534 



SAX 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



SAX 



The difficulty has, however, been in a great measure removed, 

 by having a shady moist border filled with bog earth. In 

 such a border, many elegant plants, of this and various other 

 genera, thrive tolerably well ; but some of the alpine species 

 of this genus also require a pure air, and will not thrive 

 within the reach of smoke. 



32. Saxifraga Rotundifolia ; Round-leaved Saxifrage. 

 Stem-leaves kidney-shaped, toothed, petioled; stem panicled; 

 caiix inferior. Of this numerous and beautiful genus, we 

 know of none, says Mr. Curtis, the flowers of which, in point 

 of prettiness, can vie with those of the present species ; the 

 petals are white, copiously marked with numerous fine crim- 

 son dots, and appear to great advantage when viewed with 

 a magnifier. Native of Switzerland, Austria, Silesia, Dau- 

 phiny, and Piedmont. Part the roots early in autumn, that the 

 plants may be well rooted before the dry weather in spring. It 

 succeeds best in a moist shady situation, and a stiffish loam. 



33. Saxifraga Setigera. Plant pubescent; radical leaves 

 aggregate, spatulate, acute, spinous-ciliate ; stem leafy, sub- 

 biflorous ; calices hispid ; flagella setaceous, very long, upon 

 the axils of the leaves; flowers small, white. This is a very 

 singular species, growing on the north-west coast of America. 



** Leaves lobed ; Flowering-stems erect. 



34. Saxifraga Granulata; White Saxifrage. Leaves kid- 

 ney-shaped, lobed ; stem panicled ; root granulated ; germen 

 half-inferior. It varies with double flowers, and is cultivated 

 in this state. Native of dry gravelly pastures and meadows, 

 sometimes moist situations or shady banks, in most parts 

 of Europe. This little plant is an excellent diuretic; an 

 infusion of the whole plant operates powerfully and safely by 

 urine, and clears the passages from gravel. The dried roots 

 (which are granulose, or made up of small knobs) were used 

 to be kept by the druggists under the title of Saxifrage seeds ; 

 but they are not half so efficacious as when fresh taken out 

 of the ground. It is increased by offsets, which the old roots 

 put forth in great plenty. Transplant them in July, after the 

 leaves are decayed, into fresh undunged earth, placing them 

 in the shade until autumn, but in winter exposing them to 

 the sun. They will flower in April, and, if produced in large 

 tufts, will make a handsome appearance. 



35. Saxifraga Bulbifera; Bulbous Meadow Saxifrage. 

 Leaves palmate, lobed; stem-leaves sessile; stem branched, 

 bulbiferous ; germen inferior. Native of Italy, in shady rocky 

 pastures, and of Norway. 



36. Saxifraga Cernua; Drooping Bulbous Saxifrage. 

 Leaves palmate, petioled ; stem bnlbiferous ; petals retuse ; 

 germen superior. Root a small scaly bulb, throwing out 

 branched black fibres. It flowers in July and August. 

 Native of the mountains of Lapland. 



37. Saxifraga Hivularis ; Alpine Brook Saxifrage. Leaves 

 palmate, petioled, the upper one spatulate; stem few-flowered; 

 root fibrous ; germen half-inferior. Native of the Lapland 

 mountains. Found also by rills and in the wet fissures of rocks, 

 on Ben Nevis in Scotland, flowering in June and July. 



38. Saxifraga Geranioides ; Crane's-bill-leaved Saxifrage. 

 Root-leaves kidney-shaped, five-lobed, multifid; stem-leaves 

 linear; stem almost naked, branched ; root stoloniferous. It 

 flowers in April and May, and is found upon the Pyrenees, 

 by hills and on shady rocks, and also in Siberia. 



39. Saxifraga Ajugifolia ; Bugle-leaved Saxifrage. Root- 

 leaves palmals, five-parted; stem-leaves linear, undivided; 

 stems ascending, many-flowered. Native of the mountains 

 of Provence. 



40. Saxifraga Sibirica; Siberian Saxifrage. Leaves kid- 

 ney-shapid, palmate, hairy ; stem and peduncles filiform ; 

 root fibrous. Native of Siberia. 



