560 



SEN 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



SEN 



9. Sempervivum Stellatum ; Starry Houseleek. Stem her- 

 baceous, pubescent; leaves spatulate, scattered. This is a 

 lax and diffuse miniature of the first species. Native place 

 unknown. To be treated as the fifth species. 



10. Sempervivum Arachnoideeum ; Cobweb Houselcek. 

 Leaves interwoven with hairs ; offsets globular. Native of 

 the mountains of Switzerland, Dauphiny, and Italy. It 

 flowers in June and July, and is commonly known by the 

 name of Cobweb Sedum, though evidently a Sempervivum in 

 habit as well as in fructification. 



11. Sempervivum Hirtum ; Rough Houseleek. Stem- 

 leaves and ends of the petals rough-haired; root hard, round, 

 perennial, from which there are many rose-like tufts of leaves. 

 Native of Germany, Silesia, and Piedmont. 



12. Sempervivum Montanum; Mountain Houseleek. Leaves 

 quite entire ; offsets spreading. This greatly resembles the 

 Common Houseleek; but the leaves are smaller, and have no 

 indentures on their edges. Flowers beautifully variegated 

 with lilac and a brownish-red colour. It flowers in June 

 and July. Native of Germany, Silesia, Austria, Switzerland, 

 the south of France, and Italy. 



13. Sempervivum Sediforme; Stonecrop-leaved Houseleek. 

 Leaves scattered; lower ones cylindrical, upper ones flattened. 

 All the stems are perpetually and constantly very still, and 

 standing upright. It flowers in July. Native of the south of 

 Europe. Treat it in the same manner as the fifth species. 



14. Sempervivum Monanthes; Clustered Houseleek. Leaves 

 round, club-shaped, clustered; peduncles naked, mostly one- 

 flowered; nectaries obcordate. The number of the parts of 

 fructification varies from five to eight. It flowers in July, 

 and during most of the summer months. Native of the Canary 

 islands. 



Senecio; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Polygamia 

 Superflua. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : common caii- 

 cled, conical, truncate; scales awl-shaped, very many, paral- 

 lel, in a cylinder contracted above, contiguous, equal, fewer, 

 covering the base, imbricatewise, the tops mortified. Corolla: 

 compound, higher than the calix ; corollets hermaphrodite, 

 tubular, numerous in the disk : females ligulate in the ray, 

 if any present: proper in the hermaphrodites funnel-form; 

 border reflex, five-cleft: in the females, if any, oblong, 

 obscurely three-toothed. Stamina: in the hermaphrodites, 

 ft 1 amenta five, capillary, very small ; antheree cylindric, 

 tubular. Pislil : in both ; gertnen ovate ; style filiform, 

 length of the stamina ; stigmas two, oblong, revolute. Peri- 

 carp : none ; calix conical, converging. Seeds : in the her- 

 maphrodites solitary, ovate ; pappus capillary, long: in the 

 females very like the hermaphrodities. Receptacle: naked, 

 flat. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: cylindrical, cali- 

 cled, with the scales mortified at the tip. Down: simple. 



Receptacle: naked.- The species are, 



* With Jtosculous Flowers. 



1. Senecio Hieracifolius ; Hieracium- leaved Groundsel. 

 Corollas naked ; leaves embracing, lacerate ; stem herbace- 

 ous, erect. Native of North America. Sow the seeds upon 

 a hot-bed in the spring; and when the plants are fit to remove, 

 transplant them to another hot-bed to bring them forward ; 

 and afterwards place them in. a warm border, where they will 

 flower in July, and their seeds will ripen in autumn. 



2. Senecio Purpureus; Purple Groundsel. Corollas naked ; 

 leaves lyrate, rough-haired, the upper ones lanceolate, toothed. 

 -r-Native of the Cape. 



3 Senecio Erubescens; Blush-coloured Groundsel. Corollas 

 naked ; leaves lyrate, hairy, clammy, the upper ones oblong, 

 lanceolate, toothed ; stems ascending. Annual, flowering 

 from lune to October. Native of the Cape. 



