S C A 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY, 



S CJE 



537 



31. Scabiosa Africana; African Scabious. Corallets five- 

 cleft, equal ; leaves simple, gashed ; stem shrubby; pedun- 

 cle terminating, sustaining one pale flesh-coloured scentless 

 flower. It varies in the leaves. Native of Africa, flowering 

 from July to October. This, with the other African species, 

 may be increased by cuttings planted in a shady border 

 during any of the summer months. When these have put 

 out good roots, plant them in pots filled with light loamy 

 earth, and placed in the shade till they have taken new root; 

 then remove them to a sheltered situation till the frosts come 

 on, when they must be put into the dry-stove or a glass- 

 case for the winter, giving them as much free air as possible 

 in dry weather. In the middle or end of April remove them 

 into the open air in a warm situation. 



32. Scabiosa Monspeliensts ; Montpellier Scabious. Co- 

 rollets five-cleft, equal, shorter than the calix, all the leaves 

 pinnate, ciliate ; plant a foot and half high. Native of 

 France, about Montpellier. 



33. Scabiosa Pumila; Dwarf Scabious. Corollets five- 

 cleft, radiant, almost stemless; leaves very hairy; root-leaves 

 lyrate; stem-leaves pinnate, gashed. Native of the Cape. 



34. Scabiosa Cretica ; Cretan Scabious. Corollets five- 

 cleft, radiant; leaves lanceolate, almost quite entire; stem 

 shrubby. The flowers stand upon very long naked peduncles, 

 at the end of the branches, and are of a fine blue colour. 

 Native of Candia and Sicily. This may be increased by cut- 

 tings, or by slips. When these have taken good root, plant 

 some on a dry border near a south wall, where they will live 

 in common winters : but as severe frost frequently destroys 

 them, put others in pots, placing them under a frame in win- 

 ter, and giving them air in mild weather. 



35. Scabiosa Limonifolia. Corollets five, equal ; leaves 

 wedge-shaped, quite entire, wrinkled and hoary underneath ; 

 root divided above ; stems frutescent at the base, erect, sim- 

 ple. Native of Sicily. 



36. Scabiosa Graminifolia ; Grass-leaved Scabious. Co- 

 rollets five-cleft, radiant ; leaves linear-lanceolate, quite 

 entire; stem herbaceous; root perennial. The stem is 

 branching at the base, procumbent, and knobbed. It flowers 

 in July. Native of the mountains of Dauphiny, Carniola, 

 Italy, Switzerland, Silesia, and Barbary. It does not pro- 

 duce seeds in England, but may be propagated by slips, 

 planted on a shady border at the beginning of April. 

 When these have put out good roots, take them up with 

 balls of earth, and transplant them where they are to remain. 

 It loves a soft loamy soil, and a shady situation. 



37. Scabiosa Lyrata; Lyrate-leaved Scabious. Corollets 

 five-cleft, radiant; segments entire; lower leaves oblong, 

 serrate; upper pinnatifid at the base; stem herbaceous, 



ect, a foot high, simple, striated, somewhat hairy. Native 

 ' the shore of the Dardanelles. 



38. Scabiosa Palestina; Palestine Scabious. Corollets 

 e-clel't, radiant, all the segments trifid ; leaves undivided, 

 ibserrate; upper pinnatifid at the base ; stem a foot high, 



nd. Native of Palestine. 



39. Scabiosa Isetensis. Corollets five-cleft, radiant, longer 

 *.n the calix ; leaves bipinnate, linear. Native of Siberia, 



rocks. 



40. Scabiosa Ucranica ; Ukraine Scabious. Corollets five- 

 ft, radiant ; root-leaves pinnatifid ; stem-leaves linear-lan- 

 'late at the base. Native of the Ukraine ; and said to be 



'ound in Piedmont. 



41. Scabiosa Ochroleuca; Pale Scabious. Corollets five- 

 cleft, radiant; leaves bipinnate, linear; root perennial, whitish 

 brown, the thickness of a finger, and woody. It flowers in 

 July and August. Native of Germany. 



