SAX 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



SAN 



532 



nectary in the centre of the flower, half surrounding the ger- 

 inen, render this species strikingly distinct. This elegant 

 plant flowers in June and July, and is a native of China and 

 Japan. This increases so fast by runners as to be even 

 troublesome. It is properly a green-house plant : in mild 

 winters indeed it will bear the open air, especially if placed 

 at the foot of a wall, or among rock, though in severe seasons 

 it is often killed in such situations. 



19. Saxifraga Punctata. Leaves roundish, toothed, on a 

 long petioled stem, naked. Native of Siberia. 



20. Saxifraga Umbrosa ; London Pride, or None-so-pretty. 

 Leaves obovate, subretuse, with a cartilaginous notched mar- 

 gin ; stem naked, panic-led; capsule superior; petals obovate- 

 lanceolate, white or flesh-coloured, most beautifully dotted 

 with yellow and dark red. Stem from nine to eighteen inches 

 high, erect, panicled, red, and hairy ; flowers numerous, 

 erect, scentless ; calix reddish ; petals obtuse, white or flesh- 

 coloured, spotted with yellow near the base, and dark red 

 towards the extremity. This is one of the most popular of 

 our garden flowers, thriving amid the smoke of London, and 

 flowering from April to June. Native of Ireland and Eng- 

 land. Found on the Mangerton Mountain two miles from 

 Killarney ; on the mountains near Sligo ; on Croagh Patrick 

 in the county of Mayo ; in Thorparch woods near Weatherby, 

 Yorkshire ; and between Horton in Craven, Yorkshire. It 

 flowers in July. Like many of the other species, these may 

 be propagated by offsets taken off in autumn, and planted 

 in a shady situation. 



21. Saxifraga Hirsuta. Leaves cordate-oval, retuse, car- 

 tilaginous-crenate ; stem naked, panicled ; stamina longer 

 than the petals. It flowers in June. Native of the Pyrenees. 

 Treat it in the same manner as the preceding. 



22. Saxifraga Cuneifolia; Wedge-leaved Saxifrage. Leaves 

 wedge-shaped, very blunt, repand ; stem naked, panicled. 

 It flowers here in May. Native of Switzerland, Styria, and 

 Dauphiny. 



23. Saxifraga Geum ; Kidney-leaved Saxifrage. Leaves 

 kidney-shaped, toothed ; stem naked, panicled. This is dis- 

 tinct from the preceding species, in having the leaves erect. 

 Native of the European Alps. 



24. Saxifraga Serpyllifolia. Plant with small leaves, erect; 

 leaves oval, glabrous; stem one-flowered, with few leaves; 

 petals obovate; flowers large. Grows on the north-west 

 coast of North America. 



25. Saxifraga Virginiensis. The whole plant slightly pubes- 

 cent; leaves oval, obtuse; stem subaphyllous, paniculate; 

 branchlets dichotomous ; flowers subsessile, white. Grows 

 on rocks and dry hills, from New England to Virginia. 



26. Saxifraga Leucanthemifolia. Plant very rough; leaves 

 elongate-spathulate, acutely dentated; stems divaricate-dicho- 

 tomous ; panicles capillary, lax ; calix reflex ; petals unequal, 

 white, elegantly red and yellow punctated. This plant rises 

 to the height of about eight inches, and grows on the high 

 mountains of Carolina. It has also been found on the Peaks 

 of Otter, Virginia. 



27. Saxifraga Erosa. Plant somewhat glabrous ; leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, acute, erose-dentated ; stem naked ; pani- 

 cles oblong ; branches divaricate, very branchy, laxiflorous ; 



:dicels filiform. Grows in stony rivulets, on the high moun- 

 ins of Virginia and Carolina. This plant has a close affinity 

 Saxifraga Pennsylvanica. 



** Leaves undivided ; Stem leafy. 



28. Saxifraga Oppositifolia; Purple-flowered Saxifrage. 

 Stem-leaves ovate, opposite, imbricate, the upper ones ciliate; 



steins very long, trailing, either forming tufts or hanging 

 down from the crevices of rocks, branched, leafy ; the flower- 



f 



ing branchlets erect ; flowers larger than the leaves, terminal, 

 mostly solitary; petals of a purplish crimson, unspotted. 

