522 



SAL 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



SAL 



date, oblong, villose, serrate ; floral bractes longer than the 

 calix, concave, acuminate; flowers in loose terminating spikes. 

 Stem two or three feet high ; leaves as large as the hand, 

 viscid and strongly scented ; flowers and bractes variegated 

 with pale purple and yellowish-white. The whole plant has 

 a very strong scent. It was formerly used in medicine, but 

 is now neglected. A wine is made from the herb in flower, 

 boiled with sugar, which has a flavour not unlike Frontiniac. 

 It is found in the West Indies, where this plant is still much 

 in use as a remedy among the negroes, who consider it as 

 cleansing, cooling, and consolidating to ulcers and sore legs, 

 to which they are very subject. It is also used in inflam- 

 mations of the eyes ; and the leaves, boiled with Cocoa-nut 

 oil, are said to cure the sting of scorpions. This, with the 

 Vervain, (see Verbena Jamaicensis,) are two of the ingredients 

 which form the aromatic warm bath, a remedy which deserves 

 to be in more general use. The Garden Sage, a species of 

 this genus, is there made into a decoction, sweetened and 

 acidulated with lime-juice, and used as a cooling drink in 

 fevers. The virtues of the Sage are stimulant, carminative, 

 tonic, and aromatic. It is biennial, flowering from July to 

 September, and a native of Syria, Italy, and Dauphiny. 

 This plant is propagated by seeds, which should be sown in 

 the spring, and when the plants are fit to remove, they 

 should be either transplanted into beds, or, if a large quantity 

 is required, they may be planted in an open spot of ground, 

 in rows two feet asunder, and one foot distance in the rows. 

 After the plants have taken root, they will require no further 

 care but to keep them clean from weeds. The winter and 

 spring following, the leaves, which are the only part used, 

 will be in perfection, and in the summer they will run up to 

 flower, and, after they have ripened their seeds, decay, so 

 that there should be young plants annually raised for use. 

 It will thrive upon almost any soil that is not wet; for this 

 plant frequently rots upon moist grounds in the winter. 



62. Salvia Ivolucrata. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, serrate; 

 flowers in terminating spikes; bractes very large, coloured. 

 A beautiful plant, owing to the number and size of the flow- 

 ers, the spike of which is terminated by bractes, complicated 

 into a pale rose-coloured strobile. Native of Mexico. 



63. Salvia Ceratophylla; Horn-leaved Sage. Leaves 

 wrinkled, pinnatifid, woolly; upper whorls barren. Bien- 

 nial. Native of Persia, and found in Syria. 



64. Salvia Elhiopis; Woolly. Sage, or Clary. Lejves 

 oblong, erose, woolly; whorls woolly; bracles recurved, 

 somewhat spiny. There are two varieties of this species; 

 one with very broad embracing leaves, the other with 

 leaves nearly the shape of Betony. Biennial. Native of 

 Europe and Africa. 



65. Salvia Phlomoides. Leaves lanceolate, almost entire; 

 stem woolly and viscid. Native of Spain, in the mountains 

 about Siguenza 



66. Salvia Argentea; Silvery-leaved Sage. Leaves oblong, 

 tooth-angular, woolly; upper whorls barren; bractes con- 

 cave. A large biennial hoary herb: stem panicle-formed, 

 bearing many opposite whorled spikes of large white flowers, 

 all turiif.d one way, their palate yellowish. This, according 

 to Mr. Miller, will live several years in a dry soil. It flowers 

 in June, and ripens seed in the beginning of August. I^iative 

 of Crete. Sow the seeds in the beginning of April, in a dry 

 or rubbishy soil, where the plants will live through the win- 

 ter in the open air, and the second yar will produce flowers 

 and s/'eils. 



67. Salvi.i Viilnerarieefolia ; Kidiicy-vrtch-leaved Snge. 

 Leaves f . uite >ru ; : <>rtuiu;n MIL; leaflet very largo. 

 SI ' vc of the Levant*-^ 



68. Salvia Pinnata ; Wiry-leaved Sage. Hairy and viscid : 

 Leaves pinnate; pinnas erose; calix inflated. It flowers in 

 July. Native of the Levant. 



