530 



SAT 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



undunged earth, and placed in the shade until they have 

 taken new root; then place them in 11 sheltered situation, 

 where they may remain till the end of October, when they 

 should be placed under a common hot-bed frame, where 

 they may be exposed to the open air at all times in mild 

 weather, but must be protected from hard frost. As these 

 plants seldom live above three or four years, there should be 

 a supply of young ones raised to preserve the species. In the 

 winter they should not have much wet, for they are very 

 subject to grow mouldy, especially if the air be excluded 

 from them ; or if the branches be drawn up weak, they 

 become mouldy, and soon decay. 



2. Satureia Thymbra; Whorled Savory. Flowers whorled, 

 hispid ; leaves oblong, acute. The stem is shrubby, bushy, 

 square, and rough; the leaves have, when bruised, a strong 

 aromatic odour; the flowers are many in each whorl, pale 

 purple, with prominent stamens. Native of the island of 

 Candia. See the preceding species. 



3. Satureia Grseca; Greek Savory. Peduncles subtriflo- 

 rous, lateral; involucrets shorter than thecalix. This agrees 

 in appearance with the next species, from which it differs in 

 having the leaves less mucronate, but especially in the 

 corymbs of flowers, which are not single on each side, but 

 double. Native of the Archipelago, and of the county of 

 Nice. See the first species. 



4. Satureia Montana ; Winter Savory. Peduncles lateral, 

 solitary; flowers in bundles, fastigiate; leaves mucronate, 

 linear-lanceolate. Perennial, with a low, shrubby, branching- 

 stalk; leaves evergreen, dilated upwards; flowers white, with 

 a lilac tinge, and violet spots. This plant appears to be a 

 native of the south of France and Italy; but there is good 

 reason to suppose that this and the following species, with 

 other potherbs, were cultivated in remote ages, before the 

 East Indian spices were known and in common use. It may 

 be propagated by seeds, iu the same way as the next species; 

 or by slips, which will take root very freely if planted in the 

 spring. It is very hardy, and will continue several years, 

 especially on a poor dry soil, or on a wall : but when the 

 plants are old, the shoots are short, and not so well furnished 

 with leaves ; it will be proper therefore to raise a supply of 

 young plants every other year. 



5. Satureia Hortensis ; Summer Savory. Peduncles two- 

 flowered ; leaves lanceolate, entire. Annual ; with slender 

 erect stalks about a foot high, sending out branches at each 

 joint by pairs; corolla pale flesh-colour. Native of the south 

 of France and Italy. It-is only cultivated by seeds, sown at 

 the beginning of April, upon a bed of light earth, where they 

 are to remain, or for transplanting: if the plants are to stand 

 unremoved, the seeds should be thinly sown. Keep thetn clean 

 from weeds, and treat them in the same manner as Marjoram. 



6. Satureia Capitata; Ciliated Savory. Flowers in spikes; 

 leaves keeled, dotted, ciliate. Stem bushy; leaves small, 

 crowned ; flowers light purple, in copious, dense, terminal 

 spikes. This never seeds in England. It flowers from June 

 to October. Native of the Levant. See the 6rst species. 



7. Satureia Spinosa; Thorny Savory. Branches thorny ; 

 leaves ovate, hispid. This shrubby species is distinguished 

 by its thorny branches and shaggy leaves. Native of Candia. 

 See the first species. 



8. Satureia Viminea ; Twiggy Savory. Peduncles axil- 

 lary, three-flowered; involucres linear; leaves lanceolate- 

 ovate, quite entire. This shrub is from two {o twelve feet in 

 height, with an upright stem, very much branched and loose. 

 There are two' varieties; one a shrub, smaller and more rigid, 

 with smaller oblong leaves; the other a little tree, twelve or 

 fifteen feet high, with the branches -loose, and rounder leaves. 



The whole plant is very sweet-scented, even when dry. Na- 

 tive o!' the mountains of Jamaica. See the first species. 