41. Saxifraga Rupestris ; Rock Saxifrage. Stem-leaves 

 wedge-shaped, three-lobed, toothed, glandular, hairy; pedun- 

 cles one-flowered, very long ; stem ascending, branched at 

 the base. Native of the mountains of Carinthia. 



42. Saxifraga Tridactylites ; Rue-leaved Saxifrage. Leaves 

 wedge-shaped, trifid or quinquefid, alternate, the upper ones 

 undivided ; stem panicled ; germen inferior ; root annual, 

 small, entirely fibrous. A strong infusion of the whole plant, 

 fresh gathered, is an excellent sweetener of the blood and 

 juices, and good against scorbutic complaints in general ; 

 and there are not wanting well-attested accounts of its having 

 cured the king's-evil, when the use of it has been persevered 

 in. Those who wish to have it for use all the year, should 

 make a syrup of its juice in the spring, or beat the leaves 

 into a conserve with sugar; for the dried plant loses all its 

 virtues, and it is only to be had fresh for a short space of 

 time in the spring. Common in most parts of Europe, on 

 walls, thatched roofs, and in dry barren places, flowering in 

 April and May. When growing in shady places, it is green, 

 more slender, and long-lived : and in very dry situations the 

 stem is sometimes unbranched, and all the leaves entire. 



43. Saxifraga Petreea ; Stone Saxifrage. Leaves wedge- 

 shaped ; root-leaves entire, and three-toothed ; stem-leaves 

 five-toothed, upper ones trifid; peduncles subtriflorous. It 

 flowers in April a-nd May, and is a native of the mountains 

 of Lapland, Norway, Switzerland, Savoy, Carinthia, and 

 Dauphiny. It is an annual plant. 



44. Saxifraga Adscendens. Leaves palmate, three-parted; 

 segments subtrifid ; stem branched, ascending. Native of 

 the Alps, Pyrenees, Monte Baldo, and the Hartz forest. 



45. Saxifraga Moschata ; Musky Alpine Saxifrage. Root- 

 leaves aggregate, membranaceous, linear-lanceolate, entire or 

 trifid. triple-nerved ; stern almost naked, subbiflorous. The 

 herb is sweet-smelling, and viscid ; the roots have a pleasant 

 aromatic flavour ; and the leaves are particularly tender like 

 Chinese silk-paper. Native of Switzerland, the Pyrenees, 

 and Carniola. Dr. Withering found it in the mountains 

 above Ambleside in Westmoreland. 



46. Saxifraga Csespitosa ; Tufted Alpine Saxifrage. Root- 

 leaves aggregate, fleshy, linear, entire or trifid, nerved be- 

 neath ; stem almost naked, subbiflorous ; roots in tufts. There 

 are several varieties. Native of the Pyrenees, Norway, and 

 the Piedmontese Alps ; flowering in June ; and found on the 

 alpine rocks above lake Idwell, Caernarvonshire. 



47. Saxifraga Palmata ; Palmate Saxifrage. Leaves hairy, 

 palmate, quinquefid or trifid; stem leafy, panicled; petals 

 roundish ; root-leaves numerous, in tufts, from the centre of 

 which the stem arises. This beautiful plant was found on 

 the rocks of Cwm Idwell, above Llyn Idwell, near Twelldd 

 in North Wales. It flowers from April to June. 



48. Saxifraga Tricuspidata. Root-leaves aggregate, wedge- 

 shaped, ciliate, acutely three-toothed ; stem ascending, race- 

 mose ; petals lanceolate, three times as long as the calix.- 

 Native of Greenland. 



49. Saxifraga Rivularis. Plant erect; leaves palmated, 

 petiolate ; the highest leaf spatulate ; stem with few flowers ; 

 root fibrous ; germen semi-inferior ; flowers white, small. 

 Grows in Labrador. 



**** Leaves lobed ; Stems procumbent. 



50. Saxifraga Cymbalaria. Stem-leaves cordate, three- 

 lobed, and entire ; stems procumbent. Native of the Levant, 

 found on Mount Ararat. 



51. Saxifraga Hederacea ; Ivy-leaved Saxifrage. Stem- 

 leaves ovate, lobed ; stem filiform, flaccid. Annual, flower- 

 ing in July. Native of the Levant. 



52. Saxifraga Orientalis. Leaves roundish, five-lobed ; 



