544 



S CI 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



SCI 



14. Scilla Hyacinthoides ; Hyacinthine Squill. Raceme 

 cylindrical, many-flowered ; petals half as long again as the 

 germen ; peduncles coloured ; leaves lanceolate ; flowers 

 numerous, small, blue. It flowers in August. Native of the 

 island of Madeira, &c. It is remarkable, that unless the 

 offsets be frequently taken away from this species, it will not 

 flower for twenty years together. 



15. Scilla Lingulata ; Tongue-leaved Squill. Leaves lan- 

 ceolate, fiat; raceme dense, conical; bractes awl-shaped, 

 equalling the pedicels. Native of the fields of Barbary, 

 flowering in winter, 



16. Scilla Viflosa ; Villose-leaved Squill. Leaves lanceo- 

 late, flat, villose; flowers corymbed. Native of Barbary, 

 flowering in winter. 



17. Scilla Obtusifolia; Blunt-leaved Squill. Scape lateral; 

 leaves tongue-shaped, waved ; flowers corymbed. Native of 

 Barbary. 



18. Scilla Parviflora; Small-flowered Squill. Leaves linear- 

 lanceolate, acute, smooth, shorter than the scape; flowers 

 racemed, crowded; bractes very short. It flowers in winter 

 in the fields about Algiers. Native of Barbary. 



19. Scilla Undulata; Wave-leaved Squill. Leaves lanceo- 

 late, waved ; flowers loosely racemed ; bractes very short. 

 The flowers are of a pale rose-colour, and fade before the 

 foliage appears. This species is very common in Barbary, on 

 barren hills about Tunis, Constantine, and Algiers ; flowering 

 in autumn and at the beginning of winter. 



20. Scilla Autumnalis ; Autumnal Squill. Leaves linear; 

 flowers corymbed, racemed ; peduncles without bractes, 

 ascending, length of the flowers ; bulb ovate-roundish, coated, 

 whitish. The leaves are numerous, varying in length and 

 breadth ; the flowers rather small, widely expanded, of an 

 felegant crimson, with darker anthers. Native of France, 

 Spain, Italy, Barbary, and England : it is not uncommon in 

 the dry pastures of the southern and western parts of Eng- 

 land ; and is found in several places near London, as on 

 Blackheath ; near Ditton ; on Moulsey Hurst over against 

 Hampton Court; on St. Vincent's rocks, near Bristol; and 

 near Chace-water mine, and upon the Lizard Point in Corn- 

 wall. This may be raised from seeds, which it produces in 

 plenty, and it will flower the third year. It may be increased 

 also, though slowly, by its bulbs, which should be planted 

 in a light loamy soil, and placed in a dry part of the garden. 

 It is best to plant the bulbs in pots, plunged in the bor- 

 der ; for they will thus be secured from destruction when the 

 border is dug. 



21. Scilla Anthericoides ; Anthericum-like Squill. Raceme 

 long; bractes awl-shaped; pedicels shorter than the corolla. 

 -Native of Barbary. 



22. Scilla Unifolia; One-leafed Squill. Leaf subcylindri- 

 cal, subspiked at the side. Native of Portugal. 



23. Scilla Nutans ; Harebell Hyacinth. See Hyacinthus 

 Non scriptut; which is the same plant. 



Scirpus; a genus of the class Triandria. order Monogynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: glumes chaflV, imbricated 

 every way, ovate, flat, a little reflexed, uniform, all fertile, 

 except occasionally a few of the outermost. Corolla: none. 

 Stamina: filamenta three, finally becoming longer; antherse 

 oblong. Pistil: germen very small; style filiform, long; 

 stigmas three, capillary. Pericarp : none. Seed: one, three- 

 sided, acuminate, surrounded with villose hairs, shorter than 

 the calix, or without any. Observe. Those villose hairs of 

 the seeds, in some species are fastened to the tip, in others 

 to the base of the seed. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Glumes: 

 chaffy, imbricate every way. Corolla: none. Seed: one, 

 beardless. The species are, 



* With a single Spike. 