42. Scabiosa Papposa; Downy-headed Scabious. Corol- 

 lets five-cleft, unequal ; stem herbaceous, erect ; leaves pin- 

 natifid ; seeds awned and feather-downed ; root annual. It 

 flowers in July; and is a native of the island of Crete or 

 Candia, and of the south of Europe. 



43. Scabiosa Pterocephala ; Wing-headed Scabious. Co- 

 rollets five-cleft; stem procumbent, shrubby; leaves laciniate, 

 hirsute, down-feathered. Supposed to be a native of Greece. 



Scabious, Sheep's. See Jasione. 



Scavola ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Monogy- 

 nia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth superior, 

 very short, five-cleft, permanent. Corolla : one-petalled, 

 unequal ; tube long, with a longitudinal fissure ; border five- 

 cleft, ascending ; segments directed one way, lanceolate, 

 membranaceous at the dge. Stamina : filamenta five, short, 

 capillary, inserted into the receptacle; a.ntherae distinct, 

 erect, oblong, obtuse. Pistil : germen inferior, ovate ; style 

 filiform, thicker above, longer than the stamina, issuing from 

 the fissure, curved in towards the border; stigma flatted, 

 obtuse, with the mouth open. Pericarp : drupe roundish, 

 umbilicate with a dot, one-celled. Seed : nut ovate, 

 wrinkled, acute, two-celled. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER, 

 Corolla: one-petalled, with the tube cloven longitudinally, 

 or the border five-cleft and lateral. Drupe: inferior, con- 

 taining one two-celled nut. The species are, 



1. Sceevola Lobelia. Leaves obovate, smooth, quite entire; 

 calix undivided, very short; stem suflfrutescent, two feet high, 

 almost single, thick, round, smooth. This is a fleshy, inele- 

 gant shrub, with rugged branches, leafy at the top ; flowers 

 very few together, in axillary, solitary, stalked cymes ; corolla 

 yellowish-white ; drupe succulent, black. Native of both 

 Indies, and found growing very generally between the tropics. 

 It is propagated by the seeds, which must be imported from 

 the countries where it naturally grows, as the plant will not 

 produce them in Europe. Sow them in pots filled with light 

 sandy earth, and plunged into a hot-bed of tanners' bark, 

 where the plants will come up in about a month or five 

 weeks, provided the bed be warm, and the earth often 

 watered. When ihe plants are up, they should be kept in a 

 temperate hot-bed, and frequently refreshed with water, but 

 it must not be given to them in large quantities, for they are 

 very succulent, and subject to perish with much moisture, 

 especially while they are young. When the plants are about 

 two inches high, they should be carefully taken out of the 

 pots in which they were sown, and each planted in a separate 

 small pot filled with fresh light sandy earth, and then plunged 

 into the hot-bed again, observing to shade them in the heat 

 of the day until they have taken new root. In this hot-bed 

 the plants may remain until the middle or latter end of Sep- 

 tember, when they must be removed into the stove, and 

 plunged into the tan-bed, in the wannest part of the stove; 

 for they are verjktender plants while young, and must there- 

 fore be kept very warm, otherwise they will not live through 

 the first winter in this country. In the spring following, the 

 plants may be shifted into somewhat larger pots, and then 

 plunged iiito a fresh hot-bed to forward their growth ; for if 

 they are not pushed on while they are young, they seldom 

 grow to any size, nor will they ever flower ; so that in order 

 to have them in any beauty, they must be carefully managed. 

 The leaves of this plant are very subject to contract filth, by 

 being constantly kept in the stove, therefore they should be 

 washed with a sponge frequently, to keep them clean, other- 

 wise they will appear unsightly. 



2. Scvola Kcenigii. Leaves obovate, smooth ; tooth sub- 

 repand at top ; calix five-toothed. Native of the East Indies. 

 To be treated like the preceding. 