69. Salvia Incarnata; Flesh-coloured Sage. Leaves pin- 

 nate, serrate; stem procumbent, hirsute. Native of the 

 Levant. 



70. Salvia Rosaefolia; Rose-leaved Sage. Leave* pinnate, 

 hoary; leaflets serrate; calices ringent. Shrubby; with 

 hairy branches, and simple pinnate leaves, consisting of two 

 pair of stalked leaflets with an odd one; flowers several in 

 each whorl, rather large. Native of Armenia. 



71. Salvia Japonica; Japan Sage. Leaves bipinnate, 

 smooth. Annual. Native of Japan. 



72. Salvia Ceratophylloides; Branchy Sage. Leaves pin- 

 natiiid, wrinkled, villose; stem panicled, very much branched. 

 Biennial; flowering from June to September. Native of 

 Sicily and Egypt. 



73. Salvia Forskaelei. Leaves lyrate, eared ; stem almost 

 leafless; helmet of the corolla semibifid. It resembles the 

 next species. Native of the Levant. 



74. Salvia Nutans; Nodding Sage. Leaves cordate, indis- 

 tinctly five-lobed, erose ; stem roundish ; racemes nodding. 

 Native of Russia. 



75. Salvia Hastata ; Halbert-leaved Sage. Leaves hastate- 

 lanceolate, crenate ; stem almost naked ; racemes drooping. 

 Native of Russia. 



76. Salvia Betonicsefolia ; Betony-leaved Sage. Leaves 

 lanceolate, crenate ; stem almost naked ; racemes drooping. 

 Native of Russia. 



77. Salvia Algeriensis; A Igerine Sage. Lower leaves ovate, 

 crenate, decurrent into the petiole ; calices tooth-spiny, nod- 

 ding; bractes reflex; stem upright, hirsute, with bluut angles. 

 Native of Algiers. 



78. Salvia Fretida ; Fetid Sage. Shrubby: leaves cordate- 

 ovate, very much wrinkled, villose; flowers whorl-spiked; 

 fruiting calices compressed. The whole plant has a very 

 strong smell. Native of the kingdom of Tunis. 



79. Salvia Patula ; Spreading Sage. Root-leaves cordate, 

 woolly, sinuate, erose; stem and calices villose, glutinose; 

 bractes concave, mucronate; upper flowers fading. Native 

 of Portugal, Syria, and Barbary. 



80. Salvia Trichostemoides. Leaves lanceolate, serrate ; 

 flowers in terminal racemes, opposite; corolla nearly equal 

 with the trifid calix ; stem brachiate, very branchy ; flowers 

 small, sky-blue. Grows on the open plains of the Missouri. 



81. Salvia Azurea. Leaves linear-lanceolate ; calix pubes- 

 cent, very slightly trifid ; flowers beautiful blue, sometimes 

 white. Grows in open sandy situations in Carolina and 

 Georgia. 



Salnnia; a genus of the class Cryptogamia, order Mis- 

 ccllaniee. GENERIC CHARACTER.. Male Flowers: four to 

 nine, among whorled roots, heaped into a little ball. Calix: 

 subglobular, pubescent, one-celled, consisting of a double 

 membrane; the inner thinner, ten or twelve ribs between 

 them. Corolla: none, unless it be the inner membrane of 

 the calix. Stamina: an upright pillar, placed on the base 

 f the calix, the whole length of it, and putting out from 

 two to three hundred capillary fi I amenta ; anthem: globular, 

 one-celled. Female, in the middle of the ball, solitary. 

 Calix and Corolla: as in th<; males. Pistil: geiininu about 

 fifteen, obliquely ovate, blunt, rugged with dots, each on 

 distinct pedicels, fastened to the bottom of the calix; style 

 none; stigma doubtful, perhaps a dot on the top of the 

 gprnien. Pericarp: none. Seeds: as many in number as 

 the germina, and of the same form. Observe The male 

 and female flowers may be distinguished in the dry plant 