1. Scirpus Mutatus. Culm three-sided, naked; spike 

 cylindrical, terminating. This is common in all the shallow 

 standing waters of Jamaica, especially those to the east and 

 west of Kingston. 



2. Scirpus Spiralis ; Spiral Club Rush. Culms aggregate, 

 almost naked, three-sided; spike cylindrical, terminating; 

 florets wedge-form, truncate, disposed spirally. Native of 

 the East Indies. 



3. Scirpus Articulatus; Half-jointed Club Rusk. Culm 

 round, almost naked, half-jornted ; head glomerate, lateral. 

 Native of Malabar, Egypt, and Japan. 



4. Scirpus Plantagineus. Culms round, jointed, naked j 

 spike terminating, cylindrical, naked. Native of the East 

 Indies. 



5. Scirpus Nutans. Culm compressed, bluntly four-cor- 

 nered, naked ; spike ovate, solitary, terminating, nodding. 

 Native of the East Indies. 



6. Scrrpus Multicaulis ; Many-stalked Club Rush. Culm 

 round, sheathed at the base; spike ovate, terminating; 

 glumes obtuse, equal ; root fibrous, not creeping. Native 

 of turfy bogs in Lapland ; and found on a bog at Carrybat- 

 tachan in the isle of Skye, as also in Yorkshire, Norfolk, 

 Sussex, and Cornwall. 



7. Scirpus Csespitosus ; Scaly-stalked Club Rush. Culm 

 round, striated, sheathed at the base with numerous scales ; 

 spike terminating; outer glumes very large; root fibrous, 

 tufted. It is the principal food of sheep and cattle in the 

 Highlands of Scotland. Native of Europe, flowering in July. 



8. Scirpus Pauciflorus ; Chocolate-headed Club Rush. Culm 

 round, striated, sheathed at the base ; spike terminating, few- 

 flowered, longer than the outer glumes ; root tufted, blackish. 

 Native of Sweden, Germany, Switzerland, France, and 

 Britain. Found in Ellingham fen, Norfolk; on Pornigland 

 heath, near Norwich; Houghton moor, near Newbold ; near 

 Beverley in Yorkshire ; and on the Highlands of Scotland, 

 flowering in August. 



9. Scirpus Campestris. Culm striated, naked ; spike ter- 

 minating, scarcely exceeding the two-valved calix; calix- 

 glumes oblong, membranaceous at the tip, blunt, almost equal. 

 Native of the dutchies of Oldenburgh and Bremen. 



10. Scirpus Atro-purpureus. Culms setaceous, round, in 

 bundles; spikes terminating, ovate, solitary; flowers one- 

 stamined. Native of the East Indies. 



11. Scirpus Polytrichoides. Culms compressed, setaceous; 

 spikes terminating, solitary, somewhat nodding, one-stamined. 

 Found in Ceylon and Amboyna. 



12. Scirpus Fluitans ; Floating Club Rush. Stem leafy, 

 flaccid, floating; peduncles alternate, naked ; spikes solitary, 

 terminating; root small, fibrous. Native of Germany, France, 

 Flanders, and England, in ditches and little pools, upon 

 grassy commons and heaths, where the water is apt to be 

 dried up in summer, in which case it sometimes grows more 

 luxuriantly. It has been met with on Wandsworth and 

 Streatham commons in Surry ; in the bogs on Harefield com- 

 mon in Middlesex; on Putney and Hounslow heaths; on the 

 heath between Farnham and Godalming ; on St. Faith's bogs 

 near Norwich; on Chorley forest in Leicestershire; abun- 

 dantly in Dorsetshire ; in small rills about Newton Cartmel ; 

 at Salesmoor near Manchester; upon Stockton common, 

 Terrington car, and marry other watery heaths in Yorkshire ; 

 and at Hiverfordwest in Pembrokeshire, South Wales. 



** A round Culm, with several Spikes. 



13. Scirpus Lacustris; Tall Club Rush, or Bull Rush. 

 Culm round, naked ; panicle cymed, decompounded, terminat- 

 ing; spikelets ovate. Roots creeping under water horizon- 