 There are several varieties of this beautiful plant, which insi- 

 nuates its roots into every crevice, and with its numerous 

 trailing branches clothes the rocks with a rich tapestry during- 

 the months of April and May; in gardens it flowers two 

 months earlier. As the flowers go off, they incline to blue, 

 and one variety is said to have white flowers. It is very liable 

 to vary from situation : when it grows exposed, it assumes 

 a more compact appearance ; the stalks are shorter, the leaves 

 more closely imbricate, and the flowers more numerous. In 

 shady situations, the stalks shoot to a greater length, the 

 leaves are placed at longer intervals, assume a greener hue, 

 and somewhat resemble those of Wild Thyme : in such situ- 

 ations few or no flowers are produced. To cultivate this 

 plant, at the end of March divide one which has filled a pot 

 the preceding year, into many small pieces, taking care that 

 each piece has a few fibres to it; plant about six of these in 

 the middle of a small pot, filled with a composition of loam 

 and rotten leaves, or bog earth, in equal parts; water them, 

 and set them by in a shady place for about a week, then 

 plunge them in an open border, exposed not more than half 

 the day to the sun ; in dry weather water them once a day ; 

 and in the ensuing spring each pot will be covered with a 

 profusion of bloom. To continue this beautiful plant, treat 

 it thus every year; and, observe, that as it is very hardy, 

 tender management it is not only needless, but hurtful. 



29. Saxifraga Aspera ; Rough Saxifrage. Stem-leaves 

 lanceolate, alternate, ciliate ; steins procumbent. This plant 

 exhibits tufts of leaves, forming dark roses, close to the ground, 

 and younger stalks as it were gems, sessile in the axils of the 

 ciliate leaves; flowers on long, naked, one-flowered branches, 

 three or four in the whole, on the top of the plant. Native 

 of the mountains of Switzerland, Austria, Provence, Dauphiny, 

 and Piedmont. 



30. Saxifraga Hirculus ; Yellow Marsh Saxifrage. Stem- 

 leaves lanceolate, alternate, unarmed; stem erect; germen 

 ovate, superior. The almost parallel nerves on the calix and 

 petals, clearly distinguish this from the other species. It dif- 

 fers from the next species, particularly in the superior siv..: 

 and form of the petals, by the beautiful orange spots on the 

 lower half of them, and by the two very singular pointed pro- 

 jections towards the base of each. Native of Lapland, Swe- 

 den, England, Germany, Switzerland, Piedmont, and Siberia, 

 in bogs, where it flowers in July and August. It was first 

 found on Knutsford moor, Cheshire. Plant this species in 

 a pot of bog earth, and keep the pot in a pan of water, so 

 that the earth shall be constantly moist: in winter set it 

 under a frame to protect it from frost. It will thrive very 

 well in an open border, if moist, and formed chiefly of boj 

 earth, and throw out shoots which will take root. It may 

 also be increased by cuttings of the shoots, which will strike 

 root under a close glass, towards the close of summer. If kept 

 in a pot, it will require renewing every two or three years. 



31. Saxifraga Aizoides ; Ye/low Mountain Saxifrage. Stem- 

 leaves linear, alternate, tooth-ciliate; stem decumbent at the 

 base; germen depressed, half inferior. The roots creep very 

 far. The flowers often form a small corymb, and are extremely 

 beautiful when closely examined, of a more or less deep yel- 

 low, spotted with crimson : those which appear first are most 

 deeply coloured. Native of Lapland, Sweden, Norway, Bri- 

 tain, Switzerland, Carniola, Dauphiny, Silesia, and Piedmont. 

 It is found in bogs, on the mountains in the north of Eng- 

 land and Scotland, flowering in July and August. It is 

 difficult to propagate this species in gardens, unless it be 

 planted upon loose rotten earth, and kept constantly moist. 



