaves lyrate, 

 toothed, wrinkled; stem panicle-branched. It is shrubby, 

 and flowers in England during most pa r t of the summer. 

 Native of the Cape. 'See the second species. 



30. Salvia Runcinata; Runcinate-leaved Sage. Rugged: 

 leaves rum-inate-pinnatifid, toothed ; flowers spiked, whorled. 

 Native of the Cape. 



31. Salvia Clandestina; Cut-leaved Sage. Leaves serrate, 

 pinnatifid, very mucli wrinkled: spike obtuse; corollas nar- 

 rower than the calix. Biennial : flowering from May to July. 

 Native of Italy, of Cyprus, and of Barbary. 



32. Salvia Austriaca ; Austrian Sage. Leaves ovate and 

 cordate, erose-sinuate; root-leaves petioled ; stem almost leaf- 

 less ; stamina double the length of the corolla; flowers white, 

 or very pale yellow, and of moderate size, appearing in June 

 and July. Native of Austria, Hungary, and Maldavia. 