4. Senecio Cernuus ; Drooping Groundsel. Corollas naked ; 

 leaves elliptic, tooth-serrate, somewhat hairy; peduncles elon- 

 gated, one-flowered. Annual; flowering in July and August. 

 Native of the East Indies and Madagascar. 



5. Senecio Persicifolius ; Peach-leaved Groundsel. Corol- 

 las naked ; leaves lanceolate, quite entire, toothed at the 

 base; stem simple, a little villose. Native of the Cape. 



6. Senecio Virgatus; Twiyyy Groundsel. Corollas naked ; 

 leaves lyrate, tomentose underneath; peduncles one-flowered; 

 scales awl-shaped. Native of the Cape. 



7. Senecio Divaricatus ; Straddling Groundsel. Corollas 

 naked; leaves lanceolate, toothed, rugged; flowering branch- 

 lets divaricating. Native of China. 



8. Senecio Pseudo-China; Chinese Groundsel. Corollas 

 naked; leaves lyrate, pinnatifid, toothed; scape almost naked, 

 very long; root perennial. Native of the East Indies. Part 

 the roots in spring. Plant the offsets in pots filled with light 

 kitchen-garden earth, and plunge them in the tan-bed in the 

 stove, where they must remain. 



9. Senecio Reclinatus ; Grass-leaved Groundsel. Corollas 

 naked ; calices ventricose, subimbricate ; leaves filiform, 

 linear, quite entire, smooth. Stem woody, erect, three feet 

 high, shrubby. Native of the Cape. 



10. Senecio Vulgaris; Common Grmmdsel. Corollas 

 naked; leaves pinnatifid, sinuate, embracing; flowers scat- 

 tered. Root annual, consisting of numerous white fibres. 

 This species, with a few others, having no ray, belongs to 

 the first order of the class Syngenesia in the artificial system, 

 but naturally it is of this genus. The flower-buds and young 

 tops are the food of many small birds, and are given to cana- 

 ries and other songsters confined in cages. A strong infusion 

 of the plant is an emetic, and the bruised leaves are a good 

 application to boils. The fresh roots smelled to, as soon as 

 taken out of the ground, are said to be an immediate cure 

 for the headache. Farriers give the juice to horses troubled 

 with the bolts ; whence Mr. Ray concludes that it might be 

 successfully given to kill worms in the human body. Accord- 

 ing to Linneus, goats and swine eat it, cows are not partial 

 to it, and horses and sheep decline it. In the eastern coun- 

 ties it is called Simson, or, as it is pronounced, Senshon. 

 Native of Europe and Siberia. No weed is more common in 

 all kinds of cultivated grounds ; flowering nearly the whole 

 year. 



1 1 . Senecio Biflorus ; Two-flowered Groundsel. Corollas 

 naked; leaves linear, flat, somewhat toothed, even ; pedun- 

 cles subbiflorous. Stem shrubby ; branches striated ; calix 

 untouched. Native of Egypt. 



12. Senecio Arabicus ; Arabian Groundsel. Corollas 

 naked; leaves subbipinnate, petioled, even; peduncles many- 

 flowered. Native of Egypt. 



13. Senecio Peucedanifolius. Corollas naked ; leaves pin- 

 nate, filiform; stems herbaceous, a foot and half high. 

 Native of the Cape. 



14. Senecio Japonicus ; Jagged-leaved Groundsel. Corol- 

 las naked ; leaves pinnatifid ; segments lanceolate, acute, 

 gashed; stipules leafy, subpalmate. Native of Japan, where 

 it flowers in July, August, and September. 



15. Senecio Elongatus. Plant glabrous; radical leaves 

 spathulate, serrate ; stem-leaves pinnatifid, dentated, very re- 

 mote; peduncles elongate, umbellate-corymbose. Grows on 

 rocks, near the banks of rivers, about Easton, Pennsylvania. 



16. Senecio Pauciflorus. Plant glabrous; radical leaves 

 long-petioled, ovate-subrotund, subcordate, dentated ; stem- 

 leaves two, remote, pinnatifid, dentated ; peduncles short, 

 subtern, umbellate. This species does not rise above the 

 height of a span, and Grows in Labrador and Carolina. 