Satyrium; a genus of the class Gynandria, order Dian- 

 dria. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : spathes wandering, 

 spadix -simple ; perianth none. Corolla : petals five, ovate- 

 oblong; three exterior, two interior, converging upwards 

 into a helmet. Nectary: one-leafed, annexed to then; 

 tacle by its lower side between the division of the petals ; 

 upper lip erect, very short ; lower flat, pendulous, promi- 

 nent in the base behind in a scrotiform bag. Slu/niim: ilia- 

 menta two, very slender, and very short, placed on the pistil; 

 antherse obovate, covered by the two-celled fold of the upper 

 lip of the nectary. Pistil: germen obloug, twisted, inferior; 

 style fastened to the upper lip of the nectary, very short; 

 stigma compressed, obtuse. Pericarp : capsule oblong, one- 

 celled, fhree-keeled, three-valved, opening in three pails 

 under the keels, cohering at the top and bottom. Seeds: 

 numerous, very small, irregular like saw-dust. ESSENTIAL 

 CHARACTER. Nectary: scrotiform, or twin, inflated behind 

 the flower. The species are, 



1. Satyrium Ilircinum ; Lizard Satyrion, or Goaty Ore/us. 

 Bulb undivided; leaves* lanceolate; lip of the nectary trifid ; 

 middle segmeiit linear, oblique, prsemorse. This is the 

 tallest English plant of the tribe, frequently attaining to the 

 height of three feet, and producing from twenty to sixty or 

 more flowers, remarkable for their fetid goat-like smell. 

 The upper part of the lip is downy, and marked with elegant 

 purple spots on a white ground, otherwise the flowers are 

 more singular than beautiful : they are sometimes white ; 

 and the plant itself varies in size, and the breadth of the 

 leaves; which circumstances have given occasion to authors 

 to make two species of it. Native of Germany, Switzerland, 

 Austria, France, Italy, and England, where it is found about 

 Deptford in Kent, flowering from May to June, and some 

 say, in July; but the greediness of collectors has frequently 

 endangered its total destruction, and in some seasons none 

 can be found in flower. It prefers a chalky soil and shaded 

 situation, among shrubs and tall grass. These plants are 

 difficult to propagate. The best way to obtain them is, to 

 take up their roots, and transplant them into the garden, with 

 a good ball of earth, putting them into a soil as near *o that 

 in which they naturally grow as possible, and to leave the 

 ground undisturbed ; for if their roots be injured, the plants 

 seldom thrive afterwards. 



2. Satyrium Tabulare. Bulbs round ; stem leafy ; lip tri- 

 fid; middle segment emarginate. Found on the Table-moun- 

 tain at the Cape, whence its name. 



3. Satyrium Triste. Bulbs undivided; helmet one-spurred ; 

 lip entire. Large and panicled. Native of the Cape. 



4. Satyrium Giganteum. Bulbs round; stem naked; lip 

 sagittate ; flowers orange-coloured ; plant six feet high. 

 Native of the Cape. 



5. Satyrium Aculeatum. Bulbs round ; stem leafy ; lip 

 entire, unarmed, prickly. Native of the Cape. 



6. Satyrium Viride ; Frog Satyrion. Bulbs palmate ; 

 leaves oblong, blunt; lip of the nectary linear, trifid; the 

 middle segment obsolete ; stem from five to eleven inches 

 high, solid, with unequal sharp angles, formed from the 

 edges of the leaves and bractes. Native of many parts of 

 Europe, especially in the northern counties. It flowers front 

 the end of May to the beginning of August, and in England 

 is generally found in a gravelly or rocky soil. It has been 

 observed at King's Hedges near Chesterton, and Cherry 

 Hinton, Cambridgeshire ; at Stevington, Thurleigh, Bletsoe, 

 Pertenhall, Luton Hor, Bedfordshire ; in the way to Glen- 

 field from Leicester ; at Braybioolt and Forster's Booth iu 



